Thu, 07 Aug 2008 21:36:07 BST CiteULike: Tag knowledge http://www.citeulike.org/tag/knowledge CiteULike.org en-gb Copyright © 2004-2008 citeulike.org http://www.citeulike.org/user/zhuzhiming/article/748904 <i>Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 27, No. 8. (2006), pp. 701-719.</i><br /><br />This study examines the role of network knowledge resources in influencing firm performance. More specifically: Can a firm that uses the identical supplier network as competitors and purchases similar inputs from the same plants achieve a competitive advantage through that network? In a sample of U.S. automotive suppliers selling to both Toyota and U.S. automakers, we found that greater knowledge sharing on the part of Toyota resulted in a faster rate of learning within the suppliers' manufacturing operations devoted to Toyota. Indeed, from 1990 to 1996 suppliers reduced defects by 50 percent for Toyota vs. only 26 percent for their largest U.S. customer. The quality differences were found to persist within suppliers because the inter-organizational routines and policies at GM, Ford, and Chrysler acted as barriers to knowledge transfers within suppliers' plants. These findings empirically demonstrate that network resources have a significant influence on firm performance. We also show that some firm resources and capabilities are relation-specific and are not easily transferable (redeployable) to other buyers or networks. This result implies that a firm may be on its production possibility frontier for each customer but the productivity frontier will be different for each customer owing to constraints associated with the customer's network. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Relation-specific capabilities and barriers to knowledge transfers: creating advantage through network relationships Jeffrey Dyer Nile Hatch doi:10.1002/smj.543 Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 27, No. 8. (2006), pp. 701-719. 2006-07-10T07:47:18-00:00 2006 Strategic Management Journal 27 8 701 719 based capability dynamic knowledge http://www.citeulike.org/user/zenzenzen/article/914368 <i>Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Vol. 15, No. 8. (November 2006), pp. 777-799.</i> THE REVOLUTION WITHIN: ICT AND THE SHIFTING KNOWLEDGE BASE OF THE WORLD'S LARGEST COMPANIES Mendonaa Sandro doi:10.1080/10438590500510442 Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Vol. 15, No. 8. (November 2006), pp. 777-799. 2006-10-27T08:59:21-00:00 2006 Economics of Innovation and New Technology 1043-8599 15 8 777 799 Routledge, part of the Taylor & Francis Group base companies databases economics knowledge mathematics models http://www.citeulike.org/user/yuzhou/article/161928 <i>Web Information Systems Engineering, 2001. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on, Vol. 1 (2001), pp. 8-16 vol.1.</i><br /><br />We explore the use of a semantic model to support a group of strategic business analysts in their daily work. In particular, we present a set of modeling constructs for representing goals, events and actors that are relevant to the work of analysts. We also describe a qualitative goal analysis procedure which makes it possible to reason about a goal model under different assumptions. The paper also reports on an incremental document classification scheme that can be used to classify relevant documents with respect to the concepts constituting the semantic model. Semantic models for knowledge management R Jarvis G Mcarthur J Mylopoulos P Rodriguez-Gianolli Shun Zhou Web Information Systems Engineering, 2001. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on, Vol. 1 (2001), pp. 8-16 vol.1. 2005-04-15T17:02:17-00:00 2001 Web Information Systems Engineering, 2001. Proceedings of the Second International Conference on 1 8 16 vol.1 knowledge semantic http://www.citeulike.org/user/yiweicao/article/1651445 <i>Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, Vol. 11, No. 6. (2007), pp. 429-437.</i><br /><br />Abstract  Electronic tourist guide systems typically recommend locations and sometimes provide navigation information. However, previously such systems were rather naive about what constituted information close to and thus relevant for the user. In this paper we show how to exploit knowledge about features in the real world to compute whether an information resource concerns something that the user can probably see. At run-time, we can take a set of foci, that is 2D polygons to which data is attached, and then filter away those foci that are invisible because they are occluded by nearby buildings. This is performed with the awareness of the inconsistencies and lack of accuracy in both mapping technology and GPS positioning in urban spaces. We have also developed tools to upload geotagged photos and mark foci polygons on a map. Using visibility-filtered information, less cluttered maps can be provided, and the user experience enhanced through removal of irrelevant information. Exploiting real world knowledge in ubiquitous applications Ashweeni Beeharee Anthony Steed doi:10.1007/s00779-006-0091-6 Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, Vol. 11, No. 6. (2007), pp. 429-437. 2007-09-13T10:18:27-00:00 2007 Personal and Ubiquitous Computing 11 6 429 437 context knowledge mobile http://www.citeulike.org/user/yish/article/497028 <i>(2006)</i> Exploring Knowledge Sharing in Virtual Teams: A Social Exchange Theory Perspective Sheng Wu Cathy Lin Tung-Ching Lin doi:10.1109/HICSS.2006.177 (2006) 2006-02-07T17:25:16-00:00 2006 IEEE Computer Society collaboration knowledge networks social theory http://www.citeulike.org/user/yish/article/210601 <i>(01 May 2005)</i> CODE : Collaborative Ownership and the Digital Economy (Leonardo Books) Ghosh (01 May 2005) 2005-05-25T19:11:12-00:00 2005 The MIT Press collaborative knowledge open ownership source theory http://www.citeulike.org/user/yish/article/321693 <i>Commun. ACM, Vol. 46, No. 2. (February 2003), pp. 23-25.</i><br /><br />Technology may support a knowledge-sharing environment, but getting users to participate in effective ways is key. Creating a knowledge-sharing community: if you build it, will they come? Jessica Brazelton Anthony Gorry doi:10.1145/606272.606290 Commun. ACM, Vol. 46, No. 2. (February 2003), pp. 23-25. 