Sun, 27 Jul 2008 06:24:17 BST CiteULike: bigbossman's watchlist http://www.citeulike.org/user/bigbossman/watchlist CiteULike.org en-gb Copyright © 2004-2008 citeulike.org http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1320168 <i>Phys. Rev. D, Vol. 73, No. 4. (February 2006), 043515.</i><br /><br />We present results from a detailed numerical study of the small-scale and loop production properties of cosmic string networks, based on the largest and highest resolution string simulations to date. We investigate the nontrivial fractal properties of cosmic strings, in particular, the fractal dimension and renormalized string mass per unit length, and we also study velocity correlations. We demonstrate important differences between string networks in flat (Minkowski) spacetime and the two very similar expanding cases. For high resolution matter era network simulations, we provide strong evidence that small-scale structure has converged to “scaling” on all dynamical length scales, without the need for other radiative damping mechanisms. We also discuss preliminary evidence that the dominant loop production size is also approaching scaling. Fractal properties and small-scale structure of cosmic string networks CJ Martins EP Shellard doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.73.043515 Phys. Rev. D, Vol. 73, No. 4. (February 2006), 043515. 2007-05-22T23:46:25-00:00 2006 Phys. Rev. D 73 4 043515 fractal network http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1320159 <i>ArXiv High Energy Physics - Phenomenology e-prints (December 1997)</i><br /><br />I report on some work in progress on the dynamics of extended objects in field theories after a rapid phase transition, as is relevant in the early Universe. An analytic technique, originally introduced to approximate the dynamics of topological defects in condensed matter systems, is extended to cover relativistic objects. An exact formula for the area density of domain walls in $D$ dimensions is derived. Ordering Dynamics of Topological Defect Networks M Hindmarsh ArXiv High Energy Physics - Phenomenology e-prints (December 1997) 2007-05-22T23:41:31-00:00 1997 ArXiv High Energy Physics - Phenomenology e-prints dynamics ordering topological-defect http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1320143 <i>ArXiv General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology e-prints (January 2001)</i><br /><br />Topological defects experimentally induced by rotational dynamics in a continuous media replicate the coherent structure features of cosmic strings as well as hadrons. Falaco Solitons, Cosmic Strings in a Swimming Pool RM Kiehn ArXiv General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology e-prints (January 2001) 2007-05-22T23:31:17-00:00 2001 ArXiv General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology e-prints oscillons solitons topological-defect topological-defects http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1320134 <i>Journal of Mathematical Physics, Vol. 47, No. 11. (2006)</i><br /><br />As a ramification of a motivational discussion for previous joint work, in which equations of motion for the finite spectral action of the standard model were derived, we provide a new analysis of the results of the calculations therein, switching from the perspective of spectral triple to that of Fredholm module and thus from the analogy with Riemannian geometry to the premetrical structure of the noncommutative geometry. Using a suggested noncommutative version of Morse theory together with algebraic K theory to analyze the vacuum solutions, the first two summands of the algebra for the finite triple of the standard model arise up to Morita equivalence. We also demonstrate a new vacuum solution whose features are compatible with the physical mass matrix. ©2006 American Institute of Physics Noncommutative geometry, topology, and the standard model vacuum Dawe Martins doi:10.1063/1.2374880 Journal of Mathematical Physics, Vol. 47, No. 11. (2006) 2007-05-22T23:25:24-00:00 2006 Journal of Mathematical Physics 47 11 AIP noncommutative quantum-vacuum standard-model http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/414294 <i>Pervasive Computing, IEEE, Vol. 4, No. 4. (2005), pp. 91-94.</i><br /><br />This issue's column focuses on integrating research and teaching. John Zimmerman (Carnegie Mellon University) used a group project in introductory interaction design courses to develop and refine video sketches as a prototyping method for pervasive computing. Video Sketches: Exploring Pervasive Computing Interaction Designs J Zimmerman Pervasive Computing, IEEE, Vol. 4, No. 4. (2005), pp. 91-94. 2005-11-30T12:32:36-00:00 2005 Pervasive Computing, IEEE 4 4 91 94 sketches http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1284627 <i>(2003)</i><br /><br />iCAP is a system that assists users in prototyping contextaware applications. iCAP supports sketching for creating input and output devices, and using these devices to design interaction rules, which can be prototyped in a simulated or real context-aware environment. We were motivated to build our system by the lack of tools currently available for developing rich sensor-based applications. We iterated on the design of our system using paper prototypes and obtained feedback from fellow... iCAP: An Informal Tool for Interactive Prototyping of Context-Aware Applications T Sohn A Dey (2003) 2007-05-09T06:07:39-00:00 2003 interactive prototyping specification http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1295368 <i></i><br /><br />this paper, we will present an initial implementation of our visual environment for supporting end-user prototyping and present ideas for other end-user prototyping environments Supporting End User Programming of Context-Aware Applications Anind Dey Tim Sohn 2007-05-14T15:34:41-00:00 end-user-programming http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/107642 <i>(1993), pp. 293-300.