Systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and activation in clinically healthy children exposed to air pollutants. Export

@article{citeulike:5919414, abstract = {Mexico City children are chronically exposed to significant concentrations of air pollutants and exhibit chronic respiratory-tract inflammation. Epidemiological, controlled human exposures, laboratory-based animal models, and in vitro/in vivo studies have shown that inflammatory, endothelial dysfunction, and endothelial damage mediators are upregulated upon exposure to particulate matter (PM). Endothelial dysfunction is a critical event in cardiovascular disease. The focus of this work was to investigate whether exposure to ambient air pollution including PM(2.5) produces systemic inflammation and endothelial injury in healthy children. We measured markers of endothelial activation, and inflammatory mediators in 52 children age 8.6+/-0.1 yr, residents of Mexico City (n: 28) or of Polotitl\'{a}n (n: 24), a city with low levels of pollutants. Mexico City children had significant increases in inflammatory mediators and vasoconstrictors, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha, prostaglandin (PG) E2, C-reactive protein, interleukin-1beta, and endothelin-1. There was a significant anti-inflammatory response, and a downregulation of vascular adhesion molecule-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and -2, and selectins sE and sL. Results from linear regression found TNF a positively associated with 24- and 48-h cumulative levels of PM(2.5), while the 7-d PM(2.5) value was negatively associated with the numbers of white blood cells in peripheral blood in highly exposed children. Systemic subclinical inflammation, increased endothelin- 1, and significant downregulation of soluble adhesion molecules are seen in Mexico City children. Children chronically exposed to fine PM above the standard could be at risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, stroke, and other systemic effects later in life.}, author = {Calder\'{o}n-Garcidue\~{n}as, L. and Villarreal-Calderon, R. and Valencia-Salazar, G. and Henr\'{\i}quez-Rold\'{a}n, C. and Guti\'{e}rrez-Castrell\'{o}n, P. and Torres-Jard\'{o}n, R. and Osnaya-Brizuela, N. and Romero, L. and Torres-Jard\'{o}n, R. and Solt, A. and Reed, W.}, citeulike-article-id = {5919414}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08958370701864797}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18368620}, citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=18368620}, doi = {10.1080/08958370701864797}, issn = {1091-7691}, journal = {Inhalation toxicology}, month = {March}, number = {5}, pages = {499--506}, posted-at = {2009-10-10 14:03:19}, priority = {3}, title = {Systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and activation in clinically healthy children exposed to air pollutants.}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08958370701864797}, volume = {20}, year = {2008} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:5919414 L3 - citeulike-article-id:5919414 N2 - Mexico City children are chronically exposed to significant concentrations of air pollutants and exhibit chronic respiratory-tract inflammation. Epidemiological, controlled human exposures, laboratory-based animal models, and in vitro/in vivo studies have shown that inflammatory, endothelial dysfunction, and endothelial damage mediators are upregulated upon exposure to particulate matter (PM). Endothelial dysfunction is a critical event in cardiovascular disease. The focus of this work was to investigate whether exposure to ambient air pollution including PM(2.5) produces systemic inflammation and endothelial injury in healthy children. We measured markers of endothelial activation, and inflammatory mediators in 52 children age 8.6+/-0.1 yr, residents of Mexico City (n: 28) or of Polotitlán (n: 24), a city with low levels of pollutants. Mexico City children had significant increases in inflammatory mediators and vasoconstrictors, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha, prostaglandin (PG) E2, C-reactive protein, interleukin-1beta, and endothelin-1. There was a significant anti-inflammatory response, and a downregulation of vascular adhesion molecule-1, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and -2, and selectins sE and sL. Results from linear regression found TNF a positively associated with 24- and 48-h cumulative levels of PM(2.5), while the 7-d PM(2.5) value was negatively associated with the numbers of white blood cells in peripheral blood in highly exposed children. Systemic subclinical inflammation, increased endothelin- 1, and significant downregulation of soluble adhesion molecules are seen in Mexico City children. Children chronically exposed to fine PM above the standard could be at risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, stroke, and other systemic effects later in life. IS - 5 JF - Inhalation toxicology SN - 1091-7691 EP - 506 TI - Systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and activation in clinically healthy children exposed to air pollutants. VL - 20 SP - 499 AU - Calderón-Garcidueñas, L AU - Villarreal-Calderon, R AU - Valencia-Salazar, G AU - Henríquez-Roldán, C AU - Gutiérrez-Castrellón, P AU - Torres-Jardón, R AU - Osnaya-Brizuela, N AU - Romero, L AU - Torres-Jardón, R AU - Solt, A AU - Reed, W PY - 2008/03// UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08958370701864797 ER -