Thu, 24 Jul 2008 23:46:30 BST CiteULike: ak's library [66 articles] http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak CiteULike.org en-gb Copyright © 2004-2008 citeulike.org http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/2864396 <i>AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings / AMIA Symposium. AMIA Symposium (2003), pp. 170-174.</i><br /><br />The newly developed U.S. Common Medication Information Infrastructure was used as a basis to capture and formally express the properties of drugs relevant to research and the clinical application of pharmacogenomics. Two associated taxonomies within the model, Mechanism of Action and Physiologic Effect, were enriched to accommodate pharmacogenomic use-cases; the 4,000 active ingredients in the VA NDF-RT drug file were related to the enhanced taxonomies. Pharmacokinetics were independently modeled for pharmacogenomics and tested against thirty-one high-profile drugs to demonstrate our approach. Integrating pharmacokinetics knowledge into a drug ontology: as an extension to support pharmacogenomics. CG Chute JS Carter MS Tuttle M Haber SH Brown AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings / AMIA Symposium. AMIA Symposium (2003), pp. 170-174. 2008-06-05T11:10:58-00:00 2003 AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings / AMIA Symposium. AMIA Symposium 1559-4076 170 174 medical ontology http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/2861331 <i>Computer and Computational Sciences, 2007. IMSCCS 2007. Second International Multi-Symposiums on (2007), pp. 1-8.</i><br /><br />In accordance with the increasing amount of information concerning individual differences in drug response and molecular interaction, the role of in silico prediction of drug interaction on a pathway level is becoming more and more important. However, in view of the interferences for the identification of new drug interactions, most conventional information models of a biological pathway would have limitations. As a reflection of real world biological events triggered by a stimulus, it is important to facilitate the incorporation of known molecular events for inferring (unknown) possible pathways and hypothetic drug interactions. Method: On-stimulus dynamic pathway generation has been adopted to evade dealing with redundant static pathways in exponential numbers. Potential drug-drug interactions are detected from drug metabolic pathways dynamically generated by molecular events triggered after the administration of certain drugs. New hypothetic assertions of potential drug interactions are deduced from the Drug Interaction Ontology (DIO) written in Web Ontology Language (OWL). Results and Conclusion: The concept of Ontology- Driven Hypothetic Assertion (OHA) was demonstrated with known interactions between irinotecan (CPT-11) and ketoconazole. The system automatically detected four drug- drug interactions that involved cytochrome p450 (CYP3A4) and albumin as potential drug interaction genes. Future plans regarding in silico prediction of individual differences in the response to the drug and drug-drug interactions after the administration of multiple drugs are also discussed. Keyword: Biomedical Ontology, Drug Interaction, Metabolic Pathway, Web Ontology Language (OWL), Pharmacokinetics Ontology-Driven Hypothetic Assertion (OHA) for Drug InteractionPrediction Takeshi Arikuma Sumi Yoshikawa Kentaro Watanabe Akihiko Konagaya doi:10.1109/IMSCCS.2007.72 Computer and Computational Sciences, 2007. IMSCCS 2007. Second International Multi-Symposiums on (2007), pp. 1-8. 2008-06-04T14:48:02-00:00 2007 Computer and Computational Sciences, 2007. IMSCCS 2007. Second International Multi-Symposiums on 1 8 medical ontology semantic_web http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/2860645 <i></i> The Drug Ontology Project for Elsevier J Broekstra C Fluit A Kampman van Harmelen R Bhogal A Scerri A de Waard E van Mulligen 2008-06-04T09:49:22-00:00 medical semantic_web http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/2429094 <i>Fuzzy Systems Conference, 2007. FUZZ-IEEE 2007. IEEE International (2007), pp. 1-6.</i><br /><br />In this paper we present a novel algorithm for mapping genes to pathways. The approach is based on the concept of ontological fuzzy rule system (OFRS) that, we believe, represents a step closer toward Zadeh's "computing with words" paradigm. An OFRS is a fuzzy rule system that uses ontological mapping between objects according to their representation as sets of terms from an ontology. In our mapping approach the left-hand-side contains genes objects represented using the Gene Ontology (GO), and the right-hand-side consists in pathways described using a Pathway Ontology (KEGG). The question of mapping a set of genes to pathways often arises in microarray experiments where one would like to know what are the pathways that can explain the observed gene expression patterns. To compare various mapping approaches, we use a pilot dataset extracted from KEGG that consisted of 10 sets of 15 genes taken from 3 pathways (5 gene/pathway). We conclude that the best matching strategy consists in two steps: in the first step the crisp approach is used to find the pathways involved, and in the second step the fuzzy (ontological) approach is employed to map the genes that could not be found in KEGG. Mapping Genes to Pathways Using Ontological Fuzzy Rule Systems Mihail Popescu Dong Xu doi:10.1109/FUZZY.2007.4295549 Fuzzy Systems Conference, 2007. FUZZ-IEEE 2007. IEEE International (2007), pp. 1-6. 