Thu, 24 Jul 2008 22:56:29 BST CiteULike: Author Tierney http://www.citeulike.org/author/Tierney CiteULike.org en-gb Copyright © 2004-2008 citeulike.org http://www.citeulike.org/user/cts2107/article/2766780 <i>Annual Review of Sociology, Vol. 33, No. 1. (2007), pp. 503-525.</i><br /><br />Abstract The sociology of disasters has developed in ways that have weakened its ties with mainstream sociology. It has remained remarkably resistant to changes in the broader sociological landscape, and its strong applied focus has been a barrier to theoretical innovation. This situation is changing, as indicated by critiques of traditional ways of conceptualizing and explaining disasters; greater acceptance of constructivist formulations; willingness to acknowledge that disasters are accompanied by both social solidarity and social conflict; and recognition of the significance of the interaction of disasters and risk with gender, class, and other axes of inequality. However, the field is unlikely to overcome its marginal status without significant efforts to link the sociology of disasters with the related fields of risk and environmental sociology and, more broadly, to focus on core sociological concerns, such as social inequality, diversity, and social change. From the Margins to the Mainstream? Disaster Research at the Crossroads Kathleen Tierney doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.33.040406.131743 Annual Review of Sociology, Vol. 33, No. 1. (2007), pp. 503-525. 2008-05-07T15:15:11-00:00 2007 Annual Review of Sociology 33 1 503 525 disaster http://www.citeulike.org/user/bakakaj/article/166220 <i>Genome Biol, Vol. 5, No. 10. (2004)</i><br /><br />The Bioconductor project is an initiative for the collaborative creation of extensible software for computational biology and bioinformatics. The goals of the project include: fostering collaborative development and widespread use of innovative software, reducing barriers to entry into interdisciplinary scientific research, and promoting the achievement of remote reproducibility of research results. We describe details of our aims and methods, identify current challenges, compare Bioconductor to other open bioinformatics projects, and provide working examples. Bioconductor: open software development for computational biology and bioinformatics. RC Gentleman VJ Carey DM Bates B Bolstad M Dettling S Dudoit B Ellis L Gautier Y Ge J Gentry K Hornik T Hothorn W Huber S Iacus R Irizarry F Leisch C Li M Maechler AJ Rossini G Sawitzki C Smith G Smyth L Tierney JY Yang J Zhang doi:10.1186/gb-2004-5-10-r80 Genome Biol, Vol. 5, No. 10. (2004) 2005-04-21T13:38:17-00:00 2004 Genome Biol 1465-6914 5 10 bioconductor statistics http://www.citeulike.org/user/amcdawes/article/1010925 <i>Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, Vol. 40, No. 1. (14 January 2007), pp. 187-198.</i> DAVLL lineshapes in atomic rubidium Millett-Sikking Alfred Hughes G Ifan Tierney Patrick Cornish L Simon doi:10.1088/0953-4075/40/1/017 Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, Vol. 40, No. 1. (14 January 2007), pp. 187-198. 2006-12-23T23:07:25-00:00 2007 Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 0953-4075 40 1 187 198 Institute of Physics Publishing davll http://www.citeulike.org/user/Flit/article/2875448 <i>(25 May 2008)</i><br /><br />Every year, billions of dollars of environmental aid flow from the rich governments of the North to the poor governments of the South. Why do donors provide this aid? What do they seek to achieve? How effective is the aid given? And does it always go to the places of greatest environmental need? From the first Earth Summit in Stockholm in 1972 to the G8 Gleneagles meeting in 2005, the issue of the impact of aid on the global environment has been the subject of vigorous protest and debate. How much progress has there been in improving environmental protection and clean-up in the developing world? What explains the patterns of environmental aid spending and distribution - is it designed to address real problems, achieve geopolitical or commercial gains abroad, or buy political mileage at home? And what are the consequences for the estimated 4 million people that die each year from air pollution, unsafe drinking water, and lack of sanitation? All of these questions and many more are addressed in this groundbreaking text, which is based on the authors' work compiling the most comprehensive dataset of foreign aid ever assembled. By evaluating the likely environment impact of over 400,000 development projects by more than 50 donors to over 170 recipient nations between 1970 and 2001, Greening Aid represents a unique, state of the art picture of what is happening in foreign assistance, and its impact on the environment. Greening Aid explains major trends and shifts over the last three decades, ranks donors according to their performance, and offers case studies which compare and contrast donors and types of environmental aid. Greening Aid?: Understanding the Environmental Impact of Development Assistance Robert Hicks Bradley Parks Timmons Roberts Michael Tierney (25 May 2008) 2008-06-09T11:28:36-00:00 2008 Oxford University Press, USA oda http://www.citeulike.org/user/dengcomm/article/1681243 <i>The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 604, No. 1. (1 March 2006), pp. 57-81.</i><br /><br />It has long been understood by disaster researchers that both the general public and organizational actors tend to believe in various disaster myths. Notions that disasters are accompanied by looting, social disorganization, and deviant behavior are examples of such myths. Research shows that the mass media play a significant role in promulgating erroneous beliefs about disaster behavior. Following Hurricane Katrina, the response of disaster victims was framed by the media in ways that greatly exaggerated the incidence and severity of looting and lawlessness. Media reports initially employed a "civil unrest" frame and later characterized victim behavior as equivalent to urban warfare. The media emphasis on lawlessness and the need for strict social control both reflects and reinforces political discourse calling for a greater role for the military in disaster management. Such policy positions are indicators of the strength of militarism as an ideology in the United States. 10.1177/0002716205285589 Metaphors Matter: Disaster Myths, Media Frames, and Their Consequences in Hurricane Katrina Kathleen Tierney Christine Bevc Erica Kuligowski doi:10.1177/0002716205285589 The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 604, No. 1. (1 March 2006), pp. 57-81. 2007-09-21T01:10:48-00:00 2006 The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 604 1 57 81 disaster media http://www.citeulike.org/group/3944/article/2841591 <i>Cluster Computing, Vol. 5, No. 3. (1 July 2002), pp. 305-314.</i><br /><br />Data replication is a key issue in a Data Grid and can be managed in different ways and at different levels of granularity: for example, at the file level or object level. In the High Energy Physics community, Data Grids are being developed to support the distributed analysis of experimental data. We have produced a prototype data replication tool, the Grid Data Mirroring Package (GDMP) that is in production use in one physics experiment, with middleware provided by the Globus Toolkit used for authentication, data movement, and other purposes. We present here a new, enhanced GDMP architecture and prototype implementation that uses Globus Data Grid tools for efficient file replication. We also explain how this architecture can address object replication issues in an object-oriented database management system. File transfer over wide-area networks requires specific performance tuning in order to gain optimal data transfer rates. We present performance results obtained with GridFTP, an enhanced version of FTP, and discuss tuning parameters. File and Object Replication in Data Grids Heinz Stockinger Asad Samar Koen Holtman Bill Allcock Ian Foster Brian Tierney doi:10.1023/A:1015681406220 Cluster Computing, Vol. 5, No. 3. (1 July 2002), pp. 305-314. 2008-05-28T14:06:19-00:00 2002 Cluster Computing 5 3 305 314 grid replication storage http://www.citeulike.org/user/MariaChiaraP/article/1319876 <i>Journal of the History of Ideas, Vol. 62, No. 3. (2001), pp. 381-399.