</i> Marquise: creating complete user interfaces by demonstration Brad Myers Richard Mcdaniel David Kosbie doi:10.1145/169059.169225 (1993), pp. 293-300. 2005-03-01T11:05:05-00:00 1993 293 300 ACM Press end-user-programming http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319994 <i>(2004)</i><br /><br />Financial companies, engineering firms and even scientists create increasingly larger spreadsheets and spreadsheet programs. The creators of large spreadsheets make errors and must track them down. One common class of errors concerns unit errors, because spreadsheets often employ formulas with physical or monetary units. Validating the unit correctness of spreadsheet programs T Antoniu P Steckler S Krishnamurthi E Neuwirth M Felleisen (2004) 2007-05-22T19:39:03-00:00 2004 end-user-programming programming spreadsheet http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319996 <i></i><br /><br />Introduction Having the computer imitate recorded human actions is the basis for an experimental technology for programming, variously called "Programming by Example" or "Programming by Demonstration". This is an under-appreciated technology that holds the promise of revolutionizing programming and making it more accessible, especially to non-expert programmers. Because imitation is a natural learning strategy for people, it can help alleviate the barriers of abstraction and lack of ... Art Imitates Life: Programming by Example as an Imitation Game Henry Lieberman 2007-05-22T19:40:14-00:00 games imitation programming-by-example http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319992 <i>(2004)</i><br /><br />this article, we describe how these devices can be used by end-user programmers. We also summarize the results of our empirical investigations into the usefulness and effectiveness of these devices for promoting dependability in end-user programming End-user software engineering M Burnett C Cook G Rothermel (2004) 2007-05-22T19:35:34-00:00 2004 end-user-programming http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319990 <i>New Generation Computing, Vol. 15, No. 1. (1997), pp. 27-58.</i><br /><br />. Planning is investigated in an area where classical Strips- like approaches usually fail. The application domain is therapy (i.e. repair) for complex dynamic processes. The peculiarities of this domain are discussed in some detail for convincingly developing the characteristics of the inductive planning approach presented. Plans are intended to be run for process therapy. Thus, plans are programs. Because of the unavoidable vagueness and uncertainty of information about complex dynamic... Inductive Program Synthesis for Therapy Plan Generation O Arnold KP Jantke New Generation Computing, Vol. 15, No. 1. (1997), pp. 27-58. 2007-05-22T19:33:44-00:00 1997 New Generation Computing 15 1 27 58 program synthesis http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319986 <i>(1993)</i><br /><br />This thesis considers the problem of program correctness within a rich theory of dependent types, the Extended Calculus of Constructions (ECC). This system contains a powerful programming language of higher-order primitive recursion and higher-order intuitionistic logic. It is supported by Pollack's versatile LEGO implementation, which I use extensively to develop the mathematical constructions studied here. I systematically investigate Burstall's notion of deliverable, that is, a program... Deliverables: A categorical approach to program development in type theory James Mckinna Rod Burstall (1993) 2007-05-22T19:29:20-00:00 1993 category-theory programming type-theory http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319985 <i>(1998)</i><br /><br />This paper give the full transcript of the Coq axiomatisation. In this note we develop one possible axiomatisation of the notion of category by modeling objects as types and Hom-sets as Hom-setoids of arrows parameterized by their domain and codomain types. Thus we may quotient arrows, but not objects. We develop in this setting functors, as functions on objects, and extentional maps on arrows. We show that CAT is a category, and we do not need to distinguish to this effect "small" and "big"... Constructive category theory G Huet A Ibi (1998) 2007-05-22T19:29:10-00:00 1998 category-theory constructive-category-theory http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319983 <i>Comput. Math. Organ. Theory, Vol. 7, No. 4. (December 2001), pp. 311-330.</i> On a Mathematical Comparison between Hierarchy and Network with a Classification of Coordination Structures Kazunari Ishida Toshizumi Ohta doi:10.1023/A:1013454200524 Comput. Math. Organ. Theory, Vol. 7, No. 4. (December 2001), pp. 311-330. 