2008-02-26T11:30:18-00:00 2007 Fuzzy Systems Conference, 2007. FUZZ-IEEE 2007. IEEE International 1 6 fuzzy medical ontology rules http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/2846749 <i>LaboratoriumsMedizin, Vol. 32, No. 2. (March 2008), pp. 107-116.</i> Labtestsonline.de – Das Recherchesystem für medizinische Labordiagnostik Mariam Klouche Lutz Binder Martina Deinzer Rudolph Gruber Andreas Lun Thomas Nebe Matthias Orth Sven Schimanski LaboratoriumsMedizin, Vol. 32, No. 2. (March 2008), pp. 107-116. 2008-05-30T07:46:57-00:00 2008 LaboratoriumsMedizin 32 2 107 116 lims medical online http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/15191 <i>Quality Assurance: Good Practice, Regulation, and Law, Vol. 10, No. 2., 91.</i> LIMS USER ACCEPTANCE TESTING CS Klein Quality Assurance: Good Practice, Regulation, and Law, Vol. 10, No. 2., 91. 2004-12-28T16:00:11-00:00 Quality Assurance: Good Practice, Regulation, and Law 1052-9411 10 2 91 Taylor and Francis Ltd lims usability http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/2842217 <i>Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA, Vol. 8, No. 4. (g 2001), pp. 351-360.</i><br /><br />Decision support systems in the medical field have to be easily modified by medical experts themselves. The authors have designed a knowledge acquisition tool to facilitate the creation and maintenance of a knowledge base by the domain expert and its sharing and reuse by other institutions. The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) contains the domain entities and constitutes the relations repository from which the expert builds, through a specific browser, the explicit domain ontology. The expert is then guided in creating the knowledge base according to the pre-established domain ontology and condition-action rule templates that are well adapted to several clinical decision-making processes. Corresponding medical logic modules are eventually generated. The application of this knowledge acquisition tool to the construction of a decision support system in blood transfusion demonstrates the value of such a pragmatic methodology for the design of rule-based clinical systems that rely on the highly progressive knowledge embedded in hospital information systems. A UMLS-based knowledge acquisition tool for rule-based clinical decision support system development. SL Achour M Dojat C Rieux P Bierling E Lepage Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA, Vol. 8, No. 4. (g 2001), pp. 351-360. 2008-05-28T16:28:14-00:00 2001 Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA 1067-5027 8 4 351 360 decision_support_systems ontology semantic_web umls http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/2841426 <i>(1998)</i><br /><br />. A framwork for Natural Language Generation (NLG) is described, that can be used with arbitrarily structured knowledge sources (for example a database). It is built around three layers of domain knowledge representation, supporting different tasks. The benefit of this approach is that a given representation can be used as input to NLG rather than a redundant representation that has to be maintained separately. Domain dependent components are clearly distinguished. Domain independent tools for ... Using multiple ontologies in a framework for natural language generation M Ohlich R Riet (1998) 2008-05-28T12:15:15-00:00 1998 medical metadata ontology semantic_web text_generation http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/2841370 <i>(2004), pp. 121-127.</i> BioMap: toward the development of a knowledge base of biomedical literature Kamal Kumar Mathew Palakal Snehasis Mukhopadhyay Mathew Stephens Huian Li doi:10.1145/967900.967927 (2004), pp. 121-127. 2008-05-28T11:36:23-00:00 2004 121 127 ACM academic decision_support_systems medical http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/1430800 <i>Algebra, Meaning and Computation (2006), pp. 616-642.</i><br /><br />In this paper, we propose a formulation for inference rules in Drug Interaction Ontology (DIO). Our formulation for inference rules is viewed from the standpoint of process-description. The relations in DIO are now described as resource-sensitive linear logical implications. The compositional reasoning on certain drug-interactions discussed in our previous work on DIO is represented as a construction of a linear logical proof. As examples of our formulation, we use some anti-cancer drug interactions.1 Drug Interaction Ontology (DIO) and the Resource-Sensitive Logical Inferences Mitsuhiro Okada Yutaro Sugimoto Sumi Yoshikawa Akihiko Konagaya doi:10.1007/11780274_32 Algebra, Meaning and Computation (2006), pp. 616-642. 2007-07-03T13:16:12-00:00 2006 Algebra, Meaning and Computation 616 642 drug interaction ontology semantic_web http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/900392 <i></i> Participation Inequality: Lurkers vs. Contributors in Internet Communities (Jakob Nielsen's Alertbox) Jakob Nielsen 2006-10-16T23:56:28-00:00 contribution participation social_software http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/994858 <i>First Monday, Vol. 11, No. 1. (January 2006)</i> Evolutionary information seeking Jarkko Kari First Monday, Vol. 11, No. 1. (January 2006) 2006-12-14T14:49:58-00:00 2006 First Monday 11 1 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/994857 <i>First Monday, Vol. 11, No. 9. (September 2006)</i> Sexual and pornographic Web searching: Trends analysis Amanda Spink Helen Partridge Bernard Jansen First Monday, Vol. 11, No. 9. (September 2006) 2006-12-14T14:48:15-00:00 2006 First Monday 11 9 analysis search_term http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/711986 <i>(2002), pp. 116-125.