</i> Permissive Natural Law and Property: Gratian to Kant Brian Tierney doi:10.2307/3654147 Journal of the History of Ideas, Vol. 62, No. 3. (2001), pp. 381-399. 2007-05-22T17:33:57-00:00 2001 Journal of the History of Ideas 62 3 381 399 kant law permissive property http://www.citeulike.org/user/MariaChiaraP/article/1319863 <i>Journal of the History of Ideas, Vol. 62, No. 2. (2001), pp. 301-312.</i> Kant on Property: The Problem of Permissive Law Brian Tierney doi:10.2307/3654360 Journal of the History of Ideas, Vol. 62, No. 2. (2001), pp. 301-312. 2007-05-22T17:11:51-00:00 2001 Journal of the History of Ideas 62 2 301 312 kant law permissive property http://www.citeulike.org/user/mfisk/article/2647765 <i>Recent Advances in Intrusion Detection (2007), pp. 107-126.</i><br /><br />In this work we present a NIDS cluster as a scalable solution for realizing high-performance, stateful network intrusion detection on commodity hardware. The design addresses three challenges: (i)  distributing traffic evenly across an extensible set of analysis nodes in a fashion that minimizes the communication required for coordination, (ii)  adapting the NIDS’s operation to support coordinating its low-level analysis rather than just aggregating alerts; and (iii)  validating that the cluster produces sound results. Prototypes of our NIDS cluster now operate at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of California at Berkeley. In both environments the clusters greatly enhance the power of the network security monitoring. The NIDS Cluster: Scalable, Stateful Network Intrusion Detection on Commodity Hardware Matthias Vallentin Robin Sommer Jason Lee Craig Leres Vern Paxson Brian Tierney doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74320-0_6 Recent Advances in Intrusion Detection (2007), pp. 107-126. 2008-04-10T02:44:44-00:00 2007 Recent Advances in Intrusion Detection 107 126 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/leonardooo/article/2427053 <i></i><br /><br />This document will evolve during the lifetime of the project. It does not say what will be in any particular prototype but gives a longer view The DataGrid Architecture Version 2 German Cancio Steve Fisher Tim Folkes Francesco Giacomini Wolfgang Hoschek Dave Kelsey Brian Tierney 2008-02-25T20:40:14-00:00 2001 edg grids http://www.citeulike.org/user/hamidohadi/article/2373627 <i>Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 78, No. 9. (2007)</i><br /><br />  A heated vapor cell unit for dichroic atomic vapor laser lock in atomic rubidium Daniel Mccarron Ifan Hughes Patrick Tierney Simon Cornish Review of Scientific Instruments, Vol. 78, No. 9. (2007) 2008-02-14T12:38:57-00:00 2007 Review of Scientific Instruments 78 9 AIP davll lock http://www.citeulike.org/user/ohara/article/2288318 <i>Cell Stem Cell, Vol. 1, No. 5. (15 November 2007), pp. 578-591.</i><br /><br />Summary Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) continuously regenerate the hematologic system, yet few genes regulating this process have been defined. To identify candidate factors involved in differentiation and self-renewal, we have generated an expression database of hematopoietic stem cells and their differentiated progeny, including erythrocytes, granulocytes, monocytes, NK cells, activated and naive T cells, and B cells. Bioinformatic analysis revealed HSCs were more transcriptionally active than their progeny and shared a common activation mechanism with T cells. Each cell type also displayed unique biases in the regulation of particular genetic pathways, with Wnt signaling particularly enhanced in HSCs. We identified ~100-400 genes uniquely expressed in each cell type, termed lineage "fingerprints." In overexpression studies, two of these genes, Zfp105 from the NK cell lineage, and Ets2 from the monocyte lineage, were able to significantly influence differentiation toward their respective lineages, demonstrating the utility of the fingerprints for identifying genes that regulate differentiation. Hematopoietic Fingerprints: An Expression Database of Stem Cells and Their Progeny Stuart Chambers Nathan Boles Kuan-Yin Lin Megan Tierney Teresa Bowman Steven Bradfute Alice Chen Akil Merchant Olga Sirin David Weksberg Mehveen Merchant Joseph Fisk Chad Shaw Margaret Goodell doi:10.1016/j.stem.2007.10.003 Cell Stem Cell, Vol. 1, No. 5. (15 November 2007), pp. 578-591. 2008-01-25T07:15:50-00:00 2007 Cell Stem Cell 1 5 578 591 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/rodney/article/2274233 <i>Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 88, No. 2. (2006), 023901.</i><br /><br />  Optically driven bacterial screw of Archimedes JR Robbins DA Tierney H Schmitzer Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 88, No. 2. (2006), 023901. 2008-01-22T14:43:23-00:00 2006 Applied Physics Letters 88 2 023901 AIP archimedes bacteria helix optical screw torque http://www.citeulike.org/user/austin/article/2216161 <i>Cell, Vol. 45, No. 2. (25 April 1986), pp. 167-176.</i><br /><br />Oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis has been used to alter highly conserved sequences within the intervening sequence (IVS) of the Tetrahymena large ribosomal RNA precursor. Mutations within either sequence element 9L or element 2 eliminate splicing activity under standard in vitro splicing conditions. A double mutant with compensatory base changes in elements 9L and 2 has accurate splicing activity restored. Thus, the targeted nucleotides of elements 9L and 2 base-pair with one another in the IVS RNA, and pairing is important for self-splicing. Mutant splicing activities are restored by increased magnesium ion concentrations, supporting the conclusion that the role of the targeted bases in splicing is primarily structural. Based on the temperature dependence, we propose that a conformational switch involving pairing and unpairing of elements 9L and 2 is required for splicing. Role of conserved sequence elements 9L and 2 in self-splicing of the Tetrahymena ribosomal RNA precursor John Burke Kenneth Irvine Kotaro Kaneko Barbara Kerker Barbara Oettgen William Tierney Cynthia Williamson Arthur Zaug Thomas Cech doi:10.1016/0092-8674(86)90380-6 Cell, Vol. 45, No. 2. (25 April 1986), pp. 167-176. 2008-01-10T20:53:11-00:00 1986 Cell 45 2 167 176 conserved mutagenesis ribozyme sequence tetrahymena http://www.citeulike.org/group/3275/article/1370897 <i>Trials, Vol. 8 (07 June 2007), 16.</i> Practical methods for incorporating summary time-to-event data into meta-analysis Jayne Tierney Lesley Stewart Davina Ghersi Sarah Burdett Matthew Sydes doi:10.1186/1745-6215-8-16 Trials, Vol. 8 (07 June 2007), 16. 2007-06-07T16:28:04-00:00 2007 Trials 1745-6215 8 16 meta-analysis time-to-event-data http://www.citeulike.org/user/austin987/article/1914455 <i>Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 81, No. 393. (March 1986), pp. 82-86.</i><br /><br />This article describes approximations to the posterior means and variances of positive functions of a real or vector-valued parameter, and to the marginal posterior densities of arbitrary (i.e., not necessarily positive) parameters. These approximations can also be used to compute approximate predictive densities. To apply the proposed method, one only needs to be able to maximize slightly modified likelihood functions and to evaluate the observed information at the maxima. Nevertheless, the resulting approximations are generally as accurate and in some cases more accurate than approximations based on third-order expansions of the likelihood and requiring the evaluation of third derivatives. The approximate marginal posterior densities behave very much like saddle-point approximations for sampling distributions. The principal regularity condition required is that the likelihood times prior be unimodal. Accurate Approximations for Posterior Moments and Marginal Densities Luke Tierney Joseph Kadane Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 81, No. 393. (March 1986), pp. 82-86. 