2007-05-22T19:27:22-00:00 2001 Comput. Math. Organ. Theory 7 4 311 330 Kluwer Academic Publishers classification coordination hierarchy network http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319982 <i>(1997), pp. 333-348.</i><br /><br />. This paper presents a static semantic analysis for CASL, the Common Algebraic Specification Language. Abstract syntax trees are generated including subsorts and overloaded functions and predicates. The static semantic analysis, through the implementation of an overload resolution algorithm, checks and qualifies these abstract syntax trees. The result is a fully qualified CASL abstract syntax tree where the overloading has been resolved. This abstract syntax tree corresponds to a theory in the ... Static semantic analysis and theorem proving for CASL Till Mossakowski Kolyang Bernd Bruckner (1997), pp. 333-348. 2007-05-22T19:25:57-00:00 1997 333 348 casl proof specification http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319981 <i>(2000), pp. 170-176.</i> The Nuprl Open Logical Environment Stuart Allen Robert Constable Rich Eaton Christoph Kreitz Lori Lorigo (2000), pp. 170-176. 2007-05-22T19:23:49-00:00 2000 170 176 Springer-Verlag atp nuprl http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/447343 <i>(1996), pp. 621-626.</i><br /><br />The logic of context with the ist (c; p) modality has been proposed by McCarthy as a foundation for contextual reasoning. This paper shows that propositional logic of context is NP-complete and therefore more tractable than multimodal logics or Multi Language hierarchical logics which are PSPACE-complete. This result is given in a proof-theoretical way by providing a tableau calculus, which can be used as a decision procedure for automated reasoning. The computational gap between logic of... Contextual Reasoning Is NP-Complete Fabio Massacci (1996), pp. 621-626. 2005-12-22T21:25:35-00:00 1996 621 626 AAAI Press contextual-reasoning inferencing np-completeness http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319980 <i>ZB 2002: Formal Specification and Development in Z and B: 2nd International Conference of B and Z Users, Grenoble, France, January 23-25, 2002. Proceedings (2002), pp. 131-138.</i><br /><br />The purpose of this paper is to try to put theory presentation and structuring in the simplest possible logical setting in order to improve our understanding of it. We look at how theories can be combined, and compared for strength. We look at theory refinement and implementation, and what constitutes proof of correctness. Our examples come from both the functional style and imperative (state-changing) style of theory. Finally, we explore how one implementation can be transformed to another. Theories, Implementations, and Transformations Eric Hehner Ioannis Kassios ZB 2002: Formal Specification and Development in Z and B: 2nd International Conference of B and Z Users, Grenoble, France, January 23-25, 2002. Proceedings (2002), pp. 131-138. 2007-05-22T19:22:39-00:00 2002 ZB 2002: Formal Specification and Development in Z and B: 2nd International Conference of B and Z Users, Grenoble, France, January 23-25, 2002. Proceedings 131 138 formal-development http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319979 <i></i><br /><br />Our general interest is to understand the inherent complexity of contextual reasoning. In this paper we establish the bounded model property for propositional multi-context systems with finite sets of bridge rules: the number of local models needed to satisfy a set of formulas in such systems is bounded by the number of formulas in that set plus the number of bridge rules of the system. Using this result we achieve NP-completeness and a tractable encoding of contextual satisfiability into... Bounded Model Property for Multi-Context Sytems F Roelofsen 2007-05-22T19:20:15-00:00 multi-context-sytem http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319975 <i>ArXiv Physics e-prints (October 2005)</i><br /><br />Considering that the rays in the Michelson-Morley interferometer perform the radar detection of its mirrors, we use a relativistic diagram that displays, at a convenient scale, their location and the path of the rays. This approach convinces us that the rays that come from the two arms interfere with zero phase difference without using the usual ingredient, length contraction. Illustrating the Michelson-Morley experiment B Rothenstein S Popescu GJ Spix ArXiv Physics e-prints (October 2005) 2007-05-22T19:18:08-00:00 2005 ArXiv Physics e-prints michelson-morley-experiment http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319971 <i>ArXiv Physics e-prints (November 2003)</i><br /><br />The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed to detect the relative motion of the Earth with respect to a preferred reference frame, the ether, by measuring the fringe shifts in an optical interferometer. These shifts, that should have been proportional to the square of the Earth's velocity, were found to be much smaller than expected. As a consequence, that experiment was taken as an evidence that there is no ether and, as such, played a crucial role for deciding between Lorentzian Relativity and Einstein's Special Relativity. However, according to some authors, the observed Earth's velocity was not negligibly small. To