2005-09-16T00:00:21-00:00 2003 Commun. ACM 0001-0782 46 2 23 25 ACM Press building collboration community cscl knowledge sharing http://www.citeulike.org/user/yish/article/393240 <i>The Journal of the Learning Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 2. (1993 - 1994), pp. 115-163.</i><br /><br />This article uses a critical evaluation of research on student misconceptions in science and mathematics to articulate a constructivist view of learning in which student conceptions play productive roles in the acquisition of expertise. We acknowledge and build on the empirical results of misconceptions research but question accompanying views of the character, origins, and growth of students' conceptions. Students have often been viewed as holding flawed ideas that are strongly held, that interfere with learning, and that instruction must confront and replace. We argue that this view overemphasizes the discontinuity between students and expert scientists and mathematicians, making the acquisition of expertise difficult to conceptualize. It also conflicts with the basic premise of constructivism: that students build more advanced knowledge from prior understandings. Using case analyses, we dispute some commonly cited dimensions of discontinuity and identify important continuities that were previously ignored or underemphasized. We highlight elements of knowledge that serve both novices and experts, albeit in different contexts and under different conditions. We provide an initial sketch of a constructivist theory of learning that interprets students' prior conceptions as resources for cognitive growth within a complex systems view of knowledge. This theoretical perspective aims to characterize the interrelationships among diverse knowledge elements rather than identify particular flawed conceptions; it emphasizes knowledge refinement and reorganization, rather than replacement, as primary metaphors for learning; and it provides a framework for understanding misconceptions as both flawed and productive. Misconceptions Reconceived: A Constructivist Analysis of Knowledge in Transition John Smith Andrea Disessa Jeremy Roschelle The Journal of the Learning Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 2. (1993 - 1994), pp. 115-163. 2005-11-15T10:55:54-00:00 The Journal of the Learning Sciences 3 2 115 163 constructivism efficiency evolution knowledge misconceptions narrative object pieces procepts process scripts http://www.citeulike.org/user/yish/article/306423 <i>SIGGROUP Bull., Vol. 25, No. 1. (January 2005), pp. 31-40.</i><br /><br />Knowledge and learning exist as byproducts of social processes such as those that take place in communities of practice. We describe two frameworks for understanding and building online knowledge-building communities, or online communities of practice that enhance collective knowledge. First, the C4P framework is described as a way of understanding how knowledge is created and disseminated by participants in a community of practice. Second, we discuss ways in which technology provides added value for learning in these environments using the DDC (Design for Distributed Cognition) framework, and link this to the particular goals of a knowledge-building community. Examples from two large online communities are discussed. Using technology to transform communities of practice into knowledge-building communities Christopher Hoadley Peter Kilner doi:10.1145/1067699.1067705 SIGGROUP Bull., Vol. 25, No. 1. (January 2005), pp. 31-40. 2005-08-30T02:01:13-00:00 2005 SIGGROUP Bull. 25 1 31 40 ACM Press building communities cscl knowledge practice webreports http://www.citeulike.org/user/yish/article/478606 <i>Genome Biol, Vol. 6, No. 9. (2005)</i><br /><br />We have developed PubNet, a web-based tool that extracts several types of relationships returned by PubMed queries and maps them into networks, allowing for graphical visualization, textual navigation, and topological analysis. PubNet supports the creation of complex networks derived from the contents of individual citations, such as genes, proteins, Protein Data Bank (PDB) IDs, Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms, and authors. This feature allows one to, for example, examine a literature derived network of genes based on functional similarity. PubNet: a flexible system for visualizing literature derived networks. SM Douglas GT Montelione M Gerstein doi:10.1186/gb-2005-6-9-r80 Genome Biol, Vol. 6, No. 9. (2005) 2006-01-23T23:38:00-00:00 2005 Genome Biol 1465-6914 6 9 eni knowledge networks visualization http://www.citeulike.org/user/yish/article/201643 <i>(01 April 1999)</i> Epistemic Cultures: How the Sciences Make Knowledge K Knorr-Cetina (01 April 1999) 2005-05-16T21:29:14-00:00 1999 Harvard University Press epistemology knowledge philosophy http://www.citeulike.org/user/yijisoo/article/623904 <i>Visualization and Computer Graphics, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 11, No. 4. (2005), pp. 432-442.</i><br /><br />The design and evaluation of most current information visualization systems descend from an emphasis on a user's ability to "unpack" the representations of data of interest and operate on them independently. Too often, successful decision-making and analysis are more a matter of serendipity and user experience than of intentional design and specific support for such tasks; although humans have considerable abilities in analyzing relationships from data, the utility of visualizations remains relatively variable across users, data sets, and domains. In this paper, we discuss the notion of analytic gaps, which represent obstacles faced by visualizations in facilitating higher-level analytic tasks, such as decision-making and learning. We discuss support for bridging these gaps, propose a framework for the design and evaluation of information visualization systems, and demonstrate its use. Knowledge precepts for design and evaluation of information visualizations RA Amar JT Stasko Visualization and Computer Graphics, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 11, No. 4. (2005), pp. 432-442. 