2007-11-14T15:18:25-00:00 1986 Journal of the American Statistical Association 81 393 82 86 bayes http://www.citeulike.org/user/scorreia_pro/article/1848754 <i>(2002)</i><br /><br />Large distributed systems such as Computational and Data Grids require that a substantial amount of monitoring data be collected for various tasks such as fault detection, performance analysis, performance tuning, performance prediction, and scheduling. Some tools are currently available and others are being developed for collecting and forwarding this data. The goal of this paper is to describe the major components of a Grid monitoring architecture and their essential interactions. By adopting ... A grid monitoring architecture B Tierney R Aydt D Gunter W Smith V Taylor R Wolski M Swany (2002) 2007-10-31T22:44:17-00:00 2002 grid http://www.citeulike.org/user/sbartholo/article/1847958 <i>Nursing Times Research, Vol. 3, No. 4. (1 January 1998), pp. 303-312.</i><br /><br />The following is the opening address given by Professor Alison Tierney at the Royal College of Nursing's International Nursing Research Conference held at Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh, on April 3, 1998 10.1177/174498719800300412 The leading edge in nursing research Alison Tierney doi:10.1177/174498719800300412 Nursing Times Research, Vol. 3, No. 4. (1 January 1998), pp. 303-312. 2007-10-31T17:37:19-00:00 1998 Nursing Times Research 3 4 303 312 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/rvb/article/1690310 <i>Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology</i><br /><br />Abstract Background  In addition to the core symptoms, children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD) often exhibit other problem behaviors such as aggression, hyperactivity, and anxiety, which can contribute to overall impairment and, therefore, become the focus of clinical attention. Limited data are available on the prevalence of anxiety in these children. We examined frequency and correlates of parent-rated anxiety symptoms in a large sample of children with PDD. Methods  The goals of this study were to examine the frequency and correlates of parent-rated anxiety symptoms in a sample of 171 medication-free children with PDD who participated in two NIH-funded medication trials. Twenty items of the Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory (CASI) were used to measure anxiety. Results  Forty three percent of the total sample met screening cut-off criteria for at least one anxiety disorder. Higher levels of anxiety on the 20-item CASI scale were associated with higher IQ, the presence of functional language use, and with higher levels of stereotyped behaviors. In children with higher IQ, anxiety was also associated with greater impairment in social reciprocity. Conclusion  Anxiety is common in PDD and warrants consideration in clinical evaluation and treatment planning. This study suggests that parent ratings could be a useful source of information about anxiety symptoms in this population. Some anxiety symptoms such as phobic and social anxiety may be closer to core symptoms of PDD. Further efforts to validate tools to ascertain anxiety are needed, as are studies to empirically test approaches to treat anxiety in PDD. Parent-Rated Anxiety Symptoms in Children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders: Frequency and Association with Core Autism Symptoms and Cognitive Functioning Denis Sukhodolsky Lawrence Scahill Kenneth Gadow L Arnold Michael Aman Christopher Mcdougle James Mccracken Elaine Tierney Williams Luc Lecavalier Benedetto Vitiello doi:10.1007/s10802-007-9165-9 Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 2007-09-24T20:09:19-00:00 Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology anxiety autism http://www.citeulike.org/user/jyuh/article/1621780 <i>N Engl J Med, Vol. 338, No. 6. (5 February 1998), pp. 379-383.</i> Clinical problem-solving. A square peg in a round hole. S Saint S Saha LM Tierney N Engl J Med, Vol. 338, No. 6. (5 February 1998), pp. 379-383. 2007-09-05T05:00:43-00:00 1998 N Engl J Med 0028-4793 338 6 379 383 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/worx11/article/1583720 <i>Neurology, Vol. 59, No. 1. (9 July 2002), pp. 67-71.</i><br /><br />BACKGROUND: Hyperglycemia at the time of acute ischemic stroke has been linked to worse outcome in both human and animal studies. OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence and severity of hyperglycemia on hospital admission among acute ischemic stroke patients, to examine the independent relationship of admission hyperglycemia to all-cause mortality, and to document the inpatient management of hyperglycemia. METHODS: Patients hospitalized with acute ischemic stroke at one hospital from July 1993 to June 1998 (n = 656) were identified. Demographic data, diagnoses, and blood glucose (BG) values were retrieved from the electronic medical record system. Admission stroke severity, fingerstick BG results, and new diabetes diagnoses were obtained by chart review. Hyperglycemia was defined as admitting random serum BG > or = 130 mg/dL. Hazard ratios (HR) for 30-day, 1-year, and 6-year mortality were calculated using multivariable Cox regression models. RESULTS: Hyperglycemia at admission to hospital was present in 40% of patients with acute stroke. Patients with hyperglycemia were more often women and more likely to have prior diagnoses of diabetes and heart failure. Almost all of these patients remained hyperglycemic during their hospital stay (mean BG = 206 mg/dL), and 43% received no inpatient hypoglycemic drugs. Hyperglycemic patients had longer hospital stay (7 vs 6 days, p = 0.015) and higher inpatient hospital charges ($6,611 vs $5,262, p < 0.001). Hyperglycemia independently increased the risk for death at 30 days (HR 1.87, p < or = 0.01), 1 year (HR 1.75, p < or = 0.01), and 6 years after stroke (HR 1.41, p </= 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Admitting hyperglycemia was common among patients with acute ischemic stroke and was associated with increased short- and long-term mortality and with increased inpatient charges. Inpatient blood glucose management was suboptimal in this hospital. A trial of intensive treatment of hyperglycemia should be considered. Effects of admission hyperglycemia on mortality and costs in acute ischemic stroke. LS Williams J Rotich R Qi N Fineberg A Espay A Bruno SE Fineberg WR Tierney Neurology, Vol. 59, No. 1. (9 July 2002), pp. 67-71. 2007-08-22T17:19:51-00:00 2002 Neurology 0028-3878 59 1 67 71 diabetes economic me http://www.citeulike.org/user/jyuh/article/691320 <i>Am Fam Physician, Vol. 69, No. 11. (1 June 2004), pp. 2599-2606.</i><br /><br />Hemolysis presents as acute or chronic anemia, reticulocytosis, or jaundice. The diagnosis is established by reticulocytosis, increased unconjugated bilirubin and lactate dehydrogenase, decreased haptoglobin, and peripheral blood smear findings. Premature destruction of erythrocytes occurs intravascularly or extravascularly. The etiologies of hemolysis often are categorized as acquired or hereditary. Common acquired causes of hemolytic anemia are autoimmunity, microangiopathy, and infection. Immune-mediated hemolysis, caused by antierythrocyte antibodies, can be secondary to malignancies, autoimmune disorders, drugs, and transfusion reactions. Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia occurs when the red cell membrane is damaged in circulation, leading to intravascular hemolysis and the appearance of schistocytes. Infectious agents such as malaria and babesiosis invade red blood cells. Disorders of red blood cell enzymes, membranes, and hemoglobin cause hereditary hemolytic anemias. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency leads to hemolysis in the presence of oxidative stress. Hereditary spherocytosis is characterized by spherocytes, a family history, and a negative direct antiglobulin test. Sickle cell anemia and thalassemia are hemoglobinopathies characterized by chronic hemolysis. Hemolytic anemia. G Dhaliwal PA Cornett LM Tierney Am Fam Physician, Vol. 69, No. 11. (1 June 2004), pp. 2599-2606. 2006-06-09T17:24:06-00:00 2004 Am Fam Physician 0002-838X 69 11 2599 2606 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/jyuh/article/1510799 <i>Diabetes Care, Vol. 29, No. 8. (August 2006), pp. 1733-1738.