</i> On the recommending of citations for research papers Sean Mcnee Istvan Albert Dan Cosley Prateep Gopalkrishnan Shyong Lam Al Rashid Joseph Konstan John Riedl doi:10.1145/587078.587096< (2002), pp. 116-125. 2006-06-27T00:52:26-00:00 2002 116 125 ACM Press citations collaborative_filtering recommendations http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/714958 <i>Intelligent Systems and Their Applications, IEEE [see also IEEE Intelligent Systems], Vol. 15, No. 2. (2000), pp. 42-47.</i><br /><br />Scientific literature on the Web makes up a massive, noisy, disorganized database. Unlike large, single-source databases such as a corporate customer database, the Web database draws from many sources, each with its own organization. Also, owing to its diversity, most records in this database are irrelevant to an individual researcher. Furthermore, the database is constantly growing in content and changing in organization. All these characteristics make the Web a difficult domain for knowledge discovery. To quickly and easily gather useful knowledge from such a database, users need the help of an information filtering system that automatically extracts only relevant records as they appear in a stream of incoming records. To this end, we have developed the CiteSeer. CiteSeer is an automatic generator of digital libraries of scientific literature. It uses sophisticated acquisition, parsing, and presentation methods to eliminate most of the manual effort of finding useful publications on the Web Discovering relevant scientific literature on the Web KD Bollacker S Lawrence CL Giles Intelligent Systems and Their Applications, IEEE [see also IEEE Intelligent Systems], Vol. 15, No. 2. (2000), pp. 42-47. 2006-06-28T20:41:44-00:00 2000 Intelligent Systems and Their Applications, IEEE [see also IEEE Intelligent Systems] 15 2 42 47 information_retrieval literature research science web http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/714956 <i>(1999)</i> Integrating Knowledge-based and Collaborative-filtering Recommender Systems Robin Burke (1999) 2006-06-28T20:40:52-00:00 1999 collaborative_filtering recommendations http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/615956 <i>Internet Computing, IEEE, Vol. 7, No. 1. (2003), pp. 76-80.</i><br /><br />Recommendation algorithms are best known for their use on e-commerce Web sites, where they use input about a customer's interests to generate a list of recommended items. Many applications use only the items that customers purchase and explicitly rate to represent their interests, but they can also use other attributes, including items viewed, demographic data, subject interests, and favorite artists. At Amazon.com, we use recommendation algorithms to personalize the online store for each customer. The store radically changes based on customer interests, showing programming titles to a software engineer and baby toys to a new mother. There are three common approaches to solving the recommendation problem: traditional collaborative filtering, cluster models, and search-based methods. Here, we compare these methods with our algorithm, which we call item-to-item collaborative filtering. Unlike traditional collaborative filtering, our algorithm's online computation scales independently of the number of customers and number of items in the product catalog. Our algorithm produces recommendations in real-time, scales to massive data sets, and generates high quality recommendations. Amazon.com recommendations: item-to-item collaborative filtering G Linden B Smith J York Internet Computing, IEEE, Vol. 7, No. 1. (2003), pp. 76-80. 2006-05-07T06:19:33-00:00 2003 Internet Computing, IEEE 7 1 76 80 amazon collaborative filtering recommendations http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/265490 <i>(1999), pp. 230-237.</i> An algorithmic framework for performing collaborative filtering Jonathan Herlocker Joseph Konstan Al Borchers John Riedl doi:10.1145/312624.312682 (1999), pp. 230-237. 2005-07-26T15:24:09-00:00 1999 230 237 ACM Press collaborative_filtering framework http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/714953 <i>Artificial Intelligence Review, Vol. 13, No. 5 - 6. (December 1999), pp. 393-408.</i> A Framework for Collaborative, Content-Based and Demographic Filtering Michael Pazzani doi:10.1023/A:1006544522159 Artificial Intelligence Review, Vol. 13, No. 5 - 6. (December 1999), pp. 393-408. 2006-06-28T20:36:13-00:00 1999 Artificial Intelligence Review 13 5 - 6 393 408 collaborative_filtering http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/486166 <i>Commun. ACM, Vol. 35, No. 12. (December 1992), pp. 61-70.</i> Using collaborative filtering to weave an information tapestry David Goldberg David Nichols Brian Oki Douglas Terry doi:10.1145/138859.138867 Commun. ACM, Vol. 35, No. 12. (December 1992), pp. 61-70. 2006-01-30T21:21:52-00:00 1992 Commun. ACM 0001-0782 35 12 61 70 ACM Press collaborative_filtering http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/233006 <i>(29 March 2000)</i><br /><br />"The book that explains why you really hate computers."<p> I've admired Jef Raskin for years. For those who don't know, he is the "Father of the Macintosh," one of the original geniuses who guided the Mac in the early days. But, more than a computer scientist, Raskin is a cognitive psychologist. He studies how the brain works with special emphasis on how that relates to us using computers. His magnum opus was the Canon Cat, which was an excellent and well-thought-out little computer.