Sun, 27 Jul 2008 06:20:09 BST CiteULike: briordan's semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/tag/semantic-organization CiteULike.org en-gb Copyright © 2004-2008 citeulike.org http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/3022429 <i>(2008)</i> Verb Meaning and the Lexicon Gillian Ramchand (2008) 2008-07-20T13:02:44-00:00 2008 Cambridge University Press mental-lexicon semantic-organization word-meaning http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2985781 <i>Nature, Vol. 454, No. 7201. (09 July 2008), pp. 167-168.</i> Behind the looking-glass Antonio Damasio Kaspar Meyer doi:10.1038/454167a Nature, Vol. 454, No. 7201. (09 July 2008), pp. 167-168. 2008-07-10T18:32:03-00:00 2008 Nature 0028-0836 454 7201 167 168 Nature Publishing Group general-psycholinguistics semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/1179006 <i>PNAS, Vol. 99, No. 3. (5 February 2002), pp. 1742-1747.</i><br /><br />The lexicon consists of a set of word meanings and their semantic relationships. A systematic representation of the English lexicon based in psycholinguistic considerations has been put together in the database Wordnet in a long-term collaborative effort. We present here a quantitative study of the graph structure of Wordnet to understand the global organization of the lexicon. Semantic links follow power-law, scale-invariant behaviors typical of self-organizing networks. Polysemy (the ambiguity of an individual word) is one of the links in the semantic network, relating the different meanings of a common word. Polysemous links have a profound impact in the organization of the semantic graph, conforming it as a small world network, with clusters of high traffic (hubs) representing abstract concepts such as line, head, or circle. Our results show that: (i) Wordnet has global properties common to many self-organized systems, and (ii) polysemy organizes the semantic graph in a compact and categorical representation, in a way that may explain the ubiquity of polysemy across languages. 10.1073/pnas.022341799 Global organization of the Wordnet lexicon Mariano Sigman Guillermo Cecchi doi:10.1073/pnas.022341799 PNAS, Vol. 99, No. 3. (5 February 2002), pp. 1742-1747. 2007-03-21T11:52:01-00:00 2002 PNAS 99 3 1742 1747 semantic-organization word-meaning wordnet http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2940427 <i>(2000)</i> Conceptual Spaces: The Geometry of Thought Peter Gärdenfors (2000) 2008-06-29T00:10:58-00:00 2000 MIT Press distributional-similarity semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2938071 <i>(2005)</i> Modeling category-specific deficits using topographic, corpus-derived representations Damian Jankowicz (2005) 2008-06-27T19:39:24-00:00 2005 distributional-similarity semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2911142 <i>Language and Linguistics Compass, Vol. 0, No. 0. (0), pp. ???-???.</i><br /><br />Abstract For more than a century, language has been assumed to be entirely dependent on left-hemisphere-based processing. However, since the early 1960s, evidence for the right hemisphere's involvement in language processing, in particular in the semantic processing of words, has emerged. At least three complementary approaches have provided evidence of this: behavioral data from neurologically intact participants, the study of brain-damaged patients and the use of neuroimaging methods. The goal of this article is to review the major evidence from these three sources concerning the nature of the right hemisphere's contribution to the semantic processing of words. Overall, the data from these studies suggest that both the right hemisphere and the left hemisphere are crucial for semantic processing, with both hemispheres being involved in different ways in the processing of semantic knowledge. The Right Hemisphere's Contribution to the Processing of Semantic Relationships between Words Karima Kahlaoui Lilian Scherer Yves Joanette doi:10.1111/j.1749-818X.2008.00065.x Language and Linguistics Compass, Vol. 0, No. 0. (0), pp. ???-???. 2008-06-20T17:07:53-00:00 Language and Linguistics Compass 0 0 ??? ??? general-psycholinguistics lexical-processing semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2912046 <i>Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Vol. 9, No. 7., pp. 497-479.</i> Neuroimaging: I see what you mean Leonie Welberg doi:10.1038/nrn2448 Nature Reviews Neuroscience, Vol. 9, No. 7., pp. 497-479. 2008-06-21T04:49:56-00:00 Nature Reviews Neuroscience 1471-003X 9 7 497 479 Nature Publishing Group distributional-similarity fmri models semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2906123 <i>(1997), 979.</i> Latent Semantic Analysis approaches to categorization Darrell Laham (1997), 979. 2008-06-18T20:10:58-00:00 1997 979 Lawrence Erlbaum Associates distributional-similarity lsa models semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2899710 <i>(2007), pp. 107-120.</i> Symbolic or embodied representations: A case for symbol interdependency Max Louwerse (2007), pp. 107-120. 2008-06-16T20:04:02-00:00 2007 107 120 Lawrence Erlbaum Associates distributional-similarity lsa models semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2878403 <i>Brain and Language, Vol. 106, No. 1. (July 2008), pp. 72-78.