</i><br /><br />OBJECTIVE: We examined factors associated with screening for albuminuria and initiation of ACE inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) treatment in diabetic patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted surveys and medical record reviews for 5,378 patients participating in a study of diabetes care in managed care at baseline (2000-2001) and follow-up (2002-2003). Factors associated with testing for albuminuria were examined in cross-sectional analysis at baseline. Factors associated with initiating ACE inhibitor/ARB therapy were determined prospectively. RESULTS: At baseline, 52% of patients not receiving ACE inhibitor/ARB therapy and without known diabetic kidney disease (DKD) were screened for albuminuria. Patients > or =65 years of age, those with higher HbA(1c), those with cardiovascular disease (CVD), and those without hyperlipidemia were less likely to be screened. Of the patients with positive screening tests, 47% began ACE inhibitor/ARB therapy. Initiation of therapy was associated with positive screening test results, BMI > or =25 kg/m(2), treatment with insulin or oral antidiabetic agents, peripheral neuropathy, systolic blood pressure > or =140 mmHg, and CVD. Of the patients receiving ACE inhibitor/ARB therapy or with known DKD, 63% were tested for albuminuria. CONCLUSIONS: Screening for albuminuria was inadequate, especially in older patients or those with competing medical concerns. The value of screening could be increased if more patients with positive screening tests initiated ACE inhibitor/ARB therapy. The efficiency of screening could be improved by limiting screening to diabetic patients not receiving ACE inhibitor/ARB therapy and without known DKD. Who is tested for diabetic kidney disease and who initiates treatment? The Translating Research Into Action For Diabetes (TRIAD) Study. SL Johnson EF Tierney KU Onyemere CW Tseng MM Safford AJ Karter A Ferrara OK Duru AF Brown KM Narayan TJ Thompson WH Herman doi:10.2337/dc06-0260 Diabetes Care, Vol. 29, No. 8. (August 2006), pp. 1733-1738. 2007-07-29T01:55:25-00:00 2006 Diabetes Care 0149-5992 29 8 1733 1738 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/mavdzee/article/1506219 <i>(1998)</i> The NetLogger Methodology for High Performance Distributed Systems Performance Analysis Brian Tierney William Johnston Brian Crowley Gary Hoo Chris Brooks Dan Gunter (1998) 2007-07-27T07:17:24-00:00 1998 IEEE Computer Society relatedwork http://www.citeulike.org/user/ggorjan/article/432149 <i>The Annals of Statistics, Vol. 22, No. 4. (1994), pp. 1701-1728.</i><br /><br />Several Markov chain methods are available for sampling from a posterior distribution. Two important examples are the Gibbs sampler and the Metropolis algorithm. In addition, several strategies are available for constructing hybrid algorithms. This paper outlines some of the basic methods and strategies and discusses some related theoretical and practical issues. On the theoretical side, results from the theory of general state space Markov chains can be used to obtain convergence rates, laws of large numbers and central limit theorems for estimates obtained from Markov chain methods. These theoretical results can be used to guide the construction of more efficient algorithms. For the practical use of Markov chain methods, standard simulation methodology provides several variance reduction techniques and also give guidance on the choice of sample size and allocation. Markov Chains for Exploring Posterior Distributions Luke Tierney The Annals of Statistics, Vol. 22, No. 4. (1994), pp. 1701-1728. 2005-12-09T20:08:45-00:00 1994 The Annals of Statistics 22 4 1701 1728 mcmc http://www.citeulike.org/user/rhgg2/article/1284940 <i>(1970), pp. 56-99.</i> Iterated cotriples H Applegate M Tierney (1970), pp. 56-99. 2007-05-09T10:06:04-00:00 1970 56 99 Springer no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/tunheim/article/1141973 <i>Tetrahedron, Vol. 57, No. 45. (5 November 2001), pp. 9225-9283.</i> Microwave assisted organic synthesis--a review Pelle Lidstrom Jason Tierney Bernard Wathey Jacob Westman doi:10.1016/S0040-4020(01)00906-1 Tetrahedron, Vol. 57, No. 45. (5 November 2001), pp. 9225-9283. 2007-03-05T16:59:01-00:00 2001 Tetrahedron 57 45 9225 9283 microwaves thesis http://www.citeulike.org/user/mdn/article/1091066 <i>J Pediatr Surg, Vol. 33, No. 9. (September 1998), pp. 1331-1337.</i><br /><br />BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the evolving outcome of newborns who have congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) using a protocolized approach to management, which includes extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and to present the details of such a management protocol. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted of the neonatal outcome of near-term (>34 weeks' gestation) newborns with CDH all referred to the Royal Alexandra Hospital either before or after delivery. A protocol was developed that included antenatal assessment, the use of antenatal steroids, planned delivery, use of prophylactic surfactant, pressure limited gentle ventilation, permissive hypercarbia and hypoxia, and venovenous ECMO, if indicated. RESULTS: Sixty-five infants with CDH were treated from February 1989 through August 1996. Twenty-three infants were inborn, 20 of whom were antenatal referrals. Overall, 51 of the 65 infants survived (78%). Thirteen of the 23 inborn infants survived with conservative management, and 10 required ECMO, of whom, eight were long-term survivors. Thirty-eight infants required ECMO, and 26 survived (68%), whereas there were only two deaths among the 27 conservatively treated infants. Eighteen of 20 inborn infants with an antenatal diagnosis survived, compared with 13 of 21 (62%) outborn infants. An antenatal diagnosis before 25 weeks' gestation was associated with a 60% survival rate. Sixty-three percent of infants whose best postductal PaO2 value before ECMO was less than 100 torr survived, and 7 of 11 infants with a best postductal PaO2 value of less than 50 torr before ECMO survived (64%). The average age at surgery progressively increased over time both for infants who did not require ECMO (1.3 days to 5.8 days; P = .01) and for infants who received ECMO (1.9 days to 8.2 days; P = .016). CONCLUSIONS: The use of a protocolized management for infants with CDH has been associated with improving outcome in a population at high risk. The components (either separately or combined) of these protocolized approaches need to be tested in prospective trials to determine their true benefit. In addition, there is a need to evaluate prospectively the outcomes of infants with CDH born in ECMO centers compared with those infants born in other tertiary care neonatal units to determine the most appropriate management of the fetus with CDH. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: developing a protocolized approach. NN Finer A Tierney PC Etches A Peliowski W Ainsworth J Pediatr Surg, Vol. 33, No. 9. (September 1998), pp. 1331-1337. 2007-02-06T20:11:03-00:00 1998 J Pediatr Surg 0022-3468 33 9 1331 1337 cdh congenital diaphragmatic hernia http://www.citeulike.org/user/becarmson/article/920097 <i>Vaccine, Vol. 24, No. 15. (5 April 2006), pp. 2850-2859.</i><br /><br />Heterologous prime-boost immunisation with RTS,S/AS02A and the poxvirus MVA-CS was evaluated in 18 healthy malaria-naïve subjects in Oxford. Both priming with RTS,S and boosting MVA-CS, and the reverse, were found to be safe and well tolerated. T cell responses as measured by IFN-gamma ex vivo ELISPOT were induced, but the responses were low to moderate in both groups, with heterologous boosting yielding only small increments in T cell immunogenicity and no increased antibody response. Protection against 3D7 Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite challenge 4 weeks after the final vaccination was equal for both regimens at 33% (95% C.I. 4.3-77.7%), with one subject remaining fully protected on rechallenge at 5 months. A clinical trial of prime-boost immunisation with the candidate malaria vaccines RTS,S/AS02A and MVA-CS. SJ Dunachie M Walther JM Vuola DP Webster SM Keating T Berthoud L Andrews P Bejon I Poulton G Butcher K Watkins RE Sinden A Leach P Moris N Tornieporth J Schneider F Dubovsky E Tierney J Williams D Gray Heppner SC Gilbert J Cohen AV Hill doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.12.041 Vaccine, Vol. 24, No. 15. (5 April 2006), pp. 2850-2859. 