<p> In <I>The Humane Interface</I>, Raskin goes into detail describing how computers can be made easier to understand and use. Ever want to know why you really don't like Windows? The answer is in this book. In fact, there's so much in this book that makes sense, I really want to send a copy to every employee at Microsoft. <p> I loved reading this book and nodding my head in rabid agreement. Raskin states, "There has never been any technical reason for a computer to take more than a few seconds to begin operation when it is turned on." So why then does Windows (or Linux!) take so darn long to start up? The PalmPilot is on instantly, as is your cell phone. But for some reason, we tolerate the computer taking a few eons to start. (And until consumers complain about it, things won't change.)<p> Computers can be easy to use, and the people who design them and design software need to read this book. Do you ever get the impression that the person who designed a piece of software must have come from the same company that designed the front panel on your VCR? Why should you have to double-click anything? What does Ctrl+D mean one thing in one program and a completely different thing in another? And what's the point of the Yes/No confirmation if the user is in the habit of clicking Yes without thinking about it? Raskin neatly probes all these areas.<p> While I admire everything Raskin has to say, the book is pretty heavy on the psychology end. Myself, I enjoy cognitive psychology (especially books by Raskin's cohort Donald Norman), though some may find that part of the book boring. Even so, Raskin builds and backs his argument in a most eloquent and scientific manner. Especially if you design software or need to teach or train people to use computers, this book deserves a spot on your shelf. <I>--Dan Gookin</I> This unique guide to interactive system design reflects the experience and vision of Jef Raskin, the creator of the Apple Macintosh project. Other books may show how to use today's widgets and interface ideas effectively. Raskin, however, demonstrates that many current interface paradigms are dead ends, and that to make computers significantly easier to use requires new approaches. He explains how to effect desperately needed changes, offering a wealth of innovative and specific interface ideas for software designers, developers, and product managers. The Apple Macintosh helped to introduce a previous revolution in computer interface design, drawing on the best available technology to establish many of the interface techniques and methods now universal in the computer industry. With this book, Raskin proves again both his farsightedness and his practicality. He also demonstrates how design ideas must be built on a scientific basis, presenting just enough cognitive psychology to link the interface of the future to the experimental evidence and to show why that interface will work. Raskin observes that our honeymoon with digital technology is over: We are tired of having to learn huge, arcane programs to do even the simplest of tasks; we have had our fill of crashing computers; and we are fatigued by the continual pressure to upgrade. The Humane Interface delivers a way for computers, information appliances, and other technology-driven products to continue to advance in power and expand their range of applicability, while becoming free of the hassles and obscurities that plague present products. The Humane Interface: New Directions for Designing Interactive Systems Jef Raskin (29 March 2000) 2005-06-21T01:02:15-00:00 2000 Addison-Wesley Professional interface_design usability webdesign http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/217178 <i>(15 May 1999)</i> Modern Information Retrieval Ricardo Baeza-Yates Berthier Ribeiro-Neto (15 May 1999) 2005-06-02T21:50:05-00:00 1999 Addison Wesley datamining hypertext indexing information_retrieval metadata search http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/664041 <i>(2006), pp. 36-39.</i> Why do tagging systems work? George Furnas Caterina Fake Luis von Ahn Joshua Schachter Scott Golder Kevin Fox Marc Davis Cameron Marlow Mor Naaman doi:10.1145/1125451.1125462 (2006), pp. 36-39. 2006-05-22T07:30:23-00:00 2006 36 39 ACM Press colaboration folksonomy tagging vocabulary http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/117727 <i>Commun. ACM, Vol. 30, No. 11. (November 1987), pp. 964-971.</i> The vocabulary problem in human-system communication GW Furnas TK Landauer LM Gomez ST Dumais doi:10.1145/32206.32212 Commun. ACM, Vol. 30, No. 11. (November 1987), pp. 964-971. 2005-03-09T12:29:26-00:00 1987 Commun. ACM 0001-0782 30 11 964 971 ACM Press colaboration communication vocabulary http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/658896 <i>(May 2006)</i> Semantic Wikipedia Max Völkel Markus Krötzsch Denny Vrandecic Heiko Haller Rudi Studer (May 2006) 2006-05-20T11:51:49-00:00 2006 semantic_web wikipedia http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/644885 <i></i> Tagging durch Benutzer im OPAC: Einige Probleme und Ideen 2006-05-18T14:46:16-00:00 academic library social_software tagging web_20 http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/239370 <i>(01 May 2004)</i><br /><br />"The computer world is like an intellectual Wild West, in which you can shoot anyone you wish with your ideas, if you're willing to risk the consequences. " --from <i>Hackers & Painters: Big Ideas from the Computer Age</i>, by Paul Graham<p>We are living in the computer age, in a world increasingly designed and engineered by computer programmers and software designers, by people who call themselves hackers. Who are these people, what motivates them, and why should you care?