</i><br /><br />Allen [Allen, M. (2005). The preservation of verb subcategory knowledge in a spoken language comprehension deficit. Brain and Language, 95, 255-264.] reports a single patient, WBN, who, during spoken language comprehension, is still able to access some of the syntactic properties of verbs despite being unable to access some of their semantic properties. Allen claims that these findings challenge linguistic theories which assume that much of the syntactic behavior of verbs can be predicted from their meanings. I argue, however, that this conclusion is not supported by the data for two reasons: first, Allen focuses on aspects of verb syntax that are not claimed to be influenced by verb semantics; and second, he ignores aspects of verb syntax that are claimed to be influenced by verb semantics. A critique of Mark D. Allen's "The preservation of verb subcategory knowledge in a spoken language comprehension deficit" David Kemmerer doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2007.04.008 Brain and Language, Vol. 106, No. 1. (July 2008), pp. 72-78. 2008-06-10T01:07:47-00:00 2008 Brain and Language 106 1 72 78 noun-verb semantic-degradation semantic-organization word-meaning http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2878400 <i>Brain and Language, Vol. 106, No. 1. (July 2008), pp. 15-28.</i><br /><br />An influential hypothesis regarding the neural basis of the mental lexicon is that semantic representations are neurally implemented as distributed networks carrying sensory, motor and/or more abstract functional information. This work investigates whether the semantic properties of words partly determine the topography of such networks. Subjects performed a visual lexical decision task while their EEG was recorded. We compared the EEG responses to nouns with either visual semantic properties (VIS, referring to colors and shapes) or with auditory semantic properties (AUD, referring to sounds). A time-frequency analysis of the EEG revealed power increases in the theta (4-7 Hz) and lower-beta (13-18 Hz) frequency bands, and an early power increase and subsequent decrease for the alpha (8-12 Hz) band. In the theta band we observed a double dissociation: temporal electrodes showed larger theta power increases in the AUD condition, while occipital leads showed larger theta responses in the VIS condition. The results support the notion that semantic representations are stored in functional networks with a topography that reflects the semantic properties of the stored items, and provide further evidence that oscillatory brain dynamics in the theta frequency range are functionally related to the retrieval of lexical semantic information. I see what you mean: Theta power increases are involved in the retrieval of lexical semantic information Marcel Bastiaansen Robert Oostenveld Ole Jensen Peter Hagoort doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2007.10.006 Brain and Language, Vol. 106, No. 1. (July 2008), pp. 15-28. 2008-06-10T01:04:33-00:00 2008 Brain and Language 106 1 15 28 semantic-organization word-meaning http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2878328 <i>Cognitive Neuropsychology, Vol. 20, No. 3. (2003), pp. 195-212.</i> Neuropsychological and neuroimaging perspectives on conceptual knowledge: An introduction Alex Martin Alfonso Caramazza doi:10.1080/02643290342000050 Cognitive Neuropsychology, Vol. 20, No. 3. (2003), pp. 195-212. 2008-06-09T23:09:28-00:00 2003 Cognitive Neuropsychology 20 3 195 212 Psychology Press semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2878324 <i>Cognitive Neuropsychology, Vol. 20, No. 3. (2003), pp. 451-486.</i><br /><br />Three theories currently compete to explain the conceptual deficits that result from brain damage: sensory-functional theory, domain-specific theory, and conceptual structure theory. We argue that all three theories capture important aspects of conceptual deficits, and offer different insights into their origins. Conceptual topography theory (CTT) integrates these insights, beginning with A. R. Damasio's (1989) convergence zone theory and elaborating it with the similarity-in-topography (SIT) principle. According to CTT, feature maps in sensory-motor systems represent the features of a category's exemplars. A hierarchical system of convergence zones then conjoins these features to form both property and category representations. According to the SIT principle, the proximity of two conjunctive neurons in a convergence zone increases with the similarity of the features they conjoin. As a result, conjunctive neurons become topographically organised into local regions that represent properties and categories. Depending on the level and location of a lesion in this system, a wide variety of deficits is possible. Consistent with the literature, these deficits range from the loss of a single category to the loss of multiple categories that share sensory-motor properties. The similarity-in-topography principle: Reconciling theories of conceptual deficits Kyle Simmons Lawrence Barsalou doi:10.1080/02643290342000032 Cognitive Neuropsychology, Vol. 20, No. 3. (2003), pp. 451-486. 