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Abstract
Catheter interventions are associated with the risk of thromboembolism; however, the extent of platelet activation is not known. S amples from an arteriovenous malformation model ( n = 21 pigs) were examined. The pigs received a continuous infusion of 66 IU kg −1 h −1 ( n = 11) or 100 IU kg −1 h −1 ( n = 10) heparin applied 20 min after an initial bolus of 100 IU/kg. Platelet aggregation according to Born and ADVIA 120™ platelet activation ...
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Abstract
We assessed the levels of serum calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg) during the postpartum hours in adult Holstein-Friesian cows who received subcutaneous calcium borogluconate (CBG) post-calving. Fifteen cows were fed a 3-week close-up ration containing 63 g/day Ca and 40 g/day P, with a dietary cation–anion difference of 335 meq/kg DM. Within 30 min after calving, seven cows were injected 200 ml of a 40% CBG solution (6 g of Ca) subcutaneously and 8 cows were considered as controls. ...
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Abstract
Raini goat is an Iranian cashmere goat which is raised in large numbers in Kerman province of Iran where goat production contributes significantly to the agricultural economy. Normal hematological indices are valuable aid in the diagnosis of hematological disorders. Determination of the main hematological and hematochemical parameters of animals helps veterinarians to confirm clinical diagnosis, estimate the severity of cases, administer appropriate treatment, and evaluate outcomes. Limited information is available for normal hematological parameters in Raini goats. The purpose of the ...
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Abstract
The present study has been performed to determine whether Echinacea purpurea extract (Ech) could influence hepatotoxicity of arsenic (As). Forty Wistar rats were divided into four groups, and each had two subgroups (immature and mature); the groups were as follows: control, As (3 mg/kg, subcutaneously), Ech (400 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) and As + Ech. Histopathologic examination after 10 days revealed cell swelling and inflammatory reaction in the livers of As group rats and severe cell swelling and no inflammatory reaction in the ...
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Abstract
Values of some haematological indices were assessed in 30 Barbus grypus (mean length, 22.88 ± 4.16 cm; mean weight, 101.01 ± 58.50 g). The fishes were randomly selected from ponds of Dashte Azadegan Aquaculture Centre. The blood samples were collected from the caudal vein after adaptation to laboratory conditions. The values of the haematological parameter were measured using standardized and approved methods. The following values (mean±SD) were recorded. Packed cell volume (PCV), 46 ± 5.71%; haemoglobin (Hb), 9.5 ± 4.58 g/dL; ...
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Abstract
Ketosis causes economic losses to the dairy industry. Subclinical ketosis (SCK) is defined as elevated concentrations of circulating ketone bodies in the absence of clinical signs. Measurement of blood β-hydroxy butyrate (BHB) concentration is considered as the gold standard method for herd monitoring. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of SCK in postpartum cows in Nishaboor, Iran. A total of 109 lactating cows in 2–4 weeks of lactation from 15 herds in Nishaboor were included in this ...
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Abstract
Tropical fasciolosis is regarded as one of the most important helminth infections of ruminants in Asia and Africa. Throughout most of its geographical range, Fasciola gigantica is of great importance as a parasite in cattle and buffalo. Fasciolosis diagnosis, due to low sensitivity of the coprological diagnostic method has been challenging for a long period. In this study, an in-house indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) method; one of the most sensitive tests in this regard, using excretion–secretory (ES Ag) and Crude ...
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Abstract
Salmonella infection is responsible for major economic losses in poultry industry. Consequently, the development of new methods for fighting such disease is desirable, such as the use of acid-lactic bacteria. However, reference values of chicks in such conditions are dissimilar to those of other species. Leucometry reference values for chicks have not been reported. The aim of this article was to evaluate and determine the leucometric values of chicks inoculated with Salmonella Typhimurium or treated with Lactobacilli probiotics. In this study, ...
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Abstract
Experimental tibial osteotomy was performed in 24 dogs, fixed by either intramedullary (IMO; n = 12) or plate and screw osteosynthesis (PLO; n = 12). Six dogs with IMO and another six with PLO were subjected to daily therapeutic ultrasound therapy at the site of osteotomy for 10 days, starting from the first post-operative day. The other dogs served as controls. Radiological studies were performed immediately after surgery, by week 2 and months 1, 2 and 3. Blood markers of bone ...
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Abstract
Concurrent outbreak of staphylococcal pneumonia with infectious bursal disease (IBD) occurred in 29-day-old broiler chickens. The outbreak started after a flock of 279 birds was decongested by moving 121 birds to another pen. The birds were depressed and weak before death and carcasses were cyanotic. At necropsy, the lungs were dark red, congested and consolidated; the bursa of Fabricius (BF) was enlarged; the liver was pale and the intestinal mucosa was hyperaemic. Histopathological examination of the lungs, BF and liver revealed ...