2006-05-11T21:27:12-00:00 2005 Visualization and Computer Graphics, IEEE Transactions on 11 4 432 442 infovis knowledge http://www.citeulike.org/user/yggdrasil/article/2699746 <i>Bioinformatics (Oxford, England), Vol. 20, No. 2. (22 January 2004), pp. 259-267.</i><br /><br />MOTIVATION: The Edinburgh Mouse Atlas and Gene Expression Database project has developed a digital atlas of mouse development to provide a spatio-temporal framework for spatially mapped data such as in situ gene expression and cell lineage. As part of this database, a mouse embryo anatomy ontology has been created. A formalization of this anatomy is required to document its precise semantics and how it is used in the context of the Mouse Atlas. RESULTS: The paper describes the existing anatomy ontology and formalizes aspects of it using a predicate logic based approach. It therefore provides a guide for users of the current version of the ontology, as well as the basis for a description of the anatomy using an ontology language, such as OWL, thus enabling future work on reasoning about the Mouse Atlas in the context of an intelligent gene expression bioinformatics workflow system. The logic has been implemented in a Prolog prototype. AVAILABILITY: The Mouse Atlas is available on-line at http://genex.hgu.mrc.ac.uk Formalization of mouse embryo anatomy. A Burger D Davidson R Baldock Bioinformatics (Oxford, England), Vol. 20, No. 2. (22 January 2004), pp. 259-267. 2008-04-22T10:01:01-00:00 2004 Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) 1367-4803 20 2 259 267 anatomy knowledge mouse ontology representation http://www.citeulike.org/user/yggdrasil/article/1551591 <i>J. of Biomedical Informatics, Vol. 36, No. 6. (December 2003), pp. 478-500.</i> A reference ontology for biomedical informatics: the foundational model of anatomy Cornelius Rosse José Mejino doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2003.11.007 J. of Biomedical Informatics, Vol. 36, No. 6. (December 2003), pp. 478-500. 2007-08-10T12:53:31-00:00 2003 J. of Biomedical Informatics 1532-0464 36 6 478 500 Elsevier Science knowledge ontology representation http://www.citeulike.org/user/yarden/article/130604 <i>ACM Trans. Comput. Logic, Vol. 3, No. 2. (April 2002), pp. 177-225.</i> Description logics of minimal knowledge and negation as failure Francesco Donini Daniele Nardi Riccardo Rosati doi:10.1145/505372.505373 ACM Trans. Comput. Logic, Vol. 3, No. 2. (April 2002), pp. 177-225. 2005-03-17T04:18:54-00:00 2002 ACM Trans. Comput. Logic 1529-3785 3 2 177 225 ACM Press as description failure knowledge logic minimal modal negation http://www.citeulike.org/user/xpknow/article/701272 <i>Developmental Review, Vol. 20, No. 2. (June 2000), pp. 227-282.</i><br /><br />A basic developmental task for children is to understand how people may differ in what they know and believe. Some such differences stem from situationally provided contrasts in immediate information; others reflect more pervasive, naturally occurring variations in thoughts and beliefs. This article reviews research relevant to children's understanding of the second form of cognitive difference. The paradigms reviewed include false belief, origins of knowledge, ambiguity, explicit judgments of knowledge, communication, and information seeking; the target contrasts include self vs other, younger vs older, and familiar vs unfamiliar. This article identifies developmental changes for each of the forms of understanding, with impressive early competence in some instances and surprisingly protracted development in others. It is argued that a consideration of preexisting differences in belief provides an important complement to the situational emphases that have characterized theory-of-mind research, extending both the range of beliefs examined and the scope of developmental changes identified. Children's Understanding of Preexisting Differences in Knowledge and Belief Scott Miller doi:10.1006/drev.1999.0501 Developmental Review, Vol. 20, No. 2. (June 2000), pp. 227-282. 2006-06-19T19:08:09-00:00 2000 Developmental Review 20 2 227 282 belief knowledge http://www.citeulike.org/user/xpknow/article/977549 <i>Review of Educational Research, Vol. 57, No. 1. (1987), pp. 51-67.</i><br /><br />This paper reviews recent work on knowledge acquisition with a focus on knowledge restructuring. This work suggests that it may be possible to replace Piagetian theories of global restructuring with a more domain-specific approach. Some forms of learning may give rise to a weak restructuring involving the accumulation of new facts and the formation of new relations between existing concepts. Other forms of learning may involve a radical restructuring that includes a change in core concepts, a change in structure, and a change in the phenomena to be explained. The restructuring view raises important questions about the similarities and differences in the child's and the scientist's acquisition of knowledge, and about the role of prior knowledge in instruction. The domain of observational astronomy is used as an example of how these issues can be applied to study the child's development of knowledge. Several mechanisms for knowledge restructuring are discussed and it is argued that these issues are crucial for a theory-based approach to the study of instruction. Theories of Knowledge Restructuring in Development Stella Vosniadou William Brewer Review of Educational Research, Vol. 57, No. 1. (1987), pp. 51-67. 