2008-06-09T23:06:57-00:00 2003 Cognitive Neuropsychology 20 3 451 486 Psychology Press semantic-degradation semantic-features semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2878318 <i>The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, Vol. 57, No. 7. (2004), pp. 1153-1171.</i><br /><br />Many models of the processing of printed or spoken words or objects or faces propose that systems of local representations of the forms of such stimulilexiconsexist. This is denied by partisans of the distributed-representation connectionist approach to cognitive modelling. An experimental paradigm of key theoretical importance here is lexical decision and its analogue in the domain of objects, object decision. How does each theoretical camp account for our ability to perform these two tasks? The localists say that the tasks are done by matching or failing to match a stimulus to a local representation in a lexicon. Advocates of distributed representations often do not seek to explain these two tasks; however, when they do, they propose that patterns of activation evoked in a semantic system can be used to discriminate between words and nonwords, or between real objects and false objects. Therefore the distributed-representation account of lexical and object decision tasks predicts that performance on these tasks can never be normal in patients with an impaired semantic system, nor in patients who cannot access semantics normally from the stimulus domain being tested. However, numerous such patients have been reported in the literature, indicating that semantic access is not needed for normal performance on these tasks. Such results support the localist form of modelling rather than the distributed-representation approach. Are there lexicons? Max Coltheart doi:10.1080/02724980443000007 The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, Vol. 57, No. 7. (2004), pp. 1153-1171. 2008-06-09T23:03:04-00:00 2004 The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 57 7 1153 1171 Psychology Press models semantic-degradation semantic-features semantic-organization word-meaning http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2878303 <i>(2006), pp. 403-453.</i> Semantic memory Beth Ober Gregory Shenaut (2006), pp. 403-453. 2008-06-09T22:45:57-00:00 2006 403 453 Elsevier semantic-degradation semantic-features semantic-measures semantic-organization semantic-priming word-meaning http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2873461 <i>Cognitive Neuropsychology, Vol. 25, No. 2. (2008), pp. 287-313.</i><br /><br />Many cognitive psychological studies assume that error probabilities reflect the structure of cognitive representations (e.g., if the representations of two lexical items overlap, they are more likely to interact in a word exchange error than are two lexical items with nonoverlapping representations). However, since errors directly reflect the properties of neurobiological structures and processes, this assumption rests on the correspondence between cognitive and neurobiological elements. Analytical and simulation studies of connectionist networks are used to examine the consequences of different cognitive-neurobiological relationships (e.g., localist vs. distributed representations) for effects of representational structure on error probabilities. The results reveal that such effects are influenced by the nature of the relationship between network and cognitive representations. While errors on localist network representations always reflect the degree to which cognitive representations overlap, distributed representations only do so under specific conditions. Furthermore, the effects of cognitive representational structure on error probabilities are shown to be stronger under localist than under distributed representations. Does like attract like? Exploring the relationship between errors and representational structure in connectionist networks Matthew Goldrick doi:10.1080/02643290701417939 Cognitive Neuropsychology, Vol. 25, No. 2. (2008), pp. 287-313. 2008-06-08T13:08:48-00:00 2008 Cognitive Neuropsychology 25 2 287 313 Psychology Press models semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2873459 <i>Cognitive Neuropsychology, Vol. 25, No. 2. (2008), pp. 136-164.</i><br /><br />In semantic dementia (SD), there is a correlation between performance on semantic tasks such as picture naming and lexical tasks such as reading aloud. However, there have been a few case reports of patients with spared reading despite profound semantic impairment. These reports have sparked an ongoing debate about how the brain processes conceptual versus lexical knowledge. One possibility is that there are two functionally distinct systems in the brainone for semantic and one for lexical processing. Alternatively, there may be a single system involved in both. We present a computational investigation of the role of individual differences in explaining the relationship between naming and reading performance in five SD patients, among whom there are cases of both association and dissociation of deficits. We used a connectionist model where information from different modalities feeds into a single integrative layer. Our simulations successfully produced the overall relationship between reading and naming seen in SD and provided multiple fits for both association and dissociation data, suggesting that a single, cross-modal, integrative system is sufficient for both semantic and lexical tasks and that individual differences among patients are essential in accounting for variability in performance. A single-system account of semantic and lexical deficits in five semantic dementia patients Katia Dilkina James Mcclelland David Plaut doi:10.1080/02643290701723948 Cognitive Neuropsychology, Vol. 25, No. 2. (2008), pp. 136-164. 