Sun, 27 Jul 2008 06:20:41 BST CiteULike: briordan's methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/tag/methods CiteULike.org en-gb Copyright © 2004-2008 citeulike.org http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2927808 <i>Physical Review Letters, Vol. 100, No. 23. (2008)</i><br /><br />We propose a new measure (phase-slope index) to estimate the direction of information flux in multivariate time series. This measure (a) is insensitive to mixtures of independent sources, (b) gives meaningful results even if the phase spectrum is not linear, and (c) properly weights contributions from different frequencies. These properties are shown in extended simulations and contrasted to Granger causality which yields highly significant false detections for mixtures of independent sources. An application to electroencephalography data (eyes-closed condition) reveals a clear front-to-back information flow. Robustly Estimating the Flow Direction of Information in Complex Physical Systems Guido Nolte Andreas Ziehe Vadim Nikulin Alois Schlögl Nicole Krämer Tom Brismar Klaus Müller doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.234101 Physical Review Letters, Vol. 100, No. 23. (2008) 2008-06-26T00:26:34-00:00 2008 Physical Review Letters 100 23 APS machine-learning methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2895256 <i>Science, Vol. 320, No. 5882. (13 June 2008), pp. 1412-1414.</i><br /><br />10.1126/science.320.5882.1412 NEUROIMAGING: Growing Pains for fMRI Greg Miller doi:10.1126/science.320.5882.1412 Science, Vol. 320, No. 5882. (13 June 2008), pp. 1412-1414. 2008-06-15T02:00:28-00:00 2008 Science 320 5882 1412 1414 fmri methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/296023 <i>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, Vol. 102, No. 29. (19 July 2005), pp. 9995-9996.</i> Moving hand reveals dynamics of thought. JS Magnuson doi:10.1073/pnas.0504413102 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, Vol. 102, No. 29. (19 July 2005), pp. 9995-9996. 2005-08-17T09:06:31-00:00 2005 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 0027-8424 102 29 9995 9996 eye-movements methods sentence-comprehension spoken-word-recognition http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2792193 <i>Journal of Neurolinguistics, Vol. 21, No. 4. (July 2008), pp. 305-332.</i><br /><br />This study is focused on the development of a model for analyzing electrophysiological data (EEG) utilizing the evoked potentials (ERP) method used in cognitive research. The aim of the model is to overcome several limitations arising from traditional methods of ERP analysis. The model was tested for its ability to distinguish between dyslexic and regular readers. ERP data collected during a typical experiment contain a large amount of information that is not utilized during data analysis. For instance, it is acceptable to define a component such as the P300 according to the peak of a wave based on a few electrodes. Furthermore, this is often accomplished based on the researcher's subjective impression. Information such as the pattern of the wave, its width, rate of ascent, rate of descent, and the impact of the stimulus that evoked it over the entire scalp, is left out. In contrast, the modeling method proposed here considers all available information, utilizing a precise algorithm that allows fully automated analysis. The method produces a typical profile for a given type of subject and can determine for each new subject his/her similarity to that type. The basic idea behind the model is that two subjects exposed to the same task would share certain similarities in their electrophysiological data. However, the latency of this shared similarity might differ from person to person. It is thus possible to take the data from one subject and systematically seek the point of maximal similarity across all electrodes. Consequently, the data matrix of subject A in the area of P300 (e.g., all information on all electrodes between 250 and 350 ms) will be correlated with the data of subject B of the same width, i.e., 100 ms running from 200 ms throughout 400 ms. The correlation between the two matrices is expected to rise as the area of similarity gets closer, and descend once past that point. The size of the maximal correlation indicates the similarity between the two subjects, and its location in time indicates differential latencies. The averaging of data across subjects should be carried out at the points of maximal similarity. In order to demonstrate the power of the method, this study constructed two separate models for a dyslexic and regular reader, respectively. The models were based on ERP data recorded during a lexical decision task. The similarity of each subject to both models was calculated. This method correctly classified 68% of subjects. In addition, the model was able to detect sub-groups within each diagnostic category with distinct behavioral patterns. The correlation-based model: An alternative system for analyzing ERP data in cognitive research Itamar Sela Shlomo Breznitz Zvia Breznitz doi:10.1016/j.jneuroling.2007.07.003 Journal of Neurolinguistics, Vol. 21, No. 4. (July 2008), pp. 305-332. 