2006-12-07T04:13:38-00:00 1987 Review of Educational Research 57 1 51 67 develop knowledge http://www.citeulike.org/user/xiangzhangchina/article/2352973 <i></i><br /><br />This article proposes a machine learning approach to overcome the knowledge acquisition bottleneck limiting the automation of cartographic generalisation. It first explains why this automation must be guided by a differentiation of two main types of knowledge involved in this process. More precisely, it shows that cartographic generalisation is best viewed as a combination of two processes: representing (formulating, renaming knowledge) and abstracting (simplifying a given representation). The... Abstraction-Based Machine Learning Approach To Cartographic Generalisation Sébastien Mustire 2008-02-08T10:47:53-00:00 formalization knowledge shape http://www.citeulike.org/user/xiangzhangchina/article/2495742 <i>(1998)</i><br /><br />So far, abstraction has been mainly investigated in problem solving tasks. In this paper, we are interested in the role of abstraction in representing and learning concepts (i.e., intensional descriptions of classes of objects). We propose a novel perspective on abstraction, originating from the observation that a conceptualization of a domain involves entities belonging to at least three levels. The fundamental level is the perception of the world, where concrete objects reside. For memorizing ... Semantic Abstraction for Concept Representation and Learning L Saitta J Zucker (1998) 2008-03-09T16:18:02-00:00 1998 acquisition knowledge representation http://www.citeulike.org/user/xanasan/article/1924031 <i>Knowledge Science, Engineering and Management (2007), pp. 362-371.</i><br /><br />Knowledge visualization is a creative process, but difficult to formalize. This paper presents a system that is capable of analyzing voluminous citation data and visualizing the result. The system offers visualizations of trends by clustering scientific papers taken from the web (CiteSeer papers). Two methods are implemented: factor analysis and PFNET. An experiment has been carried out with the literature in knowledge management. A deep analysis of current trends in KM is then performed to check the relevance of these results. While the topical content is specific to knowledge engineering, semantic web, and related sub-areas, the approach could be applied to any general topic area in AI. Visualizing Trends in Knowledge Management Maria Lee Tsung Chen doi:10.1007/978-3-540-76719-0_36 Knowledge Science, Engineering and Management (2007), pp. 362-371. 2007-11-15T21:39:01-00:00 2007 Knowledge Science, Engineering and Management 362 371 knowledge visialization http://www.citeulike.org/user/xamde/article/180090 <i>(17 December 1999)</i> Knowledge Engineering and Management: The CommonKADS Methodology Guus Schreiber Hans Akkermans Anjo Anjewierden Robert Dehoog Nigel Shadbolt Walter Vandevelde Bob Wielinga (17 December 1999) 2005-05-04T15:23:06-00:00 1999 The MIT Press commonkads knowledge modelling http://www.citeulike.org/user/X7/article/654874 <i>Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Vol. 3, No. 4. (December 2004), pp. 294-302.</i> Knowledge and software modeling using UML Chan W Christine doi:10.1007/s10270-004-0057-y Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM), Vol. 3, No. 4. (December 2004), pp. 294-302. 2006-05-18T19:26:39-00:00 2004 Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM) 1619-1366 3 4 294 302 Springer knowledge uml http://www.citeulike.org/user/wujastyk/article/234937 <i>(01 August 2000)</i><br /><br />Science and technology have created many of the problems besetting us at the turn of the century, yet, paradoxically, we cannot address them without their assistance. This beautifully illustrated book takes a fresh approach to resolving the problems of progress and modernity by reframing science and technology.<br>In an eclectic and highly original study, Turnbull brings together a wide range of traditions as diverse as cathedral building, Micronesian navigation, cartography and turbulence research. He argues that all our differing ways of producing knowledge, including science, are messy, spatial and local. Every culture has its own ways of assembling local knowledge, thereby creating space through the linking of people, practices and places. The spaces we inhabit and assemblages we work with are not as homogeneous and coherent as our modernist perspectives have led us to believe-rather they are complex and heterogeneous motleys. Masons, Tricksters and Cartographers: Comparative Studies in the Sociology of Scientific and Indigenous Knowledge David Turnbull (01 August 2000) 2005-06-22T18:23:46-00:00 2000 Harwood Academic Pub knowledge science http://www.citeulike.org/user/wujastyk/article/1528672 <i>Osiris, Vol. 15 (2000), pp. 119-134.</i><br /><br />In opposition both to the dominant vision of colonial science as an hegemonic European enterprise whose universalization can be conceived of in purely diffusionist terms, and to the more recent perception of it as a simple reordering of indigenous knowledge within the European canon, this essay seeks to show the complex reciprocity involved in the making of science within the colonial context. Based on the example of India during the first century of British colonial conquest, it examines the specificities of intercultural encounter in the subcontinent, the formalized institutions that were engendered, and the kinds of knowledge practices that emerged in the case of the geographical survey of India. The essay suggests that the knowledge created in this context is not just local in character, but participates wholly in the emergence of universal science, as well as of other institutions of modernity. Colonial Encounters and the Forging of New Knowledge and National Identities: Great Britain and India, 1760-1850 Kapil Raj Osiris, Vol. 15 (2000), pp. 119-134. 2007-08-01T17:58:49-00:00 2000 Osiris 15 119 134 colonialism india knowledge http://www.citeulike.org/user/wozn/article/348323 <i>(16 June 2005)</i><br /><br />As knowledge management becomes embedded within organizations it becomes more important for students to understand its principles and applications. In this textbook, Dr. Kimiz Dalkir provides a comprehensive overview of the field on knowledge management with an emphasis on translating theory into practice. Working from a multidisciplinary perspective, Dr. Dalkir weaves key concepts, tools, and techniques from sociology, cognitive science, content management, knowledge engineering, cybernetics, organizational behaviour, change management, and information science into a three-level approach to understand Knowledge Management from the individual, community, and organization levels. Using everyday language and clear illustrations, Dr. Dalkir integrates theory and practice in a highly accessible manner to provide students with a comprehensive and practical knowledge management skill set. <br><br>Case Studies from:<br>IBM, Xerox, Siemans, Ericsson Canada, ICL, Thomas and Betts, Chevron/Texaco, British