2008-06-08T13:07:54-00:00 2008 Cognitive Neuropsychology 25 2 136 164 Psychology Press models semantic-organization semantic-priming http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2845964 <i>Science, Vol. 320, No. 5880. (30 May 2008), pp. 1191-1195.</i><br /><br />The question of how the human brain represents conceptual knowledge has been debated in many scientific fields. Brain imaging studies have shown that different spatial patterns of neural activation are associated with thinking about different semantic categories of pictures and words (for example, tools, buildings, and animals). We present a computational model that predicts the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) neural activation associated with words for which fMRI data are not yet available. This model is trained with a combination of data from a trillion-word text corpus and observed fMRI data associated with viewing several dozen concrete nouns. Once trained, the model predicts fMRI activation for thousands of other concrete nouns in the text corpus, with highly significant accuracies over the 60 nouns for which we currently have fMRI data. 10.1126/science.1152876 Predicting Human Brain Activity Associated with the Meanings of Nouns Tom Mitchell Svetlana Shinkareva Andrew Carlson Kai-Min Chang Vicente Malave Robert Mason Marcel Just doi:10.1126/science.1152876 Science, Vol. 320, No. 5880. (30 May 2008), pp. 1191-1195. 2008-05-29T22:12:26-00:00 2008 Science 320 5880 1191 1195 distributional-similarity fmri semantic-features semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2844779 <i>Brain and Language, Vol. In Press, Corrected Proof</i><br /><br />The Simulation Framework, also known as the Embodied Cognition Framework, maintains that conceptual knowledge is grounded in sensorimotor systems. To test several predictions that this theory makes about the neural substrates of verb meanings, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to scan subjects' brains while they made semantic judgments involving five classes of verbs--specifically, Running verbs (e.g., run, jog, walk), Speaking verbs (e.g., shout, mumble, whisper), Hitting verbs (e.g., hit, poke, jab), Cutting verbs (e.g., cut, slice, hack), and Change of State verbs (e.g., shatter, smash, crack). These classes were selected because they vary with respect to the presence or absence of five distinct semantic components--specifically, ACTION, MOTION, CONTACT, CHANGE OF STATE, and TOOL USE. Based on the Simulation Framework, we hypothesized that the ACTION component depends on the primary motor and premotor cortices, that the MOTION component depends on the posterolateral temporal cortex, that the CONTACT component depends on the intraparietal sulcus and inferior parietal lobule, that the CHANGE OF STATE component depends on the ventral temporal cortex, and that the TOOL USE component depends on a distributed network of temporal, parietal, and frontal regions. Virtually all of the predictions were confirmed. Taken together, these findings support the Simulation Framework and extend our understanding of the neuroanatomical distribution of different aspects of verb meaning. Neuroanatomical distribution of five semantic components of verbs: Evidence from fMRI David Kemmerer Javier Castillo Thomas Talavage Stephanie Patterson Cynthia Wiley doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2007.09.003 Brain and Language, Vol. In Press, Corrected Proof 2008-05-29T15:10:21-00:00 Brain and Language In Press, Corrected Proof distributional-similarity fmri noun-verb semantic-features semantic-organization situated-simulation http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2806185 <i>Child Development, Vol. 79, No. 3. (2008), pp. 594-608.</i><br /><br />Four experiments investigated 4-year-olds’ understanding of adjective-noun compositionality and their sensitivity to statistics when interpreting scalar adjectives. In Experiments 1 and 2, children selected tall and short items from 9 novel objects called pimwits (1-9 in. in height) or from this array plus 4 taller or shorter distractor objects of the same kind. Changing the height distributions of the sets shifted children’s tall and short judgments. However, when distractors differed in name and surface features from targets, in Experiment 3, judgments did not shift. In Experiment 4, dissimilar distractors did affect judgments when they received the same name as targets. It is concluded that 4-year-olds deploy a compositional semantics that is sensitive to statistics and mediated by linguistic labels. Compositionality and Statistics in Adjective Acquisition: 4-Year-Olds Interpret Tall and Short Based on the Size Distributions of Novel Noun Referents David Barner Jesse Snedeker doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2008.01145.x Child Development, Vol. 79, No. 3. (2008), pp. 594-608. 