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a disease that affects millions of people in the world. Many people use therapeutic herbal medicine for many reasons. In the present study, the effects of Ruta graveolens extract on the level of blood glucose, lipids, and hematological parameters have been studied. For this purpose 30 adult male Wistar rats weighing (200–300 g) were divided randomly into six groups (A, B, C, D, E, and F) and housed in single cages. The control group (A) was injected with ...
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Abstract
A total of 246 Japanese composed of 121 with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 125 with prostatic cancer (PCa) were analyzed clinically to explain fusion gene anomalies between erythroblast transformation-specific family transcription factor-related gene (ERG) and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) on chromosome 21q22. Among the 246 cases, 12 (10%) BPH and 18 (14%) PCa showed prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values of >20 ng/ml. It was shown that PSA was not only secreted from the prostates of BPH and PCa, but also ...
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Abstract
The antioxidant activity of Cassia singueana Delile (Fabaceae) Lock methanol leaf extract was investigated in vivo and in vitro using malondialdehyde (MDA) test, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), and ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) photometric assays. The leaves have been of interest to researchers because of its use in the treatment of various disease conditions in Nigerian traditional medicine. C. singueana leaf extract gave a significant ( P < 0.05) dose-dependent increase in antioxidant power with the FRAP assay. The DPPH assay showed 66% ...
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Abstract
One of the main parameters involved in the yeast-to-hypha transition in Candida albicans is temperature, and this change is involved in its pathogenicity. A complete switch between yeast and hypha can be achieved by changing the temperature from 28°C to 37°C in Lee medium supplemented with serum. To compare the early transcriptional response of C. albicans to temperature, we have carried out a genome-wide analysis of the C. albicans response to temperature after a 5-min exposure at 37°C. Using a cDNA ...
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Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate baseline data of mutant strain of mice and to compare haematological parameters with their background strains. Almost all mutant strains of either sex had statistically significant changes in relation to their background strains. These findings will be useful for researchers in designing experiments on mutant strains for various disease models and interpreting data obtained from those strains. ...
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Abstract
A 2-year-old male mixed breed dog was presented with history of a slow growing subcutaneous mass on the back near to left hip joint. Grossly, a large, firm, gray-white mass about 4.5 × 3.5 × 7.5 cm in dimensions was located within the dermis. Microscopically, a poorly encapsulated, multilobular tumoral tissue was observed with proliferation of the glandular epithelium as tubular and solid structures. The proliferating epithelial cells lining the tubules had round to ovoid, normochromatic nuclei with prominent nucleoli and ...
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Abstract
This study investigated the testicular morphology as well as the gonadal and extra-gonadal sperm reserves of West African Dwarf (WAD) goats exposed to graded levels of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Twenty male WAD goats of five goats per group were used for this study. Goats in groups A, B and C received low [75 mg/kg body weight (BW)], medium (100 mg/kg BW) and high (125 mg/kg BW) dose levels of 2,4-D, respectively. The group D goats served as the control. On day ...
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Abstract
This study was aimed to evaluate the preventive efficacy of syringic acid (SA) on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced nephrotoxicity. Nephrotoxicity was induced in male Wistar albino rats by the administration of a single dose of 750 mg/kg APAP intraperitoneally. In this study, we evaluated the levels of renal markers, lipid peroxidation markers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH)), enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant status, and histopathological changes of kidney. Our results show significant ( P < 0.05) increased levels of serum urea, ...
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Abstract
There is a discrepancy between the knowledge of veterinary medicine graduates and professional and society expectations. The main reason for this discrepancy is the conventional curricula, which rely on backward reasoning or disease-centered medical education. The aim of the present study was to develop a scheme as the most important step in the creation of a full clinical presentation (CP) module. Vomiting was chosen in this study as a common CP in dogs. Three series of focused questions were developed. The ...
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Abstract
The study of canine haemoglobin (Hb) components can help to forecast Hb changes during many pathological and physiological processes such as responsive anaemia. The aims of our study were to show canine Hb electrophoretic pattern on cellulose acetate and identify Hb types similar to the human Hb pattern. Blood samples from 78 different canine breeds were randomly collected in tubes containing anticoagulant EDTA. Animals were brought to the Small Animal Teaching Centre for a check-up and vaccination. All blood samples underwent ...