Petroleum, CIDA, Hughes Space and Communications, SUN, British Telecommunications, J.P. Morgan Chase, Buckman Labs<br>, Nokia, GE, Viant, Xerox, Sigma, Hill and Knowlton<br>, Teamware, U.A. Army, British Petroleum, Price Waterhous Coopers, Lybrand, KPMG, Mercedes-Benz<br>, Monsanto, Northrup Grumman, Ford Motor Company, Accenture, Dell, Siemans Medical Systems<br><br>*Highly practical treatment that links knowledge management, content management and information management seamlessly throughout the book <br>*Author has over ten years experience in knowledge management/content management/information management in the corporate world <br>*First textbook by a knowledge management professor Knowledge Management in Theory and Practice Kimiz Dalkir (16 June 2005) 2005-10-11T21:40:13-00:00 2005 Butterworth-Heinemann knowledge knowledgemanagement http://www.citeulike.org/user/wozn/article/2606284 <i>(15 January 2000)</i><br /><br />The market for business knowledge is booming, as companies looking to improve their performance pour billions of dollars into training programs, consultants, and executive education. Why, then, are there so many gaps between what firms know they should do and what they actually do? Why do so many companies fail to implement the experience and insight they've worked so hard to acquire? <B>The Knowing-Doing Gap</B> is the first book to confront the challenge of turning knowledge about how to improve performance into actions that produce measurable results.<P>Jeffrey Pfeffer and Robert Sutton, well-known authors and teachers, identify the causes of the knowing-doing gap and explain how to close it. The message is clear-firms that turn knowledge into action avoid the "smart talk trap." Executives must use plans, analysis, meetings, and presentations to inspire deeds, not as substitutes for action. Companies that act on their knowledge also eliminate fear, abolish destructive internal competition, measure what matters, and promote leaders who understand the work people do in their firms. The authors use examples from dozens of firms that show how some overcome the knowing-doing gap, why others try but fail, and how still others avoid the gap in the first place.<P><B>The Knowing-Doing Gap</B> is sure to resonate with executives everywhere who struggle daily to make their firms both know and do what they know. It is a refreshingly candid, useful, and realistic guide for improving performance in today's business. Every year, companies spend billions of dollars on training programs and management consultants, searching for ways to improve. But it's mostly all talk and no action, according to Jeffrey Pfeffer and Robert I. Sutton, authors of <I>The Knowing-Doing Gap</I>. "Did you ever wonder why so much education and training, management consultation, organizational research and so many books and articles produce so few changes in actual management practice?" ask Stanford University professors Pfeffer and Sutton. "We wondered, too, and so we embarked on a quest to explore one of the great mysteries in organizational management: why knowledge of what needs to be done frequently fails to result in action or behavior consistent with that knowledge." The authors describe the most common obstacles to action---such as fear and inertia---and profile successful companies that overcome them.<p> Among the companies that Pfeffer and Sutton say do it right: General Electric, the Men's Wearhouse, SAS Institute, Southwest Airlines, Toyota, and British Petroleum. The book, based on four years of research, is broken into chapters with titles such as "When Talk Substitutes for Action," "When Fear Prevents Acting on Knowledge," "When Internal Competition Turns Friends into Enemies," and "Turning Knowledge into Action." Each chapter contains tips on what to do and what to avoid, and provides examples of how a lethargic company culture can be transformed. <I>The Knowing-Doing Gap</I> is a useful how-to guide for managers looking to make changes. Yet, as Pfeffer and Sutton point out, it takes more than reading their book or discussing their recommendations. It takes action. <I>--Dan Ring</I> The Knowing-Doing Gap: How Smart Companies Turn Knowledge into Action Jeffrey Pfeffer Robert Sutton (15 January 2000) 2008-03-28T13:08:53-00:00 2000 Harvard Business School Press knowledge knowledgemanagement http://www.citeulike.org/user/wozn/article/460084 <i>System Sciences, 2005. HICSS '05. Proceedings of the 38th Annual Hawaii International Conference on (2005), pp. 247b-247b.</i><br /><br />A major challenge in knowledge management involves motivating people to share their knowledge with others. In many modern knowledge-oriented companies, this challenge is addressed by incentive systems that are linked to the knowledge-sharing activities of employees. The design of appropriate incentive systems is becoming more difficult for companies distributed internationally which operate in a variety of countries and cultures. In this study, we will analyze the combined influence of incentives and culture on knowledge sharing in large organizations. The Influence of Incentives and Culture on Knowledge Sharing RM Muller M Spiliopoulou HJ Lenz System Sciences, 2005. HICSS '05. Proceedings of the 38th Annual Hawaii International Conference on (2005), pp. 247b-247b. 2006-01-09T08:14:18-00:00 2005 System Sciences, 2005. HICSS '05. Proceedings of the 38th Annual Hawaii International Conference on 247b 247b incentives knowledge knowledgesharing http://www.citeulike.org/user/wozn/article/550311 <i>Journal of Management & Governance, Vol. 10, No. 1. (March 2006), pp. 3-20.</i> Knowledge and Organization in the Theory of the Multinational Corporation: Some Foundational Issues Nicolai Foss doi:10.1007/s10997-005-3545-8 Journal of Management & Governance, Vol. 10, No. 1. (March 2006), pp. 3-20. 2006-03-14T04:47:59-00:00 2006 Journal of Management & Governance 1385-3457 10 1 3 20 Springer knowledge organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/wozn/article/452766 <i>International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 17, No. 2. (February 2006), pp. 245-264.