2008-05-17T00:13:45-00:00 2008 Child Development 79 3 594 608 bayesian semantic-organization word-learning http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2796325 <i>Brain and Language, Vol. 105, No. 3. (June 2008), pp. 220-228.</i><br /><br />Previous research suggests that the left hemisphere (LH) focuses on strongly related word meanings; the right hemisphere (RH) may contribute uniquely to the processing of lexical ambiguity by activating and maintaining a wide range of meanings, including subordinate meanings. The present study used the word-lists false memory paradigm [Roediger, H. L. III., & McDermott, K. B. (1995). Creating false memories: Remembering words not presented in lists. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 21, 803-814.] to examine whether these differences between the two cerebral hemispheres in semantic processing also affect memory representations for different meanings of ambiguous words. Specifically, we tested the differences between the LH and RH in recollecting unpresented, semantically related, ambiguous words following the presentation of lists of words all related to either the dominant or the subordinate meanings of these ambiguous words. Findings showed that for the unpresented ambiguous words, the LH made more false alarms than the RH for the dominant lists, whereas the opposite pattern emerged for subordinate lists. Moreover, d' analyses showed that, whereas the LH was more sensitive to subordinate than dominant meanings, the RH showed no differences in sensitivity for the two types of word-lists. Taken as a whole, these results support the RH coarse semantic coding theory [Beeman, M. (1998). Coarse semantic coding and discourse comprehension. In Beeman & M., Chiarello, C. (Eds.), Right hemisphere language comprehension: Perspectives from cognitive neuroscience (pp. 255-284). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum; Jung-Beeman, M. (2005). Bilateral brain processes for comprehending natural language. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9, 512-518.] indicating that during word recognition, the RH activates and maintains a broader and less differentiated range of related meanings than the LH, including both dominant and subordinate meanings of ambiguous words. Furthermore, the findings suggest that hemispheric differences in ambiguity resolution during language processing extend also to verbal memory. Hemispheric asymmetries in semantic processing: Evidence from false memories for ambiguous words Miriam Faust Elisheva Ben-Artzi Itay Harel doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2007.12.002 Brain and Language, Vol. 105, No. 3. (June 2008), pp. 220-228. 2008-05-14T00:36:45-00:00 2008 Brain and Language 105 3 220 228 semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2786133 <i>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, Vol. 34, No. 3. (May 2008), pp. 719-725.</i> Clarifying the nature of the distinctiveness by domain interaction in conceptual structure: Comment on Cree, McNorgan, and McRae (2006) Kirsten Taylor Angeliki Salamoura Billi Randall Helen Moss Lorraine Tyler Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, Vol. 34, No. 3. (May 2008), pp. 719-725. 2008-05-12T01:51:32-00:00 2008 Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 34 3 719 725 semantic-features semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2783274 <i>Journal of Psycholinguistic Research</i><br /><br />Abstract  The present study investigates the effects of word category (nouns versus verbs) and their subcategories on naming latencies in German, with a focus on the influence of lexical parameters on naming performance. The experimental material met linguistic construction criteria and was carefully matched for age of spontaneous production, frequency, and name agreement. Additional lexical parameters (objective age-of-acquisition, word length, visual complexity, imageability) were obtained. The results demonstrated a clear effect of word category on naming latencies. This effect was supported by two different observations. First, there was evidence for category and subcategory effects in naming: nouns were named faster than verbs, and intransitive verbs were named faster than transitive verbs. Second, while objective age-of-acquisition (naming age) turned out to be an important predictor of reaction times for both word categories, naming latencies for nouns and verbs were affected differentially by other lexical parameters. The results are discussed with respect to current controversies on the noun–verb-asymmetry. The Differential Influence of Lexical Parameters on Naming Latencies in German. A Study on Noun and Verb Picture Naming Christina Kauschke Jenny von Frankenberg doi:10.1007/s10936-007-9068-5 Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 2008-05-10T20:38:30-00:00 Journal of Psycholinguistic Research aoa noun-verb semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2766902 <i>J Semantics, Vol. 25, No. 2. (1 May 2008), pp. 175-220.