provide an independent check, we have re-analyzed the fringe shifts observed in each of the six different sessions of the Michelson-Morley experiment. They are consistent with a non-zero observable Earth's velocity $v_ obs = 8.4 ± 0.5 km/s$. Assuming the existence of a preferred reference frame and using Lorentz transformations, this $v_ obs$ corresponds to a real velocity, in the plane of the interferometer, $v_ earth = 201 ± 12 km/s$. This value, which is remarkably consistent with 1932 Miller's cosmic solution, suggests that the magnitude of the fringe shifts is determined by the typical velocity of the solar system within our galaxy. This conclusion is consistent with the results of all classical experiments (Morley-Miller, Illingworth, Joos, Michelson-Pease-Pearson,...) and with the existing data from present-day experiments. The Michelson-Morley experiment and the cosmic velocity of the Earth M Consoli E Costanzo ArXiv Physics e-prints (November 2003) 2007-05-22T19:17:17-00:00 2003 ArXiv Physics e-prints michelson-morley-experiment http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319968 <i>(2002)</i><br /><br />We present the design of a formal integrated design environment. The long-term goal of this effort is to allow seamless interaction between software production tools and formal design and analysis tools, especially between compilers and higher-order theorem provers. The work in this report is the initial design and architecture for integration of 1) the MetaPRL logical framework, 2) a multilanguage compiler we call Mojave, and 3) a generic extensible parser we call Phobos. The integration is... Formal Design Environments B Aydemir A Granicz J Hickey (2002) 2007-05-22T19:15:53-00:00 2002 formal-development http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319966 <i>(1994), pp. 141-160.</i> Proof by Pointing Yves Bertot Gilles Kahn Laurent Th&\#233;ry (1994), pp. 141-160. 2007-05-22T19:14:49-00:00 1994 141 160 Springer-Verlag proof http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319963 <i>J Logic Computation, Vol. 3, No. 1. (1 February 1993), pp. 47-61.</i><br /><br />Traditionally, mathematical logic has been content with in principle' formalizations of deductive inference, which place little emphasis on the description of practical reasoning. Requirements for formal descriptions of practical inference methods are now emerging however. For example, interactive reasoning systems are needed for verification of computer systems, and should support practically convenient reasoning techniques as strongly as possible. This paper describes a proof paradigm which formalises a hierarchical, problem-reduction style of reasoning which is widely useful in practical reasoning. It is a goal directed paradigm, which gives a central role to equivalence transformations. A hierarchy of subgoals can co-exist at a single point in the proof, and these subgoals may be of arbitrary type. The approach allows good access to contextual information when transforming subgoals, and can be applied to a variety of logics. 10.1093/logcom/3.1.47 Formalizing a Hierarchical Structure of Practical Mathematical Reasoning Peter Robinson John Staples doi:10.1093/logcom/3.1.47 J Logic Computation, Vol. 3, No. 1. (1 February 1993), pp. 47-61. 2007-05-22T19:11:23-00:00 1993 J Logic Computation 3 1 47 61 formalizing hierarchy mathematics reasoning http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/259316 <i></i><br /><br />this paper was also selected for publication in a special issue of ACM Transactions on Computer Systems [66]. Pingali and his students have used these techniques to restructure programs to expose parallelism for coarse-grain architectures, and to enhance locality of reference in programs running on machines with caches. These ideas are being incorporated into a production FORTRAN compiler by Peter Morris' group at HP, Chelmsford, MA. 2. Pingali and his students have developed a fast and... Collaborative Mathematics Environments Paul Chew Robert Constable Keshav Pingali Steve Vavasis Richard Zippel 2005-07-19T09:19:47-00:00 mathbus mkm http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319958 <i>(2002), pp. 326-341.</i><br /><br />Development graphs are a tool for dealing with structured specifications in a formal program development in order to ease the management of change and reusing proofs. Often, different aspects of a software system have to be specified in different logics, since the construction of a huge logic covering all needed features would be too complex to be feasible. Therefore, we introduce heterogeneous development graphs as a means to cope with heterogeneous specifications. Heterogeneous Development Graphs and Heterogeneous Borrowing Till Mossakowski (2002), pp. 326-341. 