<p>Consider these facts: Everything around us is turning into computers. Your typewriter is gone, replaced by a computer. Your phone has turned into a computer. So has your camera. Soon your TV will. Your car was not only designed on computers, but has more processing power in it than a room-sized mainframe did in 1970. Letters, encyclopedias, newspapers, and even your local store are being replaced by the Internet.<p><i>Hackers & Painters: Big Ideas from the Computer Age</i>, by Paul Graham, explains this world and the motivations of the people who occupy it. In clear, thoughtful prose that draws on illuminating historical examples, Graham takes readers on an unflinching exploration into what he calls "an intellectual Wild West."<p>The ideas discussed in this book will have a powerful and lasting impact on how we think, how we work, how we develop technology, and how we live. Topics include the importance of beauty in software design, how to make wealth, heresy and free speech, the programming language renaissance, the open-source movement, digital design, Internet startups, and more.<p>And here's a taste of what you'll find in <i>Hackers & Painters</i>:<p>"In most fields the great work is done early on. The paintings made between 1430 and 1500 are still unsurpassed. Shakespeare appeared just as professional theater was being born, and pushed the medium so far that every playwright since has had to live in his shadow. Albrecht Durer did the same thing with engraving, and Jane Austen with the novel.<p>Over and over we see the same pattern. A new medium appears, and people are so excited about it that they explore most of its possibilities in the first couple generations. Hacking seems to be in this phase now.<p>Painting was not, in Leonardo's time, as cool as his work helped make it. How cool hacking turns out to be will depend on what we can do with this new medium."<p>Andy Hertzfeld, co-creator of the Macintosh computer, says about <i>Hackers & Painters</i>: "Paul Graham is a hacker, painter and a terrific writer. His lucid, humorous prose is brimming with contrarian insight and practical wisdom on writing great code at the intersection of art, science and commerce."<p>Paul Graham, designer of the new Arc language, was the creator of Yahoo Store, the first web-based application. In addition to his PhD in Computer Science from Harvard, Graham also studied painting at the Rhode Island School of Design and the Accademia di Belle Arti in Florence. Hackers and Painters: Big Ideas from the Computer Age Paul Graham (01 May 2004) 2005-06-28T07:09:40-00:00 2004 O'Reilly business internet web http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/76593 <i>netWorker, Vol. 7, No. 3. (September 2003), pp. 18-23.</i> The rise of social software Michele Tepper doi:10.1145/940830.940831 netWorker, Vol. 7, No. 3. (September 2003), pp. 18-23. 2005-01-13T06:51:52-00:00 2003 netWorker 1091-3556 7 3 18 23 ACM Press social_software web_20 http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/162144 <i>(2004), pp. 349-357.</i><br /><br />Today people typically read and annotate printed documents even if they are obtained from electronic sources like digital libraries If there is a reason for them to share these personal annotations online, they must re-enter them. Given the advent of better computer support for reading and annotation, including tablet interfaces, will people ever share their personal digital ink annotations as is, or will they make substantial changes to them? What can we do to anticipate and support the transition from personal to public annotations? To investigate these questions, we performed a study to characterize and compare students' personal annotations as they read assigned papers with those they shared with each other using an online system. By analyzing over 1, 700 annotations, we confirmed three hypotheses: (1) only a small fraction of annotations made while reading are directly related to those shared in discussion; (2) some types of annotations - those that consist of anchors in the text coupled with margin notes - are more apt to be the basis of public commentary than other types of annotations; and (3) personal annotations undergo dramatic changes when they are shared in discussion, both in content and in how they are anchored to the source document. We then use these findings to explore ways to support the transition from personal to public annotations. Exploring the relationship between personal and public annotations Catherine Marshall Bernheim Brush doi:10.1145/996350.996432 (2004), pp. 349-357. 2005-04-15T19:36:58-00:00 2004 349 357 ACM Press annotation tagging http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/163128 <i>Journal of the American Society for Information Science, Vol. 49, No. 13. (12 December 1998), pp. 1185-1205.</i><br /><br />Discussion in the research community and among the general public regarding content indexing (especially subject indexing) and access to digital resources, especially on the Internet, has underutilized research on a variety of factors that are important in the design of such access mechanisms. Some of these factors and issues are reviewed and implications drawn for information system design in the era of electronic access. Specifically the following are discussed: <I >Human factors:</I > Subject searching vs. indexing, multiple terms of access, folk classification, basic-level terms, and folk access; <I >Database factors:</I > Bradford's Law, vocabulary scalability, the Resnikoff-Dolby 30:1 Rule; <I >Domain factors:</I > Role of domain in indexing. Indexing and access for digital libraries and the internet: Human, database, and domain factors Marcia Bates doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4571(1998110)49:13<1185::AID-ASI6>3.0.CO;2-V Journal of the American Society for Information Science, Vol. 49, No. 13. (12 December 1998), pp. 1185-1205. 