2008-05-13T01:30:59-00:00 2008 Journal of Neurolinguistics 21 4 305 332 erps methods models http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2759515 <i>Machine Learning, Vol. 71, No. 2. (26 June 2008), pp. 307-323.</i><br /><br />Abstract  Standard pattern discovery techniques, such as association rules, suffer an extreme risk of finding very large numbers of spurious patterns for many knowledge discovery tasks. The direct-adjustment approach to controlling this risk applies a statistical test during the discovery process, using a critical value adjusted to take account of the size of the search space. However, a problem with the direct-adjustment strategy is that it may discard numerous true patterns. This paper investigates the assignment of different critical values to different areas of the search space as an approach to alleviating this problem, using a variant of a technique originally developed for other purposes. This approach is shown to be effective at increasing the number of discoveries while still maintaining strict control over the risk of false discoveries. Layered critical values: a powerful direct-adjustment approach to discovering significant patterns Geoffrey Webb doi:10.1007/s10994-008-5046-x Machine Learning, Vol. 71, No. 2. (26 June 2008), pp. 307-323. 2008-05-06T00:59:59-00:00 2008 Machine Learning 71 2 307 323 computational-linguistics methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2697897 <i>Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 40, No. 2. (May 2008), pp. 373-382.</i> ASTEF: A simple tool for examining fixations Camilli Marco Nacchia Roberto Terenzi Michela Di Nocera Francesco doi:10.3758/BRM.40.2.373 Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 40, No. 2. (May 2008), pp. 373-382. 2008-04-21T19:04:02-00:00 2008 Behavior Research Methods 1554-351X 40 2 373 382 Psychonomic Society Publications grammatical-number methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2702470 <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 101, No. 36. (7 September 2004), pp. 13124-13131.</i><br /><br />The negatively accelerated, gradually increasing learning curve is an artifact of group averaging in several commonly used basic learning paradigms (pigeon autoshaping, delay- and trace-eye-blink conditioning in the rabbit and rat, autoshaped hopper entry in the rat, plus maze performance in the rat, and water maze performance in the mouse). The learning curves for individual subjects show an abrupt, often step-like increase from the untrained level of responding to the level seen in the well trained subject. The rise is at least as abrupt as that commonly seen in psychometric functions in stimulus detection experiments. It may indicate that the appearance of conditioned behavior is mediated by an evidence-based decision process, as in stimulus detection experiments. If the appearance of conditioned behavior is taken instead to reflect the increase in an underlying associative strength, then a negligible portion of the function relating associative strength to amount of experience is behaviorally visible. Consequently, rate of learning cannot be estimated from the group-average curve; the best measure is latency to the onset of responding, determined for each subject individually. 10.1073/pnas.0404965101 Inaugural Article: The learning curve: Implications of a quantitative analysis Charles Gallistel Stephen Fairhurst Peter Balsam doi:10.1073/pnas.0404965101 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 101, No. 36. (7 September 2004), pp. 13124-13131. 2008-04-22T15:42:16-00:00 2004 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 101 36 13124 13131 methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2688390 <i></i> Similarity between semantic spaces X Hu Z Cai AC Graesser M Ventura 2008-04-18T17:11:24-00:00 distributional-similarity lsa methods models http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2642737 <i>Quality and Quantity, Vol. 37, No. 1. (27 February 2003), pp. 99-110.</i><br /><br />Abstract  This paper develops and evaluates an approximate procedure for testing homogeneity of an arbitrary subset of correlation coefficients among variables measured on the same set of individuals. The sample may have some missing data. The simple test statistic is a multiple of the variance of Fisher r-to-z transformed correlation coefficients relevant to the null hypothesis being tested and is referred to a chi-square distribution. The use of this test is illustrated through several examples. Given the approximate nature of the test statistics, the procedure was evaluated using a simulation study. The accuracy in terms of the nominal and the actual significance levels of this test for several null hypotheses of interest were evaluated. An Approximate Test for Homogeneity of Correlated Correlation Coefficients Trivellore Raghunathan doi:10.1023/A:1022567712647 Quality and Quantity, Vol. 37, No. 1. (27 February 2003), pp. 99-110. 