At least 50% of human-specific HERV-K (HML-2) long terminal repeats serve in vivo as active promoters for host nonrepetitive DNA transcription. Export

@article{citeulike:2393062, abstract = {We report the first genome-wide comparison of in vivo promoter activities of a group of human-specific endogenous retroviruses in healthy and cancerous germ line tissues. To this end, we employed a recently developed technique termed genomic repeat expression monitoring. We found that at least 50\% of human-specific long terminal repeats (LTRs) possessed promoter activity, and many of them were up- or downregulated in a seminoma. Individual LTRs were expressed at markedly different levels, ranging from approximately 0.001 to approximately 3\% of the housekeeping beta-actin gene transcript level. We demonstrated that the main factors affecting the LTR promoter activity were the LTR type (5'-proviral, 3' proviral, or solitary) and position with regard to genes. The averaged promoter strengths of solitary and 3'-proviral LTRs were almost identical in both tissues, whereas 5'-proviral LTRs displayed two- to fivefold higher promoter activities. The relative content of promoter-active LTRs in gene-rich regions was significantly higher than that in gene-poor loci. This content was maximal in those regions where LTRs "overlapped" readthrough transcripts. Although many promoter-active LTRs were mapped near known genes, no clear-cut correlation was observed between transcriptional activities of genes and neighboring LTRs. Our data also suggest a selective suppression of transcription for LTRs located in gene introns.}, address = {Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow 117997, Russia. anton@humgen.siobc.ras.ru}, author = {Buzdin, A. and Kovalskaya-Alexandrova, E. and Gogvadze, E. and Sverdlov, E.}, citeulike-article-id = {2393062}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00871-06}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17041225}, citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=17041225}, doi = {10.1128/JVI.00871-06}, issn = {0022-538X}, journal = {J Virol}, keywords = {mammals, transposon}, month = {November}, number = {21}, pages = {10752--10762}, posted-at = {2008-03-26 11:40:35}, priority = {2}, title = {At least 50\% of human-specific HERV-K (HML-2) long terminal repeats serve in vivo as active promoters for host nonrepetitive DNA transcription.}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00871-06}, volume = {80}, year = {2006} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:2393062 L3 - citeulike-article-id:2393062 N2 - We report the first genome-wide comparison of in vivo promoter activities of a group of human-specific endogenous retroviruses in healthy and cancerous germ line tissues. To this end, we employed a recently developed technique termed genomic repeat expression monitoring. We found that at least 50% of human-specific long terminal repeats (LTRs) possessed promoter activity, and many of them were up- or downregulated in a seminoma. Individual LTRs were expressed at markedly different levels, ranging from approximately 0.001 to approximately 3% of the housekeeping beta-actin gene transcript level. We demonstrated that the main factors affecting the LTR promoter activity were the LTR type (5'-proviral, 3' proviral, or solitary) and position with regard to genes. The averaged promoter strengths of solitary and 3'-proviral LTRs were almost identical in both tissues, whereas 5'-proviral LTRs displayed two- to fivefold higher promoter activities. The relative content of promoter-active LTRs in gene-rich regions was significantly higher than that in gene-poor loci. This content was maximal in those regions where LTRs "overlapped" readthrough transcripts. Although many promoter-active LTRs were mapped near known genes, no clear-cut correlation was observed between transcriptional activities of genes and neighboring LTRs. Our data also suggest a selective suppression of transcription for LTRs located in gene introns. IS - 21 JF - J Virol SN - 0022-538X AD - Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow 117997, Russia. anton@humgen.siobc.ras.ru EP - 10762 TI - At least 50% of human-specific HERV-K (HML-2) long terminal repeats serve in vivo as active promoters for host nonrepetitive DNA transcription. VL - 80 SP - 10752 KW - mammals KW - transposon AU - Buzdin, A AU - Kovalskaya-Alexandrova, E AU - Gogvadze, E AU - Sverdlov, E PY - 2006/11// UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00871-06 ER -