2005-04-17T18:03:47-00:00 1998 Journal of the American Society for Information Science 1097-4571 49 13 1185 1205 folksonomy indexing tagging http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/517112 <i>Journal of Documentation, Vol. 58, No. 1. (January 2002), pp. 49-65.</i><br /><br />Abstract: The paper discusses the consistency of fiction indexing of library professionals and patrons based on an empirical test. Indexing was carried out with a Finnish fictional thesaurus and all of the test persons indexed the same five novels. The consistency of indexing was determined to be low; several reasons are postulated. Also an algorithm for typified indexing of fiction is given as well as some suggestions for the development of fiction information retrieval systems and content representation. Consistency of subject indexing of novels by public library professionals and patrons J Saarti Journal of Documentation, Vol. 58, No. 1. (January 2002), pp. 49-65. 2006-02-23T15:32:34-00:00 2002 Journal of Documentation 58 1 49 65 consistency indexing novel tagging http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/336118 <i>(26 May 2003)</i><br /><br />We argue that social networks differ from most other types of networks, including technological and biological networks, in two important ways. First, they have non-trivial clustering or network transitivity, and second, they show positive correlations, also called assortative mixing, between the degrees of adjacent vertices. Social networks are often divided into groups or communities, and it has recently been suggested that this division could account for the observed clustering. We demonstrate that group structure in networks can also account for degree correlations. We show using a simple model that we should expect assortative mixing in such networks whenever there is variation in the sizes of the groups and that the predicted level of assortative mixing compares well with that observed in real-world networks. Why social networks are different from other types of networks MEJ Newman Juyong Park (26 May 2003) 2005-09-30T09:20:29-00:00 2003 network social_software tagging http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/111664 <i>(15 August 2002)</i><br /><br />Mining the Web: Discovering Knowledge from Hypertext Data is the first book devoted entirely to techniques for producing knowledge from the vast body of unstructured Web data. Building on an initial survey of infrastructural issuesincluding Web crawling and indexingChakrabarti examines low-level machine learning techniques as they relate specifically to the challenges of Web mining. He then devotes the final part of the book to applications that unite infrastructure and analysis to bring machine learning to bear on systematically acquired and stored data. Here the focus is on results: the strengths and weaknesses of these applications, along with their potential as foundations for further progress. From Chakrabarti's workpainstaking, critical, and forward-lookingreaders will gain the theoretical and practical understanding they need to contribute to the Web mining effort.<br><br>* A comprehensive, critical exploration of statistics-based attempts to make sense of Web Mining.<br>* Details the special challenges associated with analyzing unstructured and semi-structured data.<br>* Looks at how classical Information Retrieval techniques have been modified for use with Web data.<br>* Focuses on today's dominant learning methods: clustering and classification, hyperlink analysis, and supervised and semi-supervised learning.<br>* Analyzes current applications for resource discovery and social network analysis.<br>* An excellent way to introduce students to especially vital applications of data mining and machine learning technology.</li></ul> Mining the Web: Analysis of Hypertext and Semi Structured Data Soumen Chakrabarti (15 August 2002) 2005-03-02T15:59:19-00:00 2002 Morgan Kaufmann automatic clustering datamining hypertext tagging http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/584818 <i>Intelligent Robots and Systems, 1999. IROS '99. Proceedings. 1999 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on, Vol. 2 (1999), pp. 858-863 vol.2.</i><br /><br />In order to interact socially with a human, a robot must convey intentionality, that is, the human must believe that the robot has beliefs, desires, and intentions. We have constructed a robot which exploits natural human social tendencies to convey intentionality through motor actions and facial expressions. We present results on the integration of perception, attention, motivation, behavior, and motor systems which allow the robot to engage in infant-like interactions with a human caregiver How to build robots that make friends and influence people C Breazeal B Scassellati doi:10.1109/IROS.1999.812787 Intelligent Robots and Systems, 1999. IROS '99. Proceedings. 1999 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on, Vol. 2 (1999), pp. 858-863 vol.2. 2006-04-13T07:57:40-00:00 1999 Intelligent Robots and Systems, 1999. IROS '99. Proceedings. 