2008-04-08T20:25:53-00:00 2003 Quality and Quantity 37 1 99 110 methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2607052 <i>(2007)</i> Data Analysis Using Regression and Multilevel/Hierarchical Models Andrew Gelman Jennifer Hill (2007) 2008-03-28T13:53:21-00:00 2007 Cambridge University Press methods textbook http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2573380 <i>Psychological Methods, Vol. 13, No. 1. (2008), pp. 19-30.</i> A probability-based measure of effect size: Robustness to base rates and other factors John Ruscio Psychological Methods, Vol. 13, No. 1. (2008), pp. 19-30. 2008-03-23T00:55:07-00:00 2008 Psychological Methods 13 1 19 30 methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2428113 <i>Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 40, No. 1. (February 2008), pp. 38-45.</i> Computer programming for generating visual stimuli Bukhari Farhan Kurylo D Daniel doi:10.3758/BRM.40.1.38 Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 40, No. 1. (February 2008), pp. 38-45. 2008-02-26T02:22:01-00:00 2008 Behavior Research Methods 1554-351X 40 1 38 45 Psychonomic Society Publications methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2428099 <i>Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 40, No. 1. (February 2008), pp. 164-176.</i> AGL StimSelect: Software for automated selection of stimuli for artificial grammar learning Bailey M Todd Pothos M Emmanuel doi:10.3758/BRM.40.1.164 Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 40, No. 1. (February 2008), pp. 164-176. 2008-02-26T02:22:00-00:00 2008 Behavior Research Methods 1554-351X 40 1 164 176 Psychonomic Society Publications artificial-grammars methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2380604 <i>Perception, Vol. 33, No. 2. (2004), pp. 217-236.</i> Revisiting Snodgrass and Vanderwart's object pictorial set: The role of surface detail in basic-level object recognition B Rossion G Pourtois Perception, Vol. 33, No. 2. (2004), pp. 217-236. 2008-02-14T18:03:34-00:00 2004 Perception 33 2 217 236 grammatical-number methods theres http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2332406 <i>Psychophysiology, Vol. 45, No. 2. (March 2008), pp. 173-187.</i> Combining structural and functional neuroimaging data for studying brain connectivity: A review Rykhlevskaia Elena Gratton Gabriele Fabiani Monica doi:10.1111/j.1469-8986.2007.00621.x Psychophysiology, Vol. 45, No. 2. (March 2008), pp. 173-187. 2008-02-05T00:34:57-00:00 2008 Psychophysiology 0048-5772 45 2 173 187 Blackwell Publishing fmri methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2321797 <i>(2008)</i> Quantitative Methods in Linguistics Keith Johnson (2008) 2008-02-02T01:40:39-00:00 2008 Blackwell general-linguistics methods textbook http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2321781 <i>(2008)</i> Early Language Development: Bridging Brain and Behaviour (2008) 2008-02-02T01:34:05-00:00 2008 John Benjamins erps methods semantic-development semantic-priming syntactic-acquisition http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2321766 <i>(2008)</i> Developmental Psycholinguistics: On-Line Methods in Children's Language Processing (2008) 2008-02-02T01:23:01-00:00 2008 John Benjamins general-language-acquisition general-psycholinguistics handbook methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2302166 <i>pp. 16-27.</i><br /><br />In traditional statistical methodology (e.g., the ANOVA), confidence in the observed results is often assessed by computing the p value or the power of the test. In most cases, adding more participants to a study will improve these measures more than will increasing the amount of data collected from each participant. Thus, traditional statistical methods are biased in favor of experiments with large numbers of participants. This article proposes a method for computing confidence in the results of experiments in which data are collected from a few participants over many trials. In such experiments, it is common to fit a series of mathematical models to the resulting data and to conclude that the best-fitting model is superior. The probability of replicating this result (i.e., Prep) is derived for any two nested models. Simulations and empirical applications of this new statistic confirm its utility in studies in which data are collected from a few participants over many trials. The Prep statistic as a measure of confidence in model fitting Gregory Ashby pp. 16-27. 2008-01-29T13:51:57-00:00 16 27 cross-situational methods models http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/174864 <i>Psychological Science, Vol. 16, No. 5. (May 2005), pp. 345-353.</i> An Alternative to Null-Hypothesis Significance Tests Peter Killeen doi:10.1111/j.0956-7976.2005.01538.x Psychological Science, Vol. 16, No. 5. (May 2005), pp. 345-353. 2005-04-29T23:41:16-00:00 2005 Psychological Science 0956-7976 16 5 345 353 Blackwell Publishing methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2183877 <i>(2004)</i> Independent Component Analysis James Stone (2004) 2007-12-31T18:33:31-00:00 2004 MIT Press handbook methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/1940403 <i>Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 39, No. 4. (November 2007), pp. 1025-1028.