2007-05-22T19:03:37-00:00 2002 326 341 development-graph formal-development heterogeneity http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1317222 <i>(1996)</i><br /><br />Modelling and formally specifying agent knowledge required to deal with limited access to resources in a multi-agent situation, is the focus of this paper. Not only the static elements involved but also the dynamic element, namely the behaviour of the system, is explicitly modelled and specified. It will be shown how this results in a flexible, compositional specification that is applicable to real-world domains. DESIRE, a formal framework for the design and specification of compositional... Modelling Cooperative Behaviour for Resource Access Frances Brazier Jan Treur Pascal van Eck (1996) 2007-05-21T14:04:41-00:00 1996 resource-allocation http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319957 <i></i><br /><br />William M. Farmer The MITRE Corporation An important aspect of intelligence is the ability to switch perspectives. In the course of reasoning about a particular subject matter, it can be convenient to change from one perspective of the subject matter to another perspective, which is often at a dierent level of abstraction. For example, in some situations it may be advantageous to view a building as a collection of oors and in other situations as a collection of wings. If the arrangement of... Perspective Switching Using Theories and Interpretations William Farmer 2007-05-22T18:59:15-00:00 interpretation logical-theories views http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319952 <i>(1992), pp. 567-581.</i><br /><br />In the "little theories" version of the axiomatic method, different portions of mathematics are developed in various different formal axiomatic theories. Axiomatic theories may be related by inclusion or by theory interpretation. We argue that the little theories approach is a desirable way to formalize mathematics, and we describe how imps, an Interactive Mathematical Proof System, supports it. Little Theories William Farmer Joshua Guttman Javier Thayer (1992), pp. 567-581. 2007-05-22T18:53:33-00:00 1992 567 581 formal-methods network-of-theories http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/763222 <i>(16 Feb 2001)</i><br /><br />A polemical article evaluating string theory from the point of view of a quantum field theorist working in a mathematics department. Comments to the author are encouraged. String Theory: An Evaluation Peter Woit (16 Feb 2001) 2006-07-18T15:36:25-00:00 2001 string-theory http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/770089 <i>(29 Jul 2004)</i><br /><br />It is explained in detail why the Anthropic Principle (AP) cannot yield any falsifiable predictions, and therefore cannot be a part of science. Cases which have been claimed as successful predictions from the AP are shown to be not that. Either they are uncontroversial applications of selection principles in one universe (as in Dicke's argument), or the predictions made do not actually logically depend on any assumption about life or intelligence, but instead depend only on arguments from observed facts (as in the case of arguments by Hoyle and Weinberg). The Principle of Mediocrity is also examined and shown to be unreliable, as arguments for factually true conclusions can easily be modified to lead to false conclusions by reasonable changes in the specification of the ensemble in which we are assumed to be typical. <br />We show however that it is still possible to make falsifiable predictions from theories of multiverses, if the ensemble predicted has certain properties specified here. An example of such a falsifiable multiverse theory is cosmological natural selection. It is reviewed here and it is argued that the theory remains unfalsified. But it is very vulnerable to falsification by current observations, which shows that it is a scientific theory. <br />The consequences for recent discussions of the AP in the context of string theory are discussed. Scientific alternatives to the anthropic principle Lee Smolin (29 Jul 2004) 2006-07-23T18:07:04-00:00 2004 anthropic-principle http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319341 <i>Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement, Vol. 148 (2002), pp. 1-28.</i><br /><br />We review the recent developments in superstrings. We start with a brief summary of various consistent superstring theories and discuss T-duality which necessarily leads to the presence of D-branes. The properties of D-branes are summarized and we discuss how these suggest the existence of 11-dimensional quantum theory, M-theory, which is believed to give rise to various superstrings as perturbative expansions around particular backgrounds in the theory. We also discuss the interpretation of brane solutions as black holes in string theories and statistical explanation of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. The idea behind this interpretation is that there is a fundamental duality between closed (gravity) and open (gauge theory) string degrees of freedom, one of whose manifestation is what is known as AdS/CFT correspondence. The idea is used to discuss the greybody factors for BTZ black holes. Finally the entropy of various black holes are discussed in connection with Cardy-Verlinde formula. Introduction to Branes and M-Theory for Relativists and Cosmologists N Ohta Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement, Vol. 148 (2002), pp. 1-28. 2007-05-22T13:38:09-00:00 2002 Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement 148 1 28 m-theory string-theory http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319336 <i>Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 443 (February 1995), pp. 85-126.</i><br /><br /><A HREF="/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?link_type=EJOURNAL&bibcode=1995NuPhB.443...85W">Electronic Article Available</A> from <A HREF="http://www.elsevier.com">Elsevier Science.