2006-10-31T11:35:47-00:00 2006 Vaccine 0264-410X 24 15 2850 2859 vaccine http://www.citeulike.org/user/anthonares/article/919292 <i>Biogeochemistry, Vol. 56, No. 2. (2001), pp. 151-174.</i><br /><br />Climate change will likely result in warmer winter temperatures leading to less snowfall in temperate forests. These changes may lead to increases in soil freezing because of lack of an insulating snow cover and changes in soil water dynamics during the important snowmelt period. In this study, we manipulated snow depth by removing snow for two winters, simulating the late development of the snowpack as may occur with global warming, to explore the relationships between snow depth, soil freezing, soil moisture, and infiltration. We established four sites, each with two paired plots, at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (HBEF) in New Hampshire, U.S.A. and instrumented all eight plots with soil and snow thermistors, frost tubes, soil moisture probes, and soil lysimeters. For two winters, we removed snow from the designated treatment plots until February. Snow in the reference plots was undisturbed. The treatment winters (1997/1998 and 1998/1999) were relatively mild, with temperatures above the seasonal norm and snow depths below average. Results show the treated plots accumulated significantly less snow and had more extensive soil frost than reference plots. Snow depth was a strong regulator of soil temperature and frost depth at all sites. Soil moisture measured by time domain reflectometry probes and leaching volumes collected in lysimeters were lower in the treatment plots in March and April compared to the rest of the year. The ratio of leachate volumes collected in the treatment plots to that in the reference plots decreased as the snow ablation seasons progressed. Our data show that even mild winters with low snowfall, simulated by snow removal, will result in increased soil freezing in the forests at the HBEF. Our results suggest that a climate shift toward less snowfall or a shorter duration of snow on the ground will produce increases in soil freezing in northern hardwood forests. Increases in soil freezing will have implications for changes in soil biogeochemical processes. Snow Depth Manipulation and Its Influence on Soil Frost and Water Dynamics in a Northern Hardwood Forest Janet Hardy Peter Groffman Ross Fitzhugh Karen Henry Adam Welman Jason Demers Timothy Fahey Charles Driscoll Geraldine Tierney Scott Nolan Biogeochemistry, Vol. 56, No. 2. (2001), pp. 151-174. 2006-10-30T20:02:17-00:00 2001 Biogeochemistry 56 2 151 174 freezing hydrology snow soil http://www.citeulike.org/user/brian/article/847989 <i>J Athl Train, Vol. 40, No. 4. (c 2005), pp. 310-319.</i><br /><br />CONTEXT: Cervical resistance training has been purported to aid in reducing the severity of brain injuries in athletes. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of an 8-week resistance-training program on head-neck segment dynamic stabilization in male and female collegiate soccer players. DESIGN: Pretest and posttest control group design. SETTING: University research laboratory and fitness center. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-six National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I collegiate soccer players (17 men, 19 women). INTERVENTION(S): The resistance training group underwent an 8-week cervical resistance training program that consisted of 3 sets of 10 repetitions of neck flexion and extension at 55% to 70% of their 10-repetition maximum 2 times a week. Participants in the control group performed no cervical resistance exercises. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Head-neck segment kinematics and stiffness, electromyographic activity of the upper trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles during force application to the head, and neck flexor and extensor isometric strength. RESULTS: No kinematic, electromyographic, or stiffness training effects were seen. The posttest resistance training group isometric neck flexor strength was 15% greater than the pretest measurement. Isometric neck extensor strength in the female resistance training group was 22.5% greater at the posttest than at the pretest. Women's neck girth increased 3.4% over time regardless of training group level. Women exhibited 7% less head-neck segment length and 26% less head-neck segment mass than men. CONCLUSIONS: Despite increases in isometric strength and girth, the 8-week isotonic cervical resistance training did not enhance head-neck segment dynamic stabilization during force application in collegiate soccer players. Future researchers should examine the effect of head-neck segment training protocols that include traditional and neuromuscular activities (eg, plyometrics) with the focus of reducing head acceleration on force application. Resistance training and head-neck segment dynamic stabilization in male and female collegiate soccer players. J Mansell RT Tierney MR Sitler KA Swanik D Stearne J Athl Train, Vol. 40, No. 4. (c 2005), pp. 310-319. 2006-09-17T15:11:56-00:00 2005 J Athl Train 1062-6050 40 4 310 319 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/readinglist/article/117737 <i>Health Services Research, Vol. 40, No. 2. (April 2005), pp. 477-498.</i> Can Computer-Generated Evidence-Based Care Suggestions Enhance Evidence-Based Management of Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease? A Randomized, Controlled Trial M Tierney Overhage Marc D Murray E Harris Zhou Xiao-Hua J Eckert E Smith Nienaber Nancy J Mcdonald D Wolinsky doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2005.00368.x Health Services Research, Vol. 40, No. 2. (April 2005), pp. 477-498. 2005-03-09T12:53:33-00:00 2005 Health Services Research 0017-9124 40 2 477 498 Blackwell Publishing asthma http://www.citeulike.org/user/danielmcintosh/article/12281 <i>Security Studies, Vol. 13, No. 2., 350.</i> Essence of Victory: Dominic Johnson Dominic Tierney doi:10.1080/09636410490521190 Security Studies, Vol. 13, No. 2., 350. 2004-12-28T15:51:28-00:00 Security Studies 0963-6412 13 2 350 Frank Cass Publishers, part of the Taylor & Francis Group no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/ccasanet/article/558555 <i>J Am Med Inform Assoc (24 February 2006)</i><br /><br />Providing quality health care requires access to continuous patient data which developing countries often lack. A panel of medical informatics specialists, HIV clinicians, and program managers suggests a minimum dataset for supporting the management and monitoring HIV patients with HIV and their care programs in developing countries. The proposed minimum dataset consists of data for registration and scheduling, monitoring and improving practice management, and describing clinical encounters and clinical care. Data should be numeric or coded using standard definitions and minimal free text. To enhance accuracy, efficiency, and availability, data should be recorded electronically by those generating them. Data elements must be sufficiently detailed to support clinical algorithms/guidelines and aggregation into broader categories for consumption by higher level users (e.g., national and international health care agencies). The proposed minimum dataset will evolve over time as funding increases, care protocols change, and additional tests and treatments become available for HIV-infected patients in developing countries. Viewpoint: A Pragmatic Approach to Constructing a Minimum Dataset for Care of Patients with HIV in Developing Countries. William M Tierney Eduard J Beck Reed M Gardner Beverly Musick Mark Shields Naomi M Shiyonga Mark H Spohr doi:10.1197/jamia.M2005 J Am Med Inform Assoc (24 February 2006) 2006-03-21T13:44:31-00:00 2006 J Am Med Inform Assoc 1067-5027 dataset hiv http://www.citeulike.org/user/dimka/article/449845 <i>Biophys J, Vol. 89, No. 4. (October 2005), pp. 2481-2493.