</i><br /><br />This paper describes a comprehensive survey of English verbs that semantically allow or require an Instrument role. It sheds light on the nature of Instrument roles and instrumentality by examining the distribution in semantic space of those verbs. We show first that verbs that semantically require instruments are typically semantically more complex than predicted by current theories of the structural complexity of verb meanings. We also show that verbs that require or allow instruments constrain the end states of situations they describe more than they constrain the agent's initial activity. Our survey further suggests that the causal role played by the instrument is more varied than suggested by previous studies and requires the introduction of a new subtype of causal relation, which we dub helping. Finally, our survey demonstrates that verbs that semantically require an instrument cluster together more closely in semantic space and constrain the instrument's (causal) role and properties more than verbs that merely allow the presence of an instrument. 10.1093/jos/ffm013 What with? The Anatomy of a (Proto)-Role Jean-Pierre Koenig Gail Mauner Breton Bienvenue Kathy Conklin doi:10.1093/jos/ffm013 J Semantics, Vol. 25, No. 2. (1 May 2008), pp. 175-220. 2008-05-07T16:06:39-00:00 2008 J Semantics 25 2 175 220 semantic-organization word-meaning http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2754314 <i>Journal of Child Language, Vol. 35, No. 02. (2008), pp. 373-402.</i><br /><br />The objectives were to explore the often reported noun advantage in children's language acquisition using a picture naming paradigm and to explore the variables that affect picture naming performance. Participants in Experiment 1 were aged three and five years, and in Experiment 2, five years. The stimuli were action and object pictures. In Experiment 1, action pictures produced more errors than object pictures for the three-year-olds, but not the five-year-olds. A qualitative analysis of the errors revealed a somewhat different pattern of errors across age groups. In Experiment 2 there was no robust difference in accuracy for the actions and objects but naming times were longer for actions. Across both experiments, imageability was a robust predictor of object naming performance, while spoken frequency was the most important predictor of action naming. The results are discussed in terms of possible differences in the manner in which nouns and verbs are acquired. Object and action picture naming in three- and five-year-old children Jackie Masterson Judit Druks Donna Gallienne Journal of Child Language, Vol. 35, No. 02. (2008), pp. 373-402. 2008-05-04T18:02:33-00:00 2008 Journal of Child Language 35 02 373 402 concrete-abstract semantic-development semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2661073 <i>Current Directions in Psychological Science, Vol. 17, No. 2. (April 2008), pp. 91-95.</i> Cognitive and Neural Contributions to Understanding the Conceptual System Barsalou W Lawrence doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00555.x Current Directions in Psychological Science, Vol. 17, No. 2. (April 2008), pp. 91-95. 2008-04-12T17:32:23-00:00 2008 Current Directions in Psychological Science 0963-7214 17 2 91 95 Blackwell Publishing fmri semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2646707 <i>(1997)</i> Knowledge, Concepts, and Categories (1997) 2008-04-09T17:54:48-00:00 1997 MIT Press category-learning semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2646655 <i></i> Towards a computational model of gradience in word sense Katrin Erk Sebastian Pado 2008-04-09T17:40:52-00:00 computational-linguistics semantic-features semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2641647 <i>Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, Vol. 32, No. 1. (January 2006), pp. 1-14.</i> Eye Movements to Pictures Reveal Transient Semantic Activation During Spoken Word Recognition Eiling Yee Julie Sedivy Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, Vol. 32, No. 1. (January 2006), pp. 1-14. 2008-04-08T13:54:18-00:00 2006 Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 32 1 1 14 eye-movements semantic-organization spoken-word-recognition visual-world-paradigm word-association http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2633573 <i>(2008)</i> Predicting judged similarity of natural categories from their neural representation Matt Weber Sharon Thompson-Schill Daniel Osherson (2008) 2008-04-05T19:59:00-00:00 2008 fmri semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2626376 <i></i> Language and simulation in conceptual processing Lawrence Barsalou Ava Santos Kyle Simmons Christine Wilson 2008-04-03T15:06:56-00:00 Oxford University Press concrete-abstract distributional-similarity fmri lexical-processing mental-lexicon semantic-features semantic-measures semantic-organization semantic-priming statistical-learning http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2621455 <i>Journal of Memory and Language, Vol. 58, No. 4. (May 2008), pp. 916-930.