</A> String theory dynamics in various dimensions E Witten Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 443 (February 1995), pp. 85-126. 2007-05-22T13:33:43-00:00 1995 Nuclear Physics B 443 85 126 m-theory string-theory http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319334 <i>Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 438 (February 1995), pp. 109-137.</i><br /><br /><A HREF="/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?link_type=EJOURNAL&bibcode=1995NuPhB.438..109H">Electronic Article Available</A> from <A HREF="http://www.elsevier.com">Elsevier Science.</A> Unity of superstring dualities CM Hull PK Townsend Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 438 (February 1995), pp. 109-137. 2007-05-22T13:31:11-00:00 1995 Nuclear Physics B 438 109 137 m-theory string-theory http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319328 <i>Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 452 (February 1995), pp. 261-282.</i><br /><br /><A HREF="/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?link_type=EJOURNAL&bibcode=1995NuPhB.452..261D">Electronic Article Available</A> from <A HREF="http://www.elsevier.com">Elsevier Science.</A> Eleven-dimensional origin of string/string duality: a one-loop test MJ Duff JT Liu R Minasian Nuclear Physics B, Vol. 452 (February 1995), pp. 261-282. 2007-05-22T13:28:43-00:00 1995 Nuclear Physics B 452 261 282 m-theory string-theory http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319326 <i>ArXiv Mathematics e-prints (March 2001)</i><br /><br />This is the second paper in a series to study regular representations for vertex operator algebras. In this paper, given a module $W$ for a vertex operator algebra $V$, we construct, out of the dual space $W^*$, a family of canonical (weak) $V⊗ V$-modules called $\calD_Q(z)(W)$ parametrized by a nonzero complex number $z$. We prove that for $V$-modules $W,W_1$ and $W_2$, a $Q(z)$-intertwining map of type $W'\choose W_1W_2$ in the sense of Huang and Lepowsky exactly amounts to a $V⊗ V$-homomorphism from $W_1⊗ W_2$ to $\calD_Q(z)(W)$ and that a $Q(z)$-tensor product of $V$-modules $W_1$ and $W_2$ in the sense of Huang and Lepowsky amounts to a universal from $W_1⊗ W_2$ to the functor $\calF_Q(z)$, where $\calF_Q(z)$ is a functor from the category of $V$-modules to the category of weak $V⊗ V$-modules defined by $\calF_Q(z)(W)=\calD_Q(z)(W')$ for a $V$-module $W$. Furthermore, Huang-Lepowsky's $P(z)$ and $Q(z)$-tensor functors for the category of $V$-modules are extended to functors $T_P(z)$ and $T_Q(z)$ from the category of $V⊗ V$-modules to the category of $V$-modules. It is proved that functors $\calF_P(z)$ and $\calF_Q(z)$ are right adjoints of $T_P(z)$ and $T_Q(z)$, respectively. Regular representations and Huang-Lepowsky's tensor functors for vertex operator algebras H Li ArXiv Mathematics e-prints (March 2001) 2007-05-22T13:26:29-00:00 2001 ArXiv Mathematics e-prints functors tensor http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1319319 <i>Software Specification and Design, 1996., Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on (1996), pp. 46-55.</i><br /><br />It is suggested that category theory provides the right level of mathematical abstraction to address languages for describing software architectures. Contrarily to most other formalisations of SA concepts, category theory does not promote any particular formalism for component and connector description but provides instead the very semantics of the concepts that are related to the gross modularisation of complex systems like “interconnection”: “configuration”, “instantiation” and “composition”: Two examples, a category of programs for a parallel program design language and a category of temporal logic specifications, together with comparisons with other work, namely by R. Allen and D. Garlan (1994), and M. Moriconi and X. Qian (1994), are adduced to justify this claim A mathematical toolbox for the software architect JL Fiadeiro T Maibaum Software Specification and Design, 1996., Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on (1996), pp. 46-55. 2007-05-22T13:23:10-00:00 1996 Software Specification and Design, 1996., Proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on 46 55 category-of-programs http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1316793 <i>(1996), pp. 212-229.</i><br /><br />A declarative compositional modelling framework, DESIRE, designed to model knowledge-intensive multi-agent systems, is shown to provide a means to model distributed industrial and business processes. An agent's knowledge, reasoning processes and interaction with other agents, and the world are explicitly specified within this framework. Electricity transportation management is used to illustrate the characteristic elements of the approach, in particular with respect to dynamic aspects of... Modelling Distributed Industrial Processes in a Multi-Agent Framework FMT Brazier Dunin Keplicz NR Jennings J Treur (1996), pp. 212-229. 2007-05-21T14:03:01-00:00 1996 212 229 Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany distributed enterprise mas modeling production http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1316789 <i>Vol. 1647 (~March0--~February 1999), pp. 8-27.