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Abstract
The objective of the present work was to investigate the effects of buprenorphine administration on testicular tissue in mice. Sexually mature male mice were randomly divided into five experimental groups ( n = 5) and the following treatments were intraperitoneally administered for 21 days: Control male mice were given physiological saline. Positive control group was injected with morphine (Mor, 20 mg/kg). Three other groups were given different doses of buprenorphine including 0.15 mg/kg (B15), 0.30 mg/kg (B30), and 0.60 mg/kg (B60). ...
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Abstract
This study investigated the leucocytic profile of rats experimentally infected with T rypanosoma brucei brucei and treated with a combination of methanolic Azadirachta indica leaf extracts (MAILE) plus diminazene diaceturate (DDA). Acute toxicity study of the drug and extract combinations was carried. Selection of the best drug and extract combinations was carried out using 54 rats of both sexes separated into nine groups. Three dose combinations were derived from the selection of the best drug and extract combinations used for the ...
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Abstract
The objectives of the present study were to describe radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of early osteoarthritis and their relationships at the same time. A total number of ten rabbits were used and randomly divided into two equal groups. In one group, cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) of the left knee was transected to produce experimental osteoarthritis and in the other group, only the articular capsule was entered as sham operation (arthrotomy group). All of the left knees were examined ...
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Abstract
Echinacea preparations are widely used in the prevention or treatment of upper respiratory tract infections. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of a standardized Echinacea extract in experimentally induced liver toxicity and whether this herb would have a modulating effect on the silymarin-induced hepatoprotection in rats. Liver damage was induced by the administration of carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ). Echinacea extract (18 or 36 mg/kg) alone or combined with silymarin (25 mg/kg), silymarin only (25 mg/kg), or saline (control) ...
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Abstract
The present study aims at evaluating the diagnostic efficacy of an enzyme-based colorimetric method (Enzolve’s kit) for quantitative determination of phenylalanine in comparison to the gold standard tandem mass spectrometer (MS/MS). This study was conducted on 155 neonates aged 3–7 days attending the neurometabolic clinic of Cairo University Children Hospital as a part of the neonatal screening program. Samples of patients were selected according to their phenylalanine levels obtained by MS/MS. Group 1 included 49 normal neonates with phenylalanine level <150 ...
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Abstract
Gender-related changes in plasma chemistry values were examined in guinea pigs after taking oral fluoxetine hydrochloride (HCl) as a widely prescribed drug for weight reduction and treatment of depressive disorders. Twenty guinea pigs of both sexes were divided into four groups of five animals. For both of the sexes, one group was treated with oral fluoxetine HCl (20 mg/kg/day) and another was used as a control which administered with distilled water. On the last day of the experiment (35th day), blood ...
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Abstract
Hematological parameters are repeatedly used as an essential diagnostic tool to assess the health condition of fish. The purpose of this study was to assess the reference values of some hematological parameters of Catla, Catla catla collected from a freshwater pond in a tropical climate of India from July 2008 to June 2010. Variations in hematological parameters such as hemoglobin, erythrocyte count, total leucocyte count, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) of fish were compared according ...
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Abstract
The aim of the study is to resolve the debated association between ghrelin level and polymorphism of ghrelin gene (Leu72Met) with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The present study was conducted on 30 diabetic middle-aged patients with normal body mass index (BMI) and 40 age-matched non-diabetic participants (20 with normal BMI and 20 obese). All participants were subjected to full medical history and examination, anthropometric measurements, and laboratory investigations which include complete lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, fasting ...
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Abstract
Peritonitis is an inflammation of the peritoneal cavity and is one of the main causes of animal deaths. It has been reported that many diseases such as peritonitis cause electrolyte imbalance in the body. The present study has been conducted to evaluate the serum electrolyte concentration in cattle with peritonitis. In order to perform this study, 45 cattle with peritonitis were selected in the Karaj area, and 20 healthy cattle were used as the control group. After diagnosis of peritonitis in ...
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Abstract
An 8-year-old male Doberman was presented with a unilateral enlarged mass on its left upper eyelid. Neoplasia was suspected, and a series of diagnostic tests were carried out. Unrecognizable cells were seen in a fine needle aspiration that resembled a neoplastic lesion. The mass was resected from the base with some of underlying tissue, and several samples were obtained for histopathologic examination. Histopathologically, the tumoral mass was composed of a solid growth of irregular islands and trabeculae of basaloid reserve cells, ...
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Abstract
Plant essential oils and their components are perceived to exhibit antimicrobial activities. In this study the antibacterial effects of essential oil extracted from Myristica fragrans , Zataria multiflora Boiss, Syzygium aromaticum , and Zingiber officinale Rosci, alone and in combination with nisin, were evaluated against Listeria monocytogenes in brain heart infusion broth. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bacterial concentration (MBC) with essential oils and pH values (5, 6, and 7), alone and in combination with nicin (5 μg ml −1 ...