</i> Determinants of individual engagement in knowledge sharing Angel Cabrera William Collins Jesus Salgado doi:10.1080/09585190500404614 International Journal of Human Resource Management, Vol. 17, No. 2. (February 2006), pp. 245-264. 2005-12-29T15:56:56-00:00 2006 International Journal of Human Resource Management 0958-5192 17 2 245 264 Routledge, part of the Taylor & Francis Group determinants knowledge knowledgemanagement knowledgesharing micro-foundation micro-level http://www.citeulike.org/user/wozn/article/703759 <i>Organization Science, Vol. 11, No. 5. (2000), pp. 538-550.</i><br /><br />Employees are motivated intrinsically as well as extrinsically. Intrinsic motivation is crucial when tacit knowledge in and between teams must be transferred. Organizational forms enable different kinds of motivation and have different capacities to generate and transfer tacit knowledge. Since knowledge generation and transfer are essential for a firm s sustainable competitive advantage, we ask specifically what kinds of motivation are needed to generate and transfer tacit knowledge, as opposed to explicit knowledge. Motivation, Knowledge Transfer, and Organizational Forms Margit Osterloh Bruno Frey Organization Science, Vol. 11, No. 5. (2000), pp. 538-550. 2006-06-20T21:18:35-00:00 2000 Organization Science 11 5 538 550 contracts knowledge knowledgesharing motivation http://www.citeulike.org/user/wozn/article/715968 <i>Organization Science, Vol. 5, No. 1. (1994), pp. 14-37.</i><br /><br />This paper proposes a paradigm for managing the dynamic aspects of organizational knowledge creating processes. Its central theme is that organizational knowledge is created through a continuous dialogue between tacit and explicit knowledge. The nature of this dialogue is examined and four patterns of interaction involving tacit and explicit knowledge are identified. It is argued that while new knowledge is developed by individuals, organizations play a critical role in articulating and amplifying that knowledge. A theoretical framework is developed which provides an analytical perspective on the constituent dimensions of knowledge creation. This framework is then applied in two operational models for facilitating the dynamic creation of appropriate organizational knowledge. A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation Ikujiro Nonaka Organization Science, Vol. 5, No. 1. (1994), pp. 14-37. 2006-06-29T18:29:04-00:00 1994 Organization Science 5 1 14 37 knowledge http://www.citeulike.org/user/worksmarts/article/462435 <i>(17 July 2003)</i><br /><br /> In today's de-layered, knowledge-intensive organizations, most work of importance is heavily reliant on informal networks of employees within organizations. However, most organizations do not know how to effectively analyze this informal structure in ways that can have a positive impact on organizational performance. Networks in the Knowledge Economy is a collection of readings on the application of social network analysis to managerial concerns. Social network analysis (SNA), a set of analytic tools that can be used to map networks of relationships, allows one to conduct very powerful assessments of information sharing within a network with relatively little effort. This approach makes the invisible web of relationships between people visible, helping managers make informed decisions for improving both their own and their group's performance. Networks in the Knowledge Economy is specifically concerned with networks inside of organizations and addresses three critical areas in the study of social networks: Social Networks as Important Individual and Organizational Assets, Social Network Implications for Knowledge Creation and Sharing, and Managerial Implications of Social Networks in Organizations. Professionals and students alike will find this book especially valuable, as it provides readings on the application of social network analysis that reflect managerial concerns. Networks in the Knowledge Economy Rob Cross Andrew Parker Lisa Sasson (17 July 2003) 2006-01-12T01:57:03-00:00 2003 Oxford University Press economy knowledge networks sna http://www.citeulike.org/user/worksmarts/article/346599 <i>netWorker, Vol. 9, No. 3. (September 2005), pp. 16-23.</i> The power of collective intelligence Aaron Weiss doi:10.1145/1086762.1086763 netWorker, Vol. 9, No. 3. (September 2005), pp. 16-23. 2005-10-10T03:30:29-00:00 2005 netWorker 1091-3556 9 3 16 23 ACM Press blog collaboration knowledge team http://www.citeulike.org/user/wnpx/article/607523 <i>(1993)</i><br /><br />Recent work in Artificial Intelligence is exploring the user of formal ontologies as a way of specifying content-specific agreements for the sharing and reuse of knowledge among software entities. We take an engineering perspective on the development of such ontologies. Formal ontologies are viewed as designed artifacts, formulated for specific purposes and evaluated against objective design criteria. We describe the role of ontologies in supporting knowledge sharing activities, and then... Towards Principles for the Design of Ontologies Used for Knowledge Sharing TR Gruber (1993) 2006-04-30T10:18:51-00:00 1993 Kluwer Academic Publishers dataintegration dt knowledge ontology http://www.citeulike.org/user/WIP/article/197328 <i>(11 July 1967)</i> The Social Construction of Reality : A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge Peter Berger Thomas Luckmann (11 July 1967) 2005-05-11T21:02:37-00:00 1967 Anchor knowledge http://www.citeulike.org/user/winschel/article/920828 <i>(15 January 1996)</i><br /><br />In this original text/reference, Bela H. Banathy discusses a broad range of design approaches, models, methods, and tools, together with the theoretical and philosophical bases of social systems design. he explores the existing knowledge bases of systems design; introduces and integrates concepts from other fields that contribute to design thinking and practice; and thoroughly explains how competence in social systems design empowers people to direct their progress and create a truly participative democracy. Based on advanced learning theory and practice, the text's material is enhanced by helpful diagrams that illustrate novel concepts and problem sets that allow readers to apply these concepts. Designing Social Systems in a Changing World (Contemporary Systems Thinking) Bela Banathy (15 January 1996) 2006-10-31T22:17:10-00:00 1996 Springer knowledge http://www.citeulike.org/user/wigelius/article/941015 <i>System Sciences, 2000. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Hawaii International Conference on (2000), 10 pp..</i><br /><br />This paper reports ethnographical research in search of new ways of designing CSCW systems that support knowledge management in a semi-virtual organization. One such way, suggested in this paper, is the design of mobile CSCW systems from the perspective of the developed NIR-model. According to the principles of the NIR-model and the empirical findings three concrete areas are worth mentioning: there is a call for responsibility management; conflict management becomes important; and skill management seems to be of great importance. This paper ends by concluding the impact of the NIR-model as an analytical tool, as well as highlighting important aspects of knowledge management of particular concern when designing CSCW systems for semi-virtual organizations. Knowledge management and mobility in a semi-virtual organization: lessons learned from the case of Telia Nara R Lindgren M Wibert System Sciences, 2000. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Hawaii International Conference on (2000), 10 pp.. 2006-11-13T08:56:31-00:00 2000 System Sciences, 2000. Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Hawaii International Conference on 10 pp. knowledge mobile work http://www.citeulike.org/user/wigelius/article/942746 <i>Organizational Dynamics, Vol. 30, No. 2. (November 2001), pp. 100-120.</i> Knowing what we know:: Supporting knowledge creation and sharing in social networks Rob Cross Andrew Parker Laurence Prusak Stephen Borgatti doi:10.1016/S0090-2616(01)00046-8 Organizational Dynamics, Vol. 30, No. 2. (November 2001), pp. 100-120. 2006-11-14T10:24:11-00:00 2001 Organizational Dynamics 30 2 100 120 analyze development knowledge management network product social http://www.citeulike.org/user/wigelius/article/895171 <i>System Sciences, 2004. Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on (2004), pp. 262-271.</i> Developing an instrument for measuring user satisfaction with knowledge management systems Chorng-Shyong Ong Jung-Yu Lai System Sciences, 2004. Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on (2004), pp. 262-271. 2006-10-13T09:19:07-00:00 2004 System Sciences, 2004. Proceedings of the 37th Annual Hawaii International Conference on 262 271 knowledge management measuring satisfaction system tool user http://www.citeulike.org/user/wcrosbie/article/233656 <i>Knowledge Management Research & Practice, Vol. 3, No. 2. (May 2005), pp. 106-114.</i><br /><br />This paper proposes a typology of communities of practice based on their knowledge characteristics. The structure of a community of practice, in terms of knowledge, may tend to the stratified or to the egalitarian. The predominant knowledge activity of the community may be sharing or nurturing. This produces four classes of community of practice. The paper identifies and discusses examples of these classes. It is argued that the class to which a community belongs tends to determine the rapidity with which knowledge within the community evolves and the degree of pluralism, as opposed to homogeneity, that the knowledge exhibits. The paper concludes by discussing some of the implications of the typology for knowledge management practice. Knowledge characteristics of communities of practice Jonathan Klein NAD Connell Edgar Meyer doi:10.1057/palgrave.kmrp.8500055 Knowledge Management Research & Practice, Vol. 3, No. 2. (May 2005), pp. 106-114. 2005-06-21T14:25:42-00:00 2005 Knowledge Management Research & Practice 1477-8238 3 2 106 114 Palgrave Macmillan cops knowledge http://www.citeulike.org/user/wcrosbie/article/894202 <i>Communities and Technologies (2005), pp. 191-213.</i><br /><br />Knowledge sharing communities can be found in many organizations, but their forms and functions appear to be quite diverse. This implies that questions concerning the functioning of communities, (how do they work) and questions concerning success conditions (how to organize and facilitate them) cannot be answered in a general way. The purpose of this article is to develop the theory in this area by discovering basic dimensions along which communities differ, and by identifying basic types of knowledge communities, underlying the diversity of knowledge sharing groups. Through an analysis of the literature and of a series of communities in large organizations, two basic dimensions and five archetypes of knowledge communities are identified. Archetypes of Knowledge Communities Erik Andriessen doi:10.1007/1-4020-3591-8_11 Communities and Technologies (2005), pp. 191-213. 2006-10-12T12:07:56-00:00 2005 Communities and Technologies 191 213 archetypes community cop cscw km knowledge knowledge_communities knowledge-sharing practices tido http://www.citeulike.org/user/wcrosbie/article/800025 <i>(01 September 2005)</i><br /><br />In the context of Knowledge Society, the convergence of knowledge and learning management is a critical milestone. Intelligent Learning Infrastructure for Knowledge Intensive Organizations: A Semantic Web Perspective provides state-of-the art knowledge through a balanced theoretical and technological discussion. The semantic web perspective helps reader to understand the new era of intelligent learning infrastructures in knowledge intensive organizations. Knowledge management, learning management, e-collaboration, intelligent tutoring and learning systems, ontologies, semantic web technologies, corporate learning, integrative knowledge portals, distributed knowledge and learning repositories, peer-to-peer technologies are discussed in a holistic way providing a reference book for the research area. Intelligent Learning Infrastructure for Knowledge Intensive Organizations: A Semantic Web Perspective (01 September 2005) 2006-08-14T00:09:34-00:00 2005 Information Science Publishing knowledge learning semantic_web http://www.citeulike.org/user/vtanas/article/100231 <i>(1999)</i> Reusable Components for Knowledge Modelling: Case Studies in Parametric Design Problem Solving E Motta (1999) 2005-02-22T10:02:24-00:00 1999 IOS Press knowledge ocml ontology http://www.citeulike.org/user/vtanas/article/94152 <i>Database and Expert Systems Applications, 2001. Proceedings. 