</i><br /><br />. In this paper it is shown how informal and formal specification of behavioural requirements and scenarios for agents and multi-agent systems can be integrated within multi-agent system design. In particular, it is addressed how a compositional perspective both on design descriptions and specification of behavioural requirements can be exploited. The approach has been applied in a case study: the development of a mediating information agent. It is shown that compositional verification ... Specification of Behavioural Requirements within Compositional Multi-agent System Design Daniela Herlea Catholijn Jonker Jan Treur Niek Wijngaards Vol. 1647 (~March0--~February 1999), pp. 8-27. 2007-05-21T14:00:38-00:00 1999 1647 8 27 Springer-Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany mas requirements specification http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1316787 <i></i><br /><br />We propose a language for formal description of distributed agents and introduce a new approach to their specification. The specification language uses the concept of a fixpoint construction, which is a generalization of temporal operators in temporal logic. With the proposed formalism we are also able to construct correctness proofs for distributed agents. The verification technique is a generalization of the Floyd's inductive assertion method. Keywords: distributed agents, specification,... A New Approach for Specification and Verification of Distributed Agents Andrew Mironov Virendra Bhavsar 2007-05-21T13:58:21-00:00 mas specification verification http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/506373 <i>Vol. 1104 (1996), pp. 463-477.</i><br /><br />Decision procedures are increasingly being employed for deciding or simplifying propositional combinations of ground equalities involving uninterpreted function symbols, linear arithmetic, arrays, and other theories. Two approaches for constructing decision procedures for combinations of ground theories were pioneered in the late seventies. In the approach of Nelson and Oppen, decision procedures for two disjoint theories are combined by introducing variables to name subterms and iteratively... On Shostak's decision procedure for combinations of theories David Cyrluk Patrick Lincoln Natarajan Shankar Vol. 1104 (1996), pp. 463-477. 2006-02-15T18:06:10-00:00 1996 1104 463 477 Springer-Verlag category-of-theories combination decision-procedure http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1316785 <i>No. MIT/LCS/TM-361. (1988)</i><br /><br />Jennifer Lundelius Welch Leslie Lamport Digital Equipment Corporation, Systems Research Center Abstract: rithms are often hard to prove correct because they have no natural decomposition into separately provable parts. This paper presents a proof technique for the modular verification of such non-modular algorithms. It generalizes existing verification techniques based on a totally-ordered hierarchy of refinements to allow a partiallyordered hierarchy--that is; a lattice of... A LATTICE-STRUCTURED PROOF TECHNIQUE APPLIED TO A MINIMUM SPANNING TREE ALGORITHM JL Welch L Lamport N Lynch No. MIT/LCS/TM-361. (1988) 2007-05-21T13:57:24-00:00 1988 MIT/LCS/TM-361 lattice mst proof http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1316782 <i>(2000)</i><br /><br />. A transformer is a function that maps expressions to expressions. Many transformational operators|such as expression evaluators and simpliers, rewrite rules, rules of inference, and decision procedures|can be represented by transformers. Computations and deductions can be formed by applying sound transformers in sequence. This paper introduces machinery for dening sound transformers in the context of an axiomatic theory in a formal logic. The paper is intended to be a rst step in a... Transformers for symbolic computation and formal deduction W Farmer M Mohrenschildt (2000) 2007-05-21T13:56:27-00:00 2000 deduction symbolic-computation transformer http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1313466 <i>ArXiv Physics e-prints (June 2004)</i><br /><br />The Gravity Probe B (GP-B) satellite experiment will measure the precession of on-board gyroscopes to extraordinary accuracy. Such precessions are predicted by General Relativity (GR), and one component of this precession is the `frame-dragging' or Lense-Thirring effect, which is caused by the rotation of the earth. A new theory of gravity, which passes the same extant tests of GR, predicts, however, a second and much larger `frame-dragging' precession. The magnitude and signature of this larger effect is given for comparison with the GP-B data. Novel Gravity Probe B Frame-Dragging Effect RT Cahill ArXiv Physics e-prints (June 2004) 2007-05-20T17:16:56-00:00 2004 ArXiv Physics e-prints frame-dragging gravity http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1313453 <i>American Journal of Physics, Vol. 66 (September 1998), pp. 753-767.