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Abstract
To identify the features of experimental toxoplasmosis in broiler chickens (Gallus domesticus), a total of 48 birds aged 25 days were randomly assigned to one of four groups of 12 birds each. Tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii were injected intraperitoneally at doses of 5 × 105 (group A), 1 × 106 (group B) and 1.5 × 106 (group C), and chickens in group D were treated with an injection of saline only (control). Before and after experimental infection, serum samples from all chickens were tested for antibodies against T. ...
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Abstract
It has been suggested that obstruction of coronary veins can induce myocardial infarction similar to coronary artery obstruction. In this study, the coronary veins of the sheep heart were blocked experimentally and haematological and inflammatory indices (haptoglobin, serum amyloid A, tumour necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ) alterations were studied. Twenty sheep were used for this study. Anaesthesia was induced by ketamine and maintained using halothane. The intercostal space between ribs 4 and 5 was incised, the thorax was opened and the pericardium ...
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Abstract
Bacteria have developed multiple mechanisms to obtain iron from the host. Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida produces a catechol-type siderophore under iron starvation conditions. In this study, we characterized six ABC transporter proteins immediately downstream of a sigma factor as AsbI, which were denominated AsbH, AsbJ, AsbK, AsbL, AsbQ, and AsbM, and a siderophore receptor as AsbE. All studied genes showed a high similarity with other siderophore transporter genes in other gram-negative bacteria. Interestingly, asbH and asbJ genes were shown to encode ...
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Abstract
Citrullus colocynthis seeds are traditionally used as antidiabetic medication in Mediterranean countries. An experiment was designed to evaluate the comparative effects of oral administration of C. colocynthis and insulin injection on the serum biochemical parameters of diabetic dogs. Twelve apparently healthy mixed breed dogs were selected and randomly allocated into three groups, two diabetic groups and one control group (n = 4). Diabetes was induced with alloxan tetrahydrate. One diabetic group and the control group were treated with a dose of 100 mg/kg/day of ...
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Abstract
The seasonal variations of the level of serum total proteins and their electrophoretic fractions in dairy cows, living in the Mediterranean area, were investigated. During different physiological phases, ten dairy cows were housed in a sheltered pen in Sicily (Italy). Throughout the experimental period, ambient temperature and relative humidity were continuously recorded with a data logger and temperature humidity index values were determined. Blood samples were collected every 30 days for 1 year (12 months). Total proteins were assessed by means of a spectrophotometer ...
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Abstract
The anti-diabetic effect of the drug Semecarpus anacardium Linn nut milk extract (SA) was studied in male Sprague Dawley rats. The rats were divided into seven groups of six animals each. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was induced in rats by feeding them with a high fat diet for 2 weeks followed by intraperitoneal injection of 35 mg/kg/body weight (b. wt.) of streptozotocin. The diabetic rats were treated with the drug at four different concentrations of 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg/b. wt. respectively and ...
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Abstract
This study investigated the erythrocytic profile of rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei and treated with a combination of methanolic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica and diminazene diaceturate (DDA). Acute toxicity study of the drug and extract combinations was carried; selection of the best drug and extract combinations was carried out using 54 rats of both sexes separated into nine groups. Three dose combinations were derived from the selection of the best drug and extract combinations used for the final ...
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Abstract
True histiocytic proliferative diseases have been infrequently documented in the cat, with progressive histiocytosis and histiocytic sarcoma representing the bulk of the reported cases. A 5-year-old, neutered male domestic shorthair cat presented with a 1-month history of anorexia, depression, mucosal pallor and persistent non regenerative anemia. On admission, the cat appeared depressed, icteric, dyspneic and had moderate splenomegaly. The cat had a severe, temporarily regenerative anemia, and a blood smear evaluation revealed numerous neutrophil- and monocyte-phagocytosed erythrocytes. Splenic and bone marrow ...
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Abstract
The contribution of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to liver regeneration in different forms of liver injury remains debatable. Many studies tried to verify whether various liver lesions can activate bone marrow by mobilizing peripheral blood HSCs (CD34/CD133+cells) putatively able to induce liver repopulation. The aim of this work was to determine the degree of mobilization of BM-derived HSCs into the peripheral blood of chronic hepatic affection patients and correlating it with various grades of liver damage. This study was conducted on ...
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Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of sheep theileriosis on some plasma biochemical parameters. Thirty adult fat-tailed sheep suffering from theileriosis were selected on the basis of clinical examination and positive peripheral blood smears, and 20 clinically healthy animals without parasitaemia (according to the blood smears) served as control. Biochemical analysis of infected cases revealed a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in blood glucose and albumin, in addition to a non-significant decrease in total protein and creatinine concentrations when compared ...