</i><br /><br />Giant vesicles formed of 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and sterols (cholesterol or ergosterol) in water and water/ethanol solutions have been used to examine the effect of sterol composition and ethanol concentration on the area compressibility modulus (K(a)), overall mechanical behavior, vesicle morphology, and induction of lipid alkyl chain interdigitation. Our results from micropipette aspiration suggest that cholesterol and ergosterol impact the order and microstructure of the gel (L(beta)') phase DPPC membrane. At low concentration (10-15 mol%) these sterols disrupt the long-range lateral order and fluidize the membrane (K(a) approximately 300 mN/m). Then at 18 mol%, these sterols participate in the formation of a continuous cohesive liquid-ordered (L(o)) phase with a sterol-dependent membrane density (K(a) approximately 750 for DPPC/ergosterol and K(a) approximately 1100 mN/m for DPPC/cholesterol). Finally at approximately 40 mol% both cholesterol and ergosterol impart similar condensation to the membrane (K(a) approximately 1200 mN/m). Introduction of ethanol (5-25 vol%) results in drops in the magnitude of K(a), which can be substantial, and sometimes individual vesicles with lowered K(a) reveal two slopes of tension versus apparent area strain. We postulate that this behavior represents disruption of lipid-sterol intermolecular interactions and therefore the membrane becomes interdigitation prone. We find that for DPPC vesicles with sterol concentrations of 20-25 mol%, significantly more ethanol is required to induce interdigitation compared to pure DPPC vesicles; approximately 7 vol% more for ergosterol and approximately 10 vol% more for cholesterol. For lower sterol concentrations (10-15 mol%), interdigitation is offset, but by <5 vol%. These data support the idea that ergosterol and cholesterol do enhance survivability for cells exposed to high concentrations of ethanol and provide evidence that the appearance of the interdigitated (L(beta)I) phase bilayer is a major factor in the disruption of cellular activity, which typically occurs between approximately 12 and approximately 16 vol% ethanol in yeast fermentations. We summarize our findings by producing, for the first time, "elasticity/phase diagrams" over a wide range of sterol (cholesterol and ergosterol) and ethanol concentrations. Elasticity and phase behavior of DPPC membrane modulated by cholesterol, ergosterol, and ethanol. KJ Tierney DE Block ML Longo doi:10.1529/biophysj.104.057943 Biophys J, Vol. 89, No. 4. (October 2005), pp. 2481-2493. 2005-12-25T22:30:01-00:00 2005 Biophys J 0006-3495 89 4 2481 2493 cholesterol dppc elasticity ergosterol ethanol membrane phase http://www.citeulike.org/user/jdexheimer/article/351026 <i>Pediatrics, Vol. 112, No. 5. (November 2003), pp. 1076-1082.</i><br /><br />OBJECTIVE: Strong scientific evidence and national recommendations support the use of reminder and recall messages to improve immunization coverage rates, yet reports have suggested that only a minority of pediatric practices use such messages. Our aims were to 1) determine the proportions of pediatric practices and public clinics that currently use practice-based reminder or recall messages and routinely undergo immunization assessment efforts, 2) evaluate barriers and supports to implementing these practices, and 3) identify predictors of either current use or plans for future adoption of these practices. METHODS: This study combined qualitative and quantitative methods in sequential phases. In the qualitative phase, we conducted semistructured, open-ended interviews with a convenience sample of 18 clinician-administrators representing adopters and nonadopters of these messages in both private practices and public health clinics. In the subsequent quantitative phase, we mailed a structured, closed-ended survey to national samples of randomly selected pediatricians (n = 600) and public clinics (n = 600). RESULTS: Response rates were 75% for pediatricians and 77% for public clinics. Among pediatricians, 38% were conducting regular assessments of immunization coverage but only 16% were currently using routine reminder or recall messages. Among public clinics, 85% were conducting regular assessments and 51% were using reminder or recall messages. Among pediatricians' practices, the most commonly reported barriers to the adoption of reminder or recall messages were lack of time and funding and the inability to identify children at specified ages. For pediatricians' practices, the strongest predictors of current use of reminder or recall messages were having a champion who led efforts to improve immunization delivery (odds ratio: 1.85; 95% confidence interval: 1.08-3.18) and current use of regular immunization assessments (odds ratio: 2.30; 95% confidence interval: 1.33-3.84). Likewise, for public health clinics, having a champion to lead immunization improvement efforts and believing that their current system needed improvement was associated with current use of reminder or recall messages. CONCLUSIONS: Reminder and recall messages remain underused by both pediatricians and public health clinics. Promising strategies to promote adoption of these approaches in both the private and the public sectors include identifying and training champions to promote immunization delivery improvement efforts and helping practices develop methods to identify children at specific ages. Adoption of reminder and recall messages for immunizations by pediatricians and public health clinics. CD Tierney H Yusuf SR McMahon D Rusinak MA O' Brien MS Massoudi TA Lieu Pediatrics, Vol. 112, No. 5. (November 2003), pp. 1076-1082. 2005-10-14T15:11:48-00:00 2003 Pediatrics 1098-4275 112 5 1076 1082 vaccine http://www.citeulike.org/user/jdexheimer/article/350096 <i>Arch Intern Med, Vol. 156, No. 14. (22 July 1996), pp. 1551-1556.</i><br /><br />BACKGROUND: Hospitalizations are an opportunity to provide preventive care. OBJECTIVE: To determine if computer reminders, which we have shown to be effective in our ambulatory care setting, increasing the provision of inpatient preventive care. METHODS: Randomized, controlled trial on the general medicine inpatient service of an urban, university-affiliated public hospital. Study subjects were 78 house staff rotating on the 6 general medicine services. The intervention was reminders to physicians printed on daily rounds reports about preventive care for which their patients were eligible, and suggested orders for preventive care provided through the physicians' workstations. The preventive care guidelines were derived from the US Preventive Care Task Force recommendations. Compliance with preventive care guidelines and house staff attitudes toward providing preventive care to hospitalized patients were the main outcome measures. RESULTS: No significant differences were seen between intervention and control physicians in compliance with preventive care guidelines in the aggregate or when individual preventive care actions individual preventive care actions were analyzed. This was true even though most physicians endorsed providing most kinds of preventive care for hospitalized patients. CONCLUSIONS: Despite past success in increasing preventive care in the outpatient setting, we were unable, using a moderately intensive intervention, to increase the provision of preventive care during hospitalizations. The physicians providing care during the hospitalization were not the patients' primary care physicians, which proved to be an important barrier. More intensive interventions, or more direct linkages between inpatient and outpatient care providers, may be required to overcome this resistance. Computer reminders to implement preventive care guidelines for hospitalized patients. JM Overhage WM Tierney CJ McDonald Arch Intern Med, Vol. 156, No. 14. (22 July 1996), pp. 1551-1556. 2005-10-13T23:06:14-00:00 1996 Arch Intern Med 0003-9926 156 14 1551 1556 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/jdexheimer/article/350090 <i>J Am Med Inform Assoc, Vol. 4, No. 5. (t 1997), pp. 364-375.