</i><br /><br />One key issue for models of bilingual memory is to what degree the semantic representation from one of the languages is shared with the other language. In the present paper, we examine whether there is an early, automatic semantic priming effect across languages for noncognates with highly proficient (Basque/Spanish) bilinguals. Experiment 1 was a between-language masked semantic priming lexical decision experiment. Results showed a significant between-language semantic priming effect for both Basque-Spanish and Spanish-Basque pairs. Experiment 2 showed that the magnitude of the between-language and within-language masked semantic priming effects was quite similar. Experiment 3 replicated the findings of Experiment 2 with highly proficient bilinguals whose mother tongue was Spanish. Thus, highly fluent bilinguals develop early and automatic between-language links with noncognates at the semantic level, as predicted by the hierarchical revised model and the BIA+ model. We examine the implications of these results for models of bilingual memory. Masked associative/semantic priming effects across languages with highly proficient bilinguals Manuel Perea Jon Dunabeitia Manuel Carreiras doi:10.1016/j.jml.2008.01.003 Journal of Memory and Language, Vol. 58, No. 4. (May 2008), pp. 916-930. 2008-04-02T00:24:39-00:00 2008 Journal of Memory and Language 58 4 916 930 bilingualism semantic-organization semantic-priming http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2573374 <i>NeuroImage, Vol. 40, No. 3. (15 April 2008), pp. 1274-1286.</i><br /><br />Mirror neurons in the monkey's premotor cortex respond during both execution and observation of actions and are thought to be critical for understanding others' actions. Human studies have shown premotor cortex activation while viewing actions, hearing their sounds, listening to or reading action-related sentences, and have compared execution and observation of similar actions. However, we still lack direct evidence in humans of the most striking and theoretically relevant feature of mirror neurons, i.e., that they map seen/heard actions onto motor representations of the same actions at an abstract level. Here we combine fast event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging with an unconscious semantic priming paradigm and show that the human auditory mirror system also holds an abstract representation of the meaning of heard actions. We analyzed the effect on brain activity of trial-by-trial semantic congruency between a target sound denoting a hand or mouth action (or an environmental event) and a briefly flashed written word acting as an unconscious cross-modal prime. Left inferior frontal and posterior temporal regions selectively responded to action sounds in a non-somatotopic fashion and were modulated by semantic congruency only in action sound trials. We also observed regions selective for either hand or mouth actions, which however did not show a corresponding effector-specific effect of semantic congruency. These results provide evidence that the human mirror system represents the meaning of actions (but not of other events) (a) at an abstract, semantic level, (b) independently of the effector, and (c) independently of conscious awareness. A selective representation of the meaning of actions in the auditory mirror system Gaspare Galati Giorgia Committeri Grazia Spitoni Teresa Aprile Francesco Di Russo Sabrina Pitzalis Luigi Pizzamiglio doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.12.044 NeuroImage, Vol. 40, No. 3. (15 April 2008), pp. 1274-1286. 2008-03-23T00:42:46-00:00 2008 NeuroImage 40 3 1274 1286 fmri semantic-organization semantic-priming http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2567059 <i>Cognitive Science, Vol. 29, No. 1. (2005), pp. 41-78.</i> The Large-Scale Structure of Semantic Networks: Statistical Analyses and a Model of Semantic Growth Mark Steyvers‌ Joshua Tenenbaum Cognitive Science, Vol. 29, No. 1. (2005), pp. 41-78. 2008-03-20T15:03:59-00:00 2005 Cognitive Science 29 1 41 78 aoa networks semantic-development semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2485610 <i>Psychological Science, Vol. 19, No. 3. (March 2008), pp. 232-240.</i> Talking About Walking: Biomechanics and the Language of Locomotion Malt C Barbara Gennari Silvia Imai Mutsumi Ameel Eef Tsuda Naoaki Majid Asifa doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02074.x Psychological Science, Vol. 19, No. 3. (March 2008), pp. 232-240. 2008-03-07T16:40:27-00:00 2008 Psychological Science 0956-7976 19 3 232 240 Blackwell Publishing semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2517210 <i>Cereb. Cortex, Vol. 18, No. 4. (1 April 2008), pp. 740-751.