1999 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on 2 858 863 vol.2 affective computing robotics social_software http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/340626 <i>(01 November 1998)</i><br /><br />Beyond the Net, say Foster, Kesselman, and a host of impressive contributors, lies the Grid. While the Net allows users everywhere to share information, the Grid will allow users to share raw computing power. The goal is to put full supercomputing capabilities into the hands of anyone who needs it while providing for more efficient use of the supercomputers of tomorrow. The potential benefits to science, government, and business may well be beyond imagination.<p> Foster and Kesselman have gathered together essays, proposals, and ruminations of more than 30 distinguished stars of the high-speed computing and networking world in order to do four things: make the case for developing computational grids, provide ideas on how such grids may be designed, demonstrate how the grids might be used, and point out the research still needed to make it happen. While the book was written to serve as a possible textbook in advanced networking, it makes fascinating reading for anyone interested in the future of network computing.<p> The text covers Grid applications, the programming tools required, the services that will be provided, and an examination of Grid infrastructure. Despite being the work of so many authors, the chapters are logically arranged so that the knowledge needed to understand one chapter is provided by those that precede it. <I>--Elizabeth Lewis</I> The grid promises to fundamentally change the way we think about and use computing. This infrastructure will connect multiple regional and national computational grids, creating a universal source of pervasive and dependable computing power that supports dramatically new classes of applications. The Grid provides a clear vision of what computational grids are, why we need them, who will use them, and how they will be programmed.<br><br>Inside The Grid<br>* Written by over 30 distinguished experts in high-performance computing and networking, including Francine Berman, Tom DeFanti, Jack Dongarra, Dennis Gannon, Roch Guerin, Ken Kennedy, Miron Livny, Paul Messina, Reagan Moore, Clifford Neuman, Larry Peterson, Jon Postel, and Daniel Reed.<br><br>* Edited by the winners of the prestigious 1998 Global Information Infrastructure Next Generation Award—an awards program characterized by U.S. Vice President Al Gore as "confirm[ing] our brightest hopes: that the positive uses of high technology will truly open up new opportunities for all Americans and improve our quality of life."<br><br>* Introduced by Larry Smarr, director of National Center for Supercomputing Applications and director of the National Computational Science Alliance, with a chapter that puts grids in context. The Grid: Blueprint for a New Computing Infrastructure Carl Kesselman Ian Foster (01 November 1998) 2005-10-04T13:23:33-00:00 1998 Morgan Kaufmann Publishers computing grid http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/620778 <i>The American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 94, No. 3. (1988), pp. 502-534.</i><br /><br />Most analyses of collective action agree that overcoming the freerider problem requires organizing potential contributors, thus making their decisions interdependent. The potential for organizing depends on the social ties in the group, particularly on the overall density or frequency of ties, on the extent to which they are centralized in a few individuals, and on the costs of communicating and coordinating actions through these ties. Mathematical analysis and computer simulations extend a formal microsocial theory of interdependent collective action to treat social networks and organization costs. As expected, the overall density of social ties in a group improves its prospects for collective action. More significant, because less expected, are the findings that show that the centralization of network ties always has a positive effect on collective action and that the negative effect of costs on collective action declines as the group's resource or interest heterogeneity increases. These nonobvious results are due to the powerful effects of selectivity, the organizer's ability to concentrate organizing efforts on those individuals whose potential contributions are the largest. Social Networks and Collective Action: A Theory of the Critical Mass. III Gerald Marwell Pamela Oliver Ralph Prahl The American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 94, No. 3. (1988), pp. 502-534. 2006-05-09T23:38:57-00:00 1988 The American Journal of Sociology 94 3 502 534 folksonomy social_software web_20 http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/452911 <i>Queue, Vol. 3, No. 9. (November 2005), pp. 28-35.</i> Social bookmarking in the enterprise David Millen Jonathan Feinberg Bernard Kerr doi:10.1145/1105664.1105676 Queue, Vol. 3, No. 9. (November 2005), pp. 28-35. 2005-12-29T17:03:58-00:00 2005 Queue 1542-7730 3 9 28 35 ACM Press business folksonomy social_bookmarking web_20 http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/449843 <i></i> O'Reilly Network: What Is Web 2.0 Tim O'Reilly 2005-12-25T22:21:09-00:00 folksonomy social_software web_20 http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/621030 <i></i> ACM Ubiquity - Interfaces for Staying in the Flow Benjamin Bederson 2006-05-10T09:52:58-00:00 flow interface_design http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/356473 <i></i> A cognitive analysis of tagging Sinha Rashmi 2005-10-20T16:10:38-00:00 metadata tagging http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/90413 <i></i> Folksonomies - Cooperative Classification and Communication Through Shared Metadata Adam Mathes 2005-02-08T16:05:52-00:00 folksonomy metadata social_software tagging http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/573611 <i></i> adaptive path » metadata for the masses Peter Merholz 2006-04-03T02:36:37-00:00 tagging web_20 http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/616929 <i></i> The evolution of search Andrew Lawrence 2006-05-07T21:53:25-00:00 search tagging http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/303213 <i>Nature, Vol. 436, No. 7054. (2005), pp. 1066-1066.