</i><br /><br />OBJECTIVE: Errors of omission are a common cause of systems failures. Physicians often fail to order tests or treatments needed to monitor/ameliorate the effects of other tests or treatments. The authors hypothesized that automated, guideline-based reminders to physicians, provided as they wrote orders, could reduce these omissions. DESIGN: The study was performed on the inpatient general medicine ward of a public teaching hospital. Faculty and housestaff from the Indiana University School of Medicine, who used computer workstations to write orders, were randomized to intervention and control groups. As intervention physicians wrote orders for 1 of 87 selected tests or treatments, the computer suggested corollary orders needed to detect or ameliorate adverse reactions to the trigger orders. The physicians could accept or reject these suggestions. RESULTS: During the 6-month trial, reminders about corollary orders were presented to 48 intervention physicians and withheld from 41 control physicians. Intervention physicians ordered the suggested corollary orders in 46.3% of instances when they received a reminder, compared with 21.9% compliance by control physicians (p < 0.0001). Physicians discriminated in their acceptance of suggested orders, readily accepting some while rejecting others. There were one third fewer interventions initiated by pharmacists with physicians in the intervention than control groups. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that physician workstations, linked to a comprehensive electronic medical record, can be an efficient means for decreasing errors of omissions and improving adherence to practice guidelines. A randomized trial of "corollary orders" to prevent errors of omission. JM Overhage WM Tierney XH Zhou CJ McDonald J Am Med Inform Assoc, Vol. 4, No. 5. (t 1997), pp. 364-375. 2005-10-13T23:03:35-00:00 1997 J Am Med Inform Assoc 1067-5027 4 5 364 375 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/jdexheimer/article/349656 <i>Proc Annu Symp Comput Appl Med Care (1995), pp. 178-182.</i><br /><br />We have extended the CARE language to facilitate interaction with providers using the Medical Gopher order entry system during patient care to create G-CARE. We have used G-CARE in several randomized controlled trials and for routine clinical applications. The language has evolved and is now able to support nearly all of the decision support. Its flexibility allows G-CARE results to be used at many points throughout the patient care process. Based on actual use of G-CARE, we have found performance issues and lack of dynamically grouped order sets are limitations which need to be addressed. A tool for provider interaction during patient care: G-CARE. JM Overhage B Mamlin J Warvel J Warvel W Tierney CJ McDonald Proc Annu Symp Comput Appl Med Care (1995), pp. 178-182. 2005-10-13T00:58:48-00:00 1995 Proc Annu Symp Comput Appl Med Care 0195-4210 178 182 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/jdexheimer/article/349653 <i>West J Med, Vol. 145, No. 6. (December 1986), pp. 823-829.</i> The Medical Gopher--a microcomputer system to help find, organize and decide about patient data. CJ McDonald WM Tierney West J Med, Vol. 145, No. 6. (December 1986), pp. 823-829. 2005-10-13T00:56:24-00:00 1986 West J Med 0093-0415 145 6 823 829 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/jdexheimer/article/349652 <i>Int J Med Inform, Vol. 54, No. 3. (June 1999), pp. 225-253.</i><br /><br />Entrusted with the records for more than 1.5 million patients, the Regenstrief Medical Record System (RMRS) has evolved into a fast and comprehensive data repository used extensively at three hospitals on the Indiana University Medical Center campus and more than 30 Indianapolis clinics. The RMRS routinely captures laboratory results, narrative reports, orders, medications, radiology reports, registration information, nursing assessments, vital signs, EKGs and other clinical data. In this paper, we describe the RMRS data model, file structures and architecture, as well as recent necessary changes to these as we coordinate a collaborative effort among all major Indianapolis hospital systems, improving patient care by capturing city-wide laboratory and encounter data. We believe that our success represents persistent efforts to build interfaces directly to multiple independent instruments and other data collection systems, using medical standards such as HL7, LOINC, and DICOM. Inpatient and outpatient order entry systems, instruments for visit notes and on-line questionnaires that replace hardcopy forms, and intelligent use of coded data entry supplement the RMRS. Physicians happily enter orders, problems, allergies, visit notes, and discharge summaries into our locally developed Gopher order entry system, as we provide them with convenient output forms, choice lists, defaults, templates, reminders, drug interaction information, charge information, and on-line articles and textbooks. To prepare for the future, we have begun wrapping our system in Web browser technology, testing voice dictation and understanding, and employing wireless technology. The Regenstrief Medical Record System: a quarter century experience. CJ McDonald JM Overhage WM Tierney PR Dexter DK Martin JG Suico A Zafar G Schadow L Blevins T Glazener J Meeks-Johnson L Lemmon J Warvel B Porterfield J Warvel P Cassidy D Lindbergh A Belsito M Tucker B Williams C Wodniak Int J Med Inform, Vol. 54, No. 3. (June 1999), pp. 225-253. 2005-10-13T00:56:01-00:00 1999 Int J Med Inform 1386-5056 54 3 225 253 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/jdexheimer/article/349421 <i>J Gen Intern Med, Vol. 8, No. 6. (June 1993), pp. 311-317.</i><br /><br />OBJECTIVE: To improve compliance with computer-generated reminders to perform fecal occult blood testing (FOBT), mammography, and cervical Papanicolaou (Pap) testing. DESIGN: Six-month prospective, randomized, controlled trial. SETTING: Academic primary care general internal medicine practice. SUBJECTS: Thirty-one general internal medicine faculty, 145 residents, and 5,407 patients with scheduled visits who were eligible for any of the three cancer screening protocols. INTERVENTION: Primary care teams of internal medicine residents and faculty received either routine computer reminders (control) or the same remainders to which they were required to circle one of four responses: 1) "done/order today," 2) "not applicable to this patient," 3) "patient refused," or 4) "next visit." RESULTS: Intervention physicians complied more frequently than control physicians with all remainders combined (46% vs 38%, respectively, p = 0.002) and separately with remainders for FOBT (61% vs 49%, p = 0.0007) and mammography (54% vs 47%, p = 0.036) but not cervical Pap testing (21% vs 18%, p = 0.2). Intervention residents responded significantly more often than control residents to all reminders together and separately to reminders for FOBT and mammography but not Pap testing. There was no significant difference between intervention and control faculty, but the compliance rate for control faculty was significantly higher than the rate for control residents for all reminders together and separately for FOBT but not mammography or Pap testing. The intervention's effect was greatest for patients > or = 70 years old, with significant results for all tests, together and singly, for residents but not faculty. Intervention physicians felt that the reminders were not applicable 21% of the time (due to inadequate data in patient's electronic medical records) and stated that their patients refused 10% of the time. CONCLUSIONS: Requiring physicians to respond to computer-generated reminders improved their compliance with preventive care protocols, especially for elderly patients for whom control physicians' compliance was the lowest. However, 100% compliance with cancer screening remainders will be unattainable due to incomplete data and patient refusal. Requiring physicians to respond to computerized reminders improves their compliance with preventive care protocols. DK Litzelman RS Dittus ME Miller WM Tierney J Gen Intern Med, Vol. 8, No. 6. (June 1993), pp. 311-317. 2005-10-12T19:40:25-00:00 1993 J Gen Intern Med 0884-8734 8 6 311 317 literature preventivemedicine review http://www.citeulike.org/user/jdexheimer/article/349395 <i>Ann Intern Med, Vol. 100, No. 1. (January 1984), pp. 130-138.