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Abstract
An outbreak of mycoplasmal pneumonia occurred in a flock of 180 head of sheep. The prominent clinical signs included pyrexia, coughing, respiratory distress, nasal discharge, ocular opacity in some cases, hot and swollen joints, lameness, and depression. Routine post-mortem examinations were performed on 11 dead sheep. The gross lesions included reddening, consolidation, and localized necrosis in different areas of the lung, the presence of a fibrinopurulent membrane on the pleural surface, and serofibrinous fluid in the thoracic cavity. Culture of the ...
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Abstract
The purpose of this study is to determine reference ranges for hematological and plasma chemistry of Psammophilus blanfordanus (Sauria: Agamidae) collected from their natural habitat. Blood samples were taken from coccygeal vein and lower abdominal vein of P. blanfordanus and different blood parameters were measured. Among the hematological parameters, there was sex wise difference in RBC count between males and females. Measurement of various types of blood cells was carried out with the help of a stage and an ocular micrometer. ...
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Abstract
Several strategies and methods have been attempted to purify K99 fimbriae from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains. Most of these methods are technically complex and time consuming. In current study a single-step ion-exchange chromatography method that takes just a few hours for purification of this important virulence factor was developed. K99 fimbriae were stripped from E. coli B41 strain by heat treatment and phosphate–urea buffer. The crude extracts were then equilibrated with Tris buffer and were loaded to a HiTrap SP XL ...
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Abstract
The pathophysiology of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is still unknown. Many cytokines, including interleukin-10 (IL-10), play a role in the perpetuation of the disease. The aim of the study was to investigate the association of IL-10 gene promoter polymorphisms with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and to correlate with survival. Fifty patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma as well as 50 age- and sex-matched apparently healthy volunteers were genotyped for biallellic IL-10 gene promoter polymorphisms at positions −1082(A/G) and −3557(T/A) using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length ...
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Abstract
In order to establish baseline hematological and biochemical values in loggerhead turtles from the Mediterranean Sea, 84 specimens were sampled, comprising 24 wild turtles in good health at the time of capture and 60 turtles tested after indoor rehabilitation at the Sea Turtle Rescue and Rehabilitation Centre of the Zoological Station Anton Dohrn in Naples, Italy. The following parameters were evaluated: red cell counts (RBC, 488–575 × 103/μL), white cell counts (WBC, 17–24 × 103/μL) and thrombocyte counts (TBC, 19–49 × 102/μL), hemoglobin (Hb, 8–14 g/dL), hematocrit (Ht, ...
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Abstract
A direct association between trace elements and human disease has been observed. The alteration of chromium metabolism has been observed in diabetic patients. The aim of this study was to investigate any association between serum chromium levels and diabetes mellitus in the Egyptian population. Thirty patients with type 2 diabetes were compared to 20 healthy age- and sex-matched control subjects as regards serum chromium levels (measured on atomic absorption spectrometry), fasting and postprandial blood glucose, HbA1C, T.C., T.G., HDL-C, and LDL-C. ...
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Abstract
Enterococci have been incriminated as a cause of opportunistic infections in humans and different animal species. The glycopeptide-resistant Enterococcus raffinosus has been reported as an emerging pathogen in humans recently, but the importance of E. raffinosus in animals is largely unknown. The present manuscript appears to be the first report of isolation of E. raffinosus from animal source; more importantly, the isolated organism showed resistance to vancomycin in conventional antibiotic resistance evaluation methods. The organism was isolated from a 35-day-old ostrich ...
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Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a tumour consisting of squamous epithelial cells. This tumour is common in horses, cows, cats and dogs, but relatively uncommon in sheep, goats and pigs. In this study, we discuss gross, radiological and histopathological features of an oral SCC in a female sheep. A 3-year-old ewe with a progressive mass located in the intraoral cavity and with a history of reduced appetite, weight loss, salivation and halitosis was referred to the veterinary clinic. At clinical examination, ...
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Abstract
The effect of the methanolic extract of Mucuna pruriens seed was evaluated in mice with regards to delayed hypersensitivity reaction (DTR), primary and secondary antibody response and in vivo inflammatory leucocyte mobilization. The extract at 250 and 500 mg/kg produced significant (p < 0.05) inhibition of DTR in mice by 33.33% and 28.89%, respectively. The extract caused elevation of secondary SRBCs-specific antibody titre with antibody response being significantly (p < 0.05) increased at 250 and 500 mg/kg when compared with control. The extract at 250 and 500 mg/kg ...
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