</i> Join a social revolution doi:10.1038/4361066a Nature, Vol. 436, No. 7054. (2005), pp. 1066-1066. 2005-08-25T09:37:52-00:00 2005 Nature 436 7054 1066 1066 connotea social_software http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/163244 <i>D-Lib Magazine, Vol. 11 (April 2005)</i> Social Bookmarking Tools (II): A Case Study - Connotea Ben Lund Tony Hammond Martin Flack Timo Hannay doi:10.1045/april2005-lund D-Lib Magazine, Vol. 11 (April 2005) 2005-04-18T02:08:45-00:00 2005 D-Lib Magazine 11 social_bookmarking social_software web_20 http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/612174 <i>D-Lib Magazine, Vol. 12 (January 2006)</i> Folksonomies: Tidying up Tags? Marieke Guy Emma Tonkin doi:10.1045/january2006-guy D-Lib Magazine, Vol. 12 (January 2006) 2006-05-03T11:46:08-00:00 2006 D-Lib Magazine 12 folksonomy social_bookmarking social_software tagging http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/162869 <i>D-Lib Magazine, Vol. 11 (April 2005)</i> Social Bookmarking Tools (I): A General Review Tony Hammond Timo Hannay Ben Lund Joanna Scott doi:10.1045/april2005-hammond D-Lib Magazine, Vol. 11 (April 2005) 2005-04-17T03:49:46-00:00 2005 D-Lib Magazine 11 folksonomy social_bookmarking social_software tagging http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/346599 <i>netWorker, Vol. 9, No. 3. (September 2005), pp. 16-23.</i><br /><br />Though the overall health of the tech sector may have looked bleak a few years back---at least in the eyes of financial analysts---a blend of old and new ideas, evolving technologies, and changing cultural values have recently given the online world new vigor. With content derived primarily by community contribution, popular and influential services like Flickr and Wikipedia represent the emergence of "collective intelligence" as the new driving force behind the evolution of the Internet. The power of collective intelligence Aaron Weiss doi:10.1145/1086762.1086763 netWorker, Vol. 9, No. 3. (September 2005), pp. 16-23. 2005-10-10T03:30:29-00:00 2005 netWorker 1091-3556 9 3 16 23 ACM Press folksonomy social_software http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/503143 <i>(November 2005)</i><br /><br />The growth in digital resource repositories flickr and del.icio.us, mirrors the growth of Folksonomies to support resource classification and access. Despite this phenomenon, little is known about the effectiveness of folksonomy for retrieval and organization. Little is also known about their structure and the types of semantic relationships among folksonomy terms. This study analyzes folksonomy metadata for hierarchal semantic relationships via a content analysis of approximately 2000 folksonomy tags in over 600 individual entries. The terms were classified into groups and analyzed for hierarchical relationships. The results indicate that hierarchical relationships are part of Folksonomies. The conclusion briefly explores the potential value of thesauri for Folksonomy development, and the value of Folksonomies to thesauri developers. Hierarchical Subject Relationships in Folksonomies Sam Kome (November 2005) 2006-02-12T22:41:44-00:00 2005 folksonomy social_software http://www.citeulike.org/user/ak/article/200788 <i>(22 October 1999)</i><br /><br />Is this book sociology, anthropology, or taxonomy? <I>Sorting Things Out</I>, by communications theorists Geoffrey C. Bowker and Susan Leigh Star, covers a lot of conceptual ground in its effort to sort out exactly how and why we classify and categorize the things and concepts we encounter day to day. But the analysis doesn't stop there; the authors go on to explore what happens to our thinking as a result of our classifications. With great insight and precise academic language, they pick apart our information systems and language structures that lie deeper than the everyday categories we use. The authors focus first on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), a widely used scheme used by health professionals worldwide, but also look at other health information systems, racial classifications used by South Africa during apartheid, and more.<p> Though it comes off as a bit too academic at times (by the end of the 20th century, most writers should be able to get the spelling of McDonald's restaurant right), the book has a clever charm that thoughtful readers will surely appreciate. A sly sense of humor sneaks into the writing, giving rise to the chapter title "The Kindness of Strangers," for example. After arguing that categorization is both strongly influenced by and a powerful reinforcer of ideology, it follows that revolutions (political or scientific) must change the way things are sorted in order to throw over the old system. Who knew that such simple, basic elements of thought could have such far-reaching consequences? Whether you ultimately place it with social science, linguistics, or (as the authors fear) fantasy, make sure you put <I>Sorting Things Out</I> in your reading pile. <I>--Rob Lightner</I> Sorting Things Out: Classification and Its Consequences (Inside Technology) Geoffrey Bowker Susan Star (22 October 1999) 2005-05-15T17:34:37-00:00 1999 The MIT Press folksonomy information_retrieval social_software tagging web_20