</i> Spoken word frequency counts based on 1.6 million words in American English Pastizzo J Matthew Carbone F Robert Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 39, No. 4. (November 2007), pp. 1025-1028. 2007-11-20T00:29:07-00:00 2007 Behavior Research Methods 1554-351X 39 4 1025 1028 Psychonomic Society Publications corpus-linguistics general-psycholinguistics methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/1940410 <i>Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 39, No. 4. (November 2007), pp. 979-984.</i> Methods for the Behavioral, Educational, and Social Sciences: An R package Kelley Ken Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 39, No. 4. (November 2007), pp. 979-984. 2007-11-20T00:29:07-00:00 2007 Behavior Research Methods 1554-351X 39 4 979 984 Psychonomic Society Publications methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/1940413 <i>Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 39, No. 4. (November 2007), pp. 950-958.</i> PyEPL: A cross-platform experiment-programming library Geller S Aaron Schleifer K Ian Sederberg B Per Jacobs Joshua Kahana J Michael Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 39, No. 4. (November 2007), pp. 950-958. 2007-11-20T00:29:08-00:00 2007 Behavior Research Methods 1554-351X 39 4 950 958 Psychonomic Society Publications methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/1940443 <i>Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 39, No. 4. (November 2007), pp. 695-708.</i> A Newton procedure for conditionally linear mixed-effects models Blozis A Shelley Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 39, No. 4. (November 2007), pp. 695-708. 2007-11-20T00:29:11-00:00 2007 Behavior Research Methods 1554-351X 39 4 695 708 Psychonomic Society Publications methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/1940439 <i>Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 39, No. 4. (November 2007), pp. 735-747.</i> Analysis of variance for repeated measures designs with word materials as a nested random or fixed factor Rietveld Toni Van Hout Roeland Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 39, No. 4. (November 2007), pp. 735-747. 2007-11-20T00:29:11-00:00 2007 Behavior Research Methods 1554-351X 39 4 735 747 Psychonomic Society Publications general-psycholinguistics methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/1940441 <i>Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 39, No. 4. (November 2007), pp. 723-730.</i> On the use of multilevel modeling as an alternative to items analysis in psycholinguistic research Locker Lawrence Hoffman Lesa Bovaird A James Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 39, No. 4. (November 2007), pp. 723-730. 2007-11-20T00:29:11-00:00 2007 Behavior Research Methods 1554-351X 39 4 723 730 Psychonomic Society Publications general-psycholinguistics methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2170041 <i>Journal of Memory and Language, Vol. In Press, Corrected Proof</i><br /><br />This paper reports two experiments designed to investigate whether lexical bias in phonological speech errors is caused by immediate feedback of activation, by self-monitoring of inner speech, or by both. The experiments test a number of predictions derived from a model of self-monitoring of inner speech. This model assumes that, after an error in inner speech, (1) an early interruption of speech may be made when speech was initiated too hastily, (2) the error may be covertly repaired, leading to the correct target, (3) the error may be covertly replaced by another speech error, or (4) an error may go undetected, leading to a completed spoonerism. This model of self-monitoring was supported by the speech errors observed in two SLIP experiments. The pattern of results supports the idea that lexical bias has two sources, immediate feedback of activation and self-monitoring of inner speech. Self-monitoring and feedback: A new attempt to find the main cause of lexical bias in phonological speech errors Sieb Nooteboom Hugo Quene doi:10.1016/j.jml.2007.05.003 Journal of Memory and Language, Vol. In Press, Corrected Proof 2007-12-26T14:34:13-00:00 Journal of Memory and Language In Press, Corrected Proof lexical-processing methods visual-world-paradigm http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/1791851 <i>Trends Neurosci (10 October 2007)</i><br /><br />Conventional functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a blunt tool for studying the nervous system because it measures neural activity only indirectly, by way of hemodynamics and neurovascular coupling. Several alternative, nonhemodynamic functional imaging methods are now being explored. The methods are designed to offer better resolution and neuronal specificity than hemodynamic imaging and, in some cases, might report signals from specific molecules or cell populations. Much progress has concentrated in three areas: diffusion-weighted functional imaging; detection of neuronal electromagnetic fields; and molecular imaging of neural metabolites