12th International Workshop on (2001), pp. 313-317.</i><br /><br />The striking success of e-commerce has prompted many activities in the public sector. So, e-government is full of ventures; the number of concepts and approaches is multiplying and the number of projects is growing rapidly. It is a rather turbulent growth, encouraging reflections on commonality as well as stimulating deliberations about the directions of development. Thus, this introductory paper treats some essential issues of e-government's main pillars: its processes, its portals, and the enhancement of knowledge for both of these Directions in e-government: processes, portals, knowledge R Traunmuller M Wimmer Database and Expert Systems Applications, 2001. Proceedings. 12th International Workshop on (2001), pp. 313-317. 2005-02-13T17:15:02-00:00 2001 Database and Expert Systems Applications, 2001. Proceedings. 12th International Workshop on 313 317 e-government knowledge portal http://www.citeulike.org/user/Vetruve/article/488889 <i>(04 March 2000)</i><br /><br />In just under 900 pages (with another 100 or so pages of notes and bibliography), sociologist Randall Collins elaborates upon his proposed model for how intellectuals--"people who produce decontextualized ideas"--work among one another. Borrowing Erving Goffman's concept of the "interaction ritual," Collins discusses how "intellectuals gather, focus their attention for a time on one of their members, who delivers a sustained discourse. The discourse itself builds on elements from the past, affirming and continuing or negating." Or, to put it more simply, intellectuals attend a lot of lectures and have discussions afterwards.<p> General readers may be put off by a hefty tome with chapters given such titles as "The Post-revolutionary Condition: Boundaries and Philosophical Puzzles" (which includes the subsection "The Vienna Circle as a Nexus of Struggles"), but those with a dedicated interest in the history of philosophy will find much to enjoy in the multicultural examples Collins draws upon. Ancient China, classical Greece, medieval Islam, and the French existentialists are just the tip of the iceberg illustrating his theory that intellectual progress is made through the personal interaction of philosophers and other thinkers. "Great intellectual work," Collins writes, "is that which creates a large space on which followers can work," and <I>The Sociology of Philosophies</I> certainly qualifies. <I>--Ron Hogan</I> Randall Collins traces the movement of philosophical thought in ancient Greece, China, Japan, India, the medieval Islamic and Jewish world, medieval Christendom, and modern Europe. What emerges from this history is a social theory of intellectual change, one that avoids both the reduction of ideas to the influences of society at large and the purely contingent local construction of meanings. Instead, Collins focuses on the social locations where sophisticated ideas are formed: the patterns of intellectual networks and their inner divisions and conflicts. The Sociology of Philosophies: A Global Theory of Intellectual Change Randall Collins (04 March 2000) 2006-02-01T20:39:19-00:00 2000 Belknap Press knowledge network sociology theory http://www.citeulike.org/user/vdham/article/715692 <i>(2003), pp. 3-10.</i> A knowledge plane for the internet David Clark Craig Partridge Christopher Ramming John Wroclawski doi:10.1145/863955.863957 (2003), pp. 3-10. 2006-06-29T14:04:04-00:00 2003 3 10 ACM Press ai configuration knowledge network plane http://www.citeulike.org/user/vcvpaiva/article/401370 <i></i><br /><br />We describe the application of primarily symbolic methods to the task of detecting logical redundancies and inconsistencies between documents in a medium sized, domain focused collection (1000--40,000 documents). Initial investigations indicate good scalability prospects, especially for syntactic and semantic processing. The di#cult and largely neglected task of mapping from linguistic/semantic representations to domain tailored knowledge representations is potentially more of a... Scalability of Redundancy Detection In Focused Document Collections Richard Crouch Cleo Condoravdi Reinhard Stolle Tracy King John Everett Daniel Bobrow 2005-11-19T16:57:51-00:00 knowledge semantics http://www.citeulike.org/user/vcvpaiva/article/401368 <i>(2003)</i><br /><br />We argue that the detection of entailment and contradiction relations between texts is a minimal metric for the evaluation of text understanding systems. Intensionality, which is widespread in natural language, raises a number of detection issues that cannot be brushed aside. Entailment, Intensionality and Text Understanding Cleo Condoravdi Richard Crouch Reinhard Stolle Daniel Bobrow (2003) 2005-11-19T16:56:28-00:00 2003 knowledge semantics http://www.citeulike.org/user/vcvpaiva/article/401365 <i></i><br /><br />Research on Question Answering has produced an arsenal of useful techniques for detecting answers that are explicitly present in the text of a collection of documents. To move beyond current capabilities, effort must be directed toward analyzing the source documents and interpreting them by representing their content, abstracting away from the particular linguistic expressions used. The content representations enable reasoning based on what things mean rather than how they are phrased.... Knowledge Tracking: Answering Implicit Questions Reinhard Stolle Daniel Bobrow Cleo Condoravdi Richard Crouch 2005-11-19T16:53:53-00:00 knowledge semantics http://www.citeulike.org/user/valery_kugler/article/230211 <i>Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud., Vol. 43, No. 5-6. (1995), pp. 907-928.</i> Toward principles for the design of ontologies used for knowledge sharing Thomas Gruber doi:10.1006/ijhc.1995.1081 Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud., Vol. 43, No. 5-6. (1995), pp. 907-928. 2005-06-16T23:36:37-00:00 1995 Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud. 1071-5819 43 5-6 907 928 Academic Press, Inc. knowledge ontology sharing