</i><br /><br />I explore whether it is possible to make sense of the quantum mechanical description of physical reality by taking the proper subject of physics to be correlation and only correlation, and by separating the problem of understanding the nature of quantum mechanics from the hard problem of understanding the nature of objective probability in individual systems, and the even harder problem of understanding the nature of conscious awareness. The resulting perspective on quantum mechanics is supported by some elementary but insufficiently emphasized theorems. Whether or not it is adequate as a new Weltanschauung, this point of view toward quantum mechanics provides a different perspective from which to teach the subject or explain its peculiar character to people in other fields. © 1998 American Association of Physics Teachers. What is quantum mechanics trying to tell us? ND Mermin doi:10.1119/1.18955 American Journal of Physics, Vol. 66 (September 1998), pp. 753-767. 2007-05-20T17:13:45-00:00 1998 American Journal of Physics 66 753 767 qm relational-physics http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1313444 <i>ArXiv Quantum Physics e-prints (October 2001)</i><br /><br />The conventionalistic aspects of physical world perception are reviewed with an emphasis on the constancy of the speed of light in relativity theory and the irreversibility of measurements in quantum mechanics. An appendix contains a complete proof of Alexandrov's theorem using mainly methods of affine geometry. Conventions in relativity theory and quantum mechanics K Svozil ArXiv Quantum Physics e-prints (October 2001) 2007-05-20T17:06:56-00:00 2001 ArXiv Quantum Physics e-prints qm relativity social-norms http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1309949 <i>ArXiv Physics e-prints (October 2006)</i><br /><br />Data from a new experiment measuring the anisotropy of the one-way speed of EM waves in a coaxial cable, gives the speed of light as 300,000+/-400+/-20km/s in a measured direction RA=5.5+/-2hrs, Dec=70+/-10deg S, is shown to be in excellent agreement with the results from seven previous anisotropy experiments, particularly those of Miller (1925/26), and even those of Michelson and Morley (1887). The Miller gas-mode interferometer results, and those from the RF coaxial cable experiments of Torr and Kolen (1983), De Witte (1991) and the new experiment all reveal the presence of gravitational waves, as indicated by the last +/- variations above, but of a kind different from those supposedly predicted by General Relativity. The understanding of the operation of the Michelson interferometer in gas-mode was only achieved in 2002 and involved a calibration for the interferometer that necessarily involved Special Relativity effects and the refractive index of the gas in the light paths. The results demonstrate the reality of the Fitzgerald-Lorentz contraction as an observer independent relativistic effect. A common misunderstanding is that the anisotropy of the speed of light is necessarily in conflict with Special Relativity and Lorentz symmetry - this is explained. All eight experiments and theory show that we have both anisotropy of the speed of light and relativistic effects, and that a dynamical 3-space exists - that absolute motion through that space has been repeatedly observed since 1887. These developments completely change fundamental physics and our understanding of reality. A New Light-Speed Anisotropy Experiment: Absolute Motion and Gravitational Waves Detected Cahill ArXiv Physics e-prints (October 2006) 2007-05-20T00:36:30-00:00 2006 ArXiv Physics e-prints experiments michelson-morley-experiment http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/79724 <i>(24 May 2002)</i><br /><br />We report a re-analysis of the old results from the Michelson-Morley interferometer experiments that were designed to detect absolute motion. We build upon a recent (1998) re-analysis of the original data by Munera, which revealed small but significant effects after allowing for several systematic errors in the original analyses. The further re-analysis here reveals that a genuine effect of absolute motion is expected, in what is essentially a quantum interference experiment, but only if the photons travel in the interferometer at speeds V < c. This is the case if the interferometer operates in a dielectric, such as air, or helium as was the case of the Illingworth (1927) Michelson-Morley experiment. The re-analysis here of the Illingworth experimental data correcting for the refractive index effect of the helium, reveals an absolute speed of the Earth of v=369+/-123 km/s, which is in agreement with the speed of v=365+/-18 km/s determined from the dipole fit, in 1991, to the NASA COBE satellite Cosmic Background Radiation (CBR) observations. These experimental results refute Einstein's assertion that absolute motion through space has no meaning, and require a re-assessment of the interpretation of General Relativity. Re-Analysis of Michelson-Morley Experiments Reveals Agreement with COBE Cosmic Background Radiation Preferred Frame so Impacting on Interpretation of General Relativity Reginald Cahill Kirsty Kitto (24 May 2002) 2005-01-18T17:48:04-00:00 2002 experiments formal-methods michelson-morley-experiment validation verification http://www.citeulike.org/user/scis0000001/article/1309860 <i></i><br /><br />The DEVS formalism developed by Zeigler and Sarjoughian is extended by the use of category theory. From Devs To Formal Methods Approach 2007-05-19T22:57:29-00:00 abduction behavior category-theory chu-space dynamical-system formal-development general-systems-theory induction realizability testing topos-theory validation verification