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Biosynthesis of cannabinoids. Incorporation experiments with 13C-labeled glucoses Export

European Journal of Biochemistry, Vol. 268, No. 6. (2001), pp. 1596-1604.

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biosynthesis cannabinoid cannabinol cannabis plant sativa thc

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The biosynthesis of cannabinoids was studied in cut sprouts of Cannabis sativa by incorporation experiments using mixtures of unlabeled glucose and [1-13C]glucose or [U-13C6]glucose. 13C-labeling patterns of cannabichromenic acid and tetrahydrocannabinolic acid were analyzed by quantitative NMR spectroscopy. 13C enrichments and coupling patterns show that the C10-terpenoid moiety is biosynthesized entirely or predominantly (> 98%) via the recently discovered deoxyxylulose phosphate pathway. The phenolic moiety is generated by a polyketide-type reaction sequence. The data support geranyl diphosphate and the polyketide, olivetolic acid, as specific intermediates in the biosynthesis of cannabinoids.


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