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Polytene Chromosomal Maps of 11 Drosophila species: The order of genomic scaffolds inferred from genetic and physical maps.

by: Stephen W W Schaeffer, Arjun Bhutkar, Bryant F F McAllister, Muneo Matsuda, Luciano M M Matzkin, Patrick M M O'Grady, Claudia Rohde, Vera L S L Valente, Montserrat Aguadé, Wyatt W W Anderson, Kevin Edwards, Ana C L C Garcia, Josh Goodman, James Hartigan, Eiko Kataoka, Richard T T Lapoint, Elena R R Lozovsky, Carlos A A Machado, Mohamed A F A Noor, Montserrat Papaceit, Laura K K Reed, Stephen Richards, Tania T T Rieger, Susan M M Russo, Hajime Sato, Carmen Segarra, Douglas R R Smith, Temple F F Smith, Victor Strelets, Yoshiko N N Tobari, Yoshihiko Tomimura, Marvin Wasserman, Thomas Watts, Robert Wilson, Kiyohito Yoshida, Therese A A Markow, William M M Gelbart, Thomas C C Kaufman
Genetics (13 July 2008)


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The sequencing of the twelve genomes of members of the genus Drosophila was taken as an opportunity to re-evaluate the genetic and physical maps for 11 of the species, in part to aid in the mapping of assembled scaffolds. Here, we present an overview of the importance of cytogenetic maps to Drosophila biology and to the concepts of chromosomal evolution. The cytogenetic maps were used to anchor the genome assembly scaffolds to the polytene chromosome map with physical and genetic markers for each species. In addition, a computational approach was used to anchor smaller scaffolds based on the analysis of syntenic blocks. We present the chromosomal map data from each of the 11 sequenced non-D. melanogaster species as a series of chapters. Each chapter reviews the history of the polytene chromosome maps in each species, presents the new polytene chromosome maps, and anchors the genomic scaffolds to the cytological maps using genetic and physical markers. The mapping data agree with Muller's idea that the majority of Drosophila genes are syntenic. Despite the conservation of genes within homologous chromosome arms across species, the karyotypes of these species have changed through the fusion of chromosomal arms followed by subsequent rearrangement events.


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