</i><br /><br />We developed a computer-stored medical record system containing a limited set of the total clinical data base--primarily diagnostic studies and treatments. This system responds to its own content according to physician-authored reminder rules. To determine the effect of the reminder messages generated by 1490 rules on physician behavior, we randomly assigned practitioners in a general medicine clinic to study or control groups. The computer found indications for six different actions per patient in 12 467 patients during a 2-year study: 61 study group residents who received computer reminders responded to 49% of these indications; 54 control group residents, to only 29% (p less than 0.0001). Preventive care (occult blood testing, mammographic screening, weight reduction diets, influenza and pneumococcal vaccines) was affected. The intentions of the study group to use a given action for an indication predicted their response to the indications (p less than 0.03, r2 = 0.33). The intentions of the control residents did not. Reminders to physicians from an introspective computer medical record. A two-year randomized trial. CJ McDonald SL Hui DM Smith WM Tierney SJ Cohen M Weinberger GP McCabe Ann Intern Med, Vol. 100, No. 1. (January 1984), pp. 130-138. 2005-10-12T19:19:40-00:00 1984 Ann Intern Med 0003-4819 100 1 130 138 literature preventivemedicine review http://www.citeulike.org/user/jdexheimer/article/349388 <i>Pharmacotherapy, Vol. 24, No. 3. (March 2004), pp. 324-337.</i><br /><br />STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of evidence-based treatment suggestions for hypertension made to physicians and pharmacists using a comprehensive electronic medical record system. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial with a 2 x 2 factorial design of physician and pharmacist interventions, which resulted in four groups of patients: physician intervention only, pharmacist intervention only, intervention by physician and pharmacist, and intervention by neither physician nor pharmacist (control). SETTING: Academic primary care internal medicine practice. SUBJECTS: Seven hundred twelve patients with uncomplicated hypertension. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Suggestions were displayed to physicians on computer workstations used to write outpatient orders and to pharmacists when filling prescriptions. The primary end point was generic health-related quality of life. Secondary end points were symptom profile and side effects from antihypertensive drugs, number of emergency department visits and hospitalizations, blood pressure measurements, patient satisfaction with physicians and pharmacists, drug therapy compliance, and health care charges. In the control group, implementation of care changes in accordance with treatment suggestions was observed in 26% of patients. In the intervention groups, compliance with suggestions was poor, with treatment suggestions implemented in 25% of patients for whom suggestions were displayed only to pharmacists, 29% of those for whom suggestions were displayed only to physicians, and 35% of the group for whom both physicians and pharmacists received suggestions (p=0.13). Intergroup differences were neither statistically significant nor clinically relevant for generic health-related quality of life, symptom and side-effect profiles, number of emergency department visits and hospitalizations, blood pressure measurements, charges, or drug therapy compliance. CONCLUSION: Computer-based intervention using a sophisticated electronic physician order-entry system failed to improve compliance with treatment suggestions or outcomes of patients with uncomplicated hypertension. Failure of computerized treatment suggestions to improve health outcomes of outpatients with uncomplicated hypertension: results of a randomized controlled trial. MD Murray LE Harris JM Overhage XH Zhou GJ Eckert FE Smith NN Buchanan FD Wolinsky CJ McDonald WM Tierney Pharmacotherapy, Vol. 24, No. 3. (March 2004), pp. 324-337. 2005-10-12T19:16:56-00:00 2004 Pharmacotherapy 0277-0008 24 3 324 337 hypertension literature preventivemedicine review http://www.citeulike.org/user/jdexheimer/article/349357 <i>Med Care, Vol. 24, No. 8. (August 1986), pp. 659-666.</i><br /><br />In an academic general medicine clinic, we performed a randomized, controlled trial to compare (1) the effects of supplying monthly feedback reports of compliance with preventive care protocols by 135 internal medicine house staff with (2) the effects of specific reminders given to them at the time of patient visits. The protocols were randomly divided into two groups, A and B, and half the house staff were given feedback for Group A and half for Group B. Thus, each group served as a control for the other. Each feedback group was also randomly assigned to receive reminders for either Group A or B protocols. House staff receiving feedback more often complied with fecal occult blood testing, mammography, pneumococcal vaccination, use of metronidazole, and combined Group A and B protocols than did controls (P less than 0.01). There was also significantly more compliance with the same protocols by house staff receiving reminders, but the increase for fecal occult blood testing, pneumococcal vaccination, and combined Group A protocols was twice that seen in physicians given feedback alone. In addition, reminders alone increased compliance with oral calcium supplementation. Overall compliance with the preventive care protocols was low: 10-15% in physicians receiving neither feedback nor reminders, increasing to 15-30% in those receiving reminders. Physician compliance with suggested preventive care protocols can be increased by both delayed feedback and immediate reminders, but reminders have a greater effect. Delayed feedback of physician performance versus immediate reminders to perform preventive care. Effects on physician compliance. WM Tierney SL Hui CJ McDonald Med Care, Vol. 24, No. 8. (August 1986), pp. 659-666. 2005-10-12T18:44:21-00:00 1986 Med Care 0025-7079 24 8 659 666 literature preventivemedicine review http://www.citeulike.org/user/rahul/article/279842 <i></i><br /><br />Developers and users of high-performance distributed systems often observe performance problems such as unexpectedly low throughput or high latency. Determining the source of the performance problems requires detailed end-to-end instrumentation of all components, including the applications, operating systems, hosts, and networks. In this paper we describe a methodology that enables the real-time diagnosis of performance problems in complex high-performance distributed systems. The... NetLogger: A Toolkit for Distributed System Performance Analysis D Gunter B Tierney B Crowley M Holding J Lee 2005-08-12T06:58:56-00:00 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/uhbnji98/article/259572 <i>N Engl J Med, Vol. 342, No. 1. (6 January 2000), pp. 37-40.</i> Clinical problem-solving. Impatient inpatient care. M Gulati S Saint LM Tierney N Engl J Med, Vol. 342, No. 1. (6 January 2000), pp. 37-40. 2005-07-19T17:41:21-00:00 2000 N Engl J Med 0028-4793 342 1 37 40 clinical problem solving http://www.citeulike.org/user/uhbnji98/article/259571 <i>N Engl J Med, Vol. 341, No. 10. (2 September 1999), pp. 747-750.</i> Clinical problem-solving. Back to the basics. DT Fisk S Saint LM Tierney N Engl J Med, Vol. 341, No. 10. (2 September 1999), pp. 747-750. 2005-07-19T17:38:31-00:00 1999 N Engl J Med 0028-4793 341 10 747 750 clinical problem solving http://www.citeulike.org/user/uhbnji98/article/259569 <i>N Engl J Med, Vol. 346, No. 23. (6 June 2002), pp. 1813-1816.</i> Clinical problem-solving. Diagnosis still in question. AK Jha HR Collard LM Tierney doi:10.1056/NEJMcps013038 N Engl J Med, Vol. 346, No. 23. (6 June 2002), pp. 1813-1816. 2005-07-19T17:37:08-00:00 2002 N Engl J Med 1533-4406 346 23 1813 1816 clinical problem solving http://www.citeulike.org/user/uhbnji98/article/256400 <i>N Engl J Med, Vol. 350, No. 6. (5 February 2004), pp. 599-603.</i> Clinical problem-solving. Occam's razor versus Saint's Triad. AA Hilliard SE Weinberger LM Tierney DE Midthun S Saint doi:10.1056/NEJMcps031794 N Engl J Med, Vol. 350, No. 6. (5 February 2004), pp. 599-603. 2005-07-15T01:23:25-00:00 2004 N Engl J Med 1533-4406 350 6 599 603 occams razaor saints triad