and signaling species. Here, we review recent developments in these areas. We consider unique advantages and disadvantages of 'bloodless fMRI' approaches, as well as their future prospects as experimental tools in cognitive and systems neuroscience. Bloodless fMRI. Alan Jasanoff doi:10.1016/j.tins.2007.08.002 Trends Neurosci (10 October 2007) 2007-10-20T06:47:45-00:00 2007 Trends Neurosci 0166-2236 fmri methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2113337 <i>IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering (7 December 2007)</i> Explaining Classifications For Individual Instances Marko Robnik-Sikon Igor Kononenko IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering (7 December 2007) 2007-12-14T12:13:22-00:00 2007 IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering IEEE Computer Society Digital Library machine-learning methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2085583 <i>Journal of Memory and Language, Vol. In Press, Corrected Proof</i><br /><br />A new framework is offered that uses multilevel logistic regression (MLR) to analyze data from `visual world' eyetracking experiments used in psycholinguistic research. The MLR framework overcomes some of the problems with conventional analyses, making it possible to incorporate time as a continuous variable and gaze location as a categorical dependent variable. The multilevel approach minimizes the need for data aggregation and thus provides a more statistically powerful approach. With MLR, the researcher builds a mathematical model of the overall response curve that separates the response into different temporal components. The researcher can test hypotheses by examining the impact of independent variables and their interactions on these components. A worked example using MLR is provided. Analyzing `visual world' eyetracking data using multilevel logistic regression Dale Barr doi:10.1016/j.jml.2007.09.002 Journal of Memory and Language, Vol. In Press, Corrected Proof 2007-12-10T12:41:36-00:00 Journal of Memory and Language In Press, Corrected Proof eye-movements methods theres http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/1715159 <i></i><br /><br />There has always been interest in the methodology of acceptability judgment collection, and in particular the reliability of the results. The past several years have seen an increase in the number of studies employing formal experimental techniques, or experimental syntax, to refine the data underlying syntactic theories. This dissertation argues that experimental syntax has the potential to be more than just a methodological footnote to theoretical syntax: experimental syntax can be used to investigate the relationship between acceptability judgments and the nature of grammatical knowledge. Each chapter applies the tools of experimental syntax to a claim about the nature of grammatical knowledge that is based upon acceptability judgments. The claims include: that grammatical knowledge is gradient, that grammatical knowledge is sensitive to context, that the stability or instability of acceptability reflects underlying differences in the form of grammatical knowledge, that processing effects affect acceptability, and that acceptability effects have little to contribute to theories of the nature of dependency forming operations. Using constraints on wh-movement as an empirical basis of the research, the results of these studies suggest that experimental syntax can lead to new insights into the nature of gramamtical knowledge and its relationship with acceptability. A Program for Experimental Syntax Jon Sprouse 2007-10-01T13:13:11-00:00 experimental-syntax methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/1658114 <i>Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 39, No. 2. (May 2007), pp. 267-273.</i> HMMTree: A computer program for latent-class hierarchical multinomial processing tree models Stahl Christoph Klauer Karl Christoph Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 39, No. 2. (May 2007), pp. 267-273. 2007-09-14T16:51:18-00:00 2007 Behavior Research Methods 1554-351X 39 2 267 273 Psychonomic Society Publications methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/1658125 <i>Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 39, No. 2. (May 2007), pp. 175-191.</i> Gpower 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences Faul Franz Erdfelder Edgar Lang Albert-Georg Buchner Axel Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 39, No. 2. (May 2007), pp. 175-191. 2007-09-14T16:51:19-00:00 2007 Behavior Research Methods 1554-351X 39 2 175 191 Psychonomic Society Publications methods http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/1658116 <i>Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 39, No. 2. (May 2007), pp. 248-258.</i> DEWEX: A system for designing and conducting Web-based experiments Naumann Anja Brunstein Angela Krems F Josef Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 39, No. 2. (May 2007), pp. 248-258. 2007-09-14T16:51:18-00:00 2007 Behavior Research Methods 1554-351X 39 2 248 258 Psychonomic Society Publications methods