</i><br /><br />Previous reports suggest that the internal organization of semantic memory is in terms of different "types of knowledge," including "sensory" (information about perceptual features), "action" (motor-based knowledge of object utilization), and "functional" (abstract properties, as function and context of use). Consistent with this view, a specific loss of action knowledge, with preserved functional knowledge, has been recently observed in patients with left frontoparietal lesions. The opposite pattern (impaired functional knowledge with preserved action knowledge) was reported in association with anterior inferotemporal lesions. In the present study, the cerebral representation of action and functional knowledge was investigated using event-related analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging data. Fifteen subjects were presented with pictures showing pairs of manipulable objects and asked whether the objects within each pair were used with the same manipulation pattern ("action knowledge" condition) or in the same context ("functional knowledge" condition). Direct comparisons showed action knowledge, relative to functional knowledge, to activate a left frontoparietal network, comprising the intraparietal sulcus, the inferior parietal lobule, and the dorsal premotor cortex. The reverse comparison yielded activations in the retrosplenial and the lateral anterior inferotemporal cortex. These results confirm and extend previous neuropsychological data and support the hypothesis of the existence of different types of information processing in the internal organization of semantic memory. 10.1093/cercor/bhm110 The Different Neural Correlates of Action and Functional Knowledge in Semantic Memory: An fMRI Study Nicola Canessa Francesca Borgo Stefano Cappa Daniela Perani Andrea Falini Giovanni Buccino Marco Tettamanti Tim Shallice doi:10.1093/cercor/bhm110 Cereb. Cortex, Vol. 18, No. 4. (1 April 2008), pp. 740-751. 2008-03-12T00:47:20-00:00 2008 Cereb. Cortex 18 4 740 751 fmri semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2491858 <i>(2008)</i> Advanced Methods of Electrophysiological Signal Analysis and Symbol Grounding: Dynamical Systems Approaches to Language C Allefeld Beim Graben J Kurths (2008) 2008-03-09T02:23:26-00:00 2008 Nova Science Publishers erps semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2428093 <i>Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 40, No. 1. (February 2008), pp. 213-231.</i> Word associations: Network and semantic properties De Deyne Simon Storms Gert doi:10.3758/BRM.40.1.213 Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 40, No. 1. (February 2008), pp. 213-231. 2008-02-26T02:21:59-00:00 2008 Behavior Research Methods 1554-351X 40 1 213 231 Psychonomic Society Publications semantic-organization word-association http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2428097 <i>Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 40, No. 1. (February 2008), pp. 183-190.</i> Semantic feature production norms for a large set of objects and events David Vinson Gabriella Vigliocco doi:10.3758/BRM.40.1.183 Behavior Research Methods, Vol. 40, No. 1. (February 2008), pp. 183-190. 2008-02-26T02:22:00-00:00 2008 Behavior Research Methods 1554-351X 40 1 183 190 Psychonomic Society Publications semantic-features semantic-measures semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2437282 <i></i> Predicting word-naming and lexical decision times from a semantic space model Brendan Johns Michael Jones 2008-02-27T15:25:39-00:00 contextual-diversity distributional-similarity semantic-development semantic-measures semantic-organization semantic-priming http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2428190 <i>Corpus Linguistics and Lingustic Theory, Vol. 3, No. 2. (2007), pp. 131-159.</i> Every method counts: Combining corpus-based and experimental evidence in the study of synonymy Antti Arppe Juhani Järvikivi Corpus Linguistics and Lingustic Theory, Vol. 3, No. 2. (2007), pp. 131-159. 2008-02-26T02:41:47-00:00 2007 Corpus Linguistics and Lingustic Theory 3 2 131 159 corpus-linguistics semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2423710 <i></i> Flexible, Corpus-Based Modelling of Human Plausibility Judgements S Pado U Pado K Erk 2008-02-24T23:44:20-00:00 computational-linguistics plausibility-judgments semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2394548 <i>Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, Vol. 37, No. 2. (29 March 2008), pp. 87-113.</i><br /><br />Abstract  This paper examines the influence of context on the processing of category names embedded in sentences. The investigation focuses on the nature of information available immediately after such a word is heard as well as on the dynamics of adaptation to context. An on-line method (Cross Modal Lexical Priming) was used to trace how this process unfolds in time. We found that the information available immediately after a category word is presented is not altered by the sentence context in which the word is immersed. Rather, the structure of availability of particular exemplars of the category resembles the typicality structure of a conceptual representation. The adaptation to context occurs later (between 300 and 450 ms after the category word) and takes the form of a rapid reorganization of the structure rather than a gradual activation of a contextually relevant exemplar. We claim that such data is best accounted for in a dynamical framework, where a coherent global structure emerges through locally guided self-organization. Activating Basic Category Exemplars in Sentence Contexts: A Dynamical Account Joanna Rączaszek-Leonardi Lewis Shapiro Betty Tuller J Kelso doi:10.1007/s10936-007-9061-z Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, Vol. 37, No. 2. (29 March 2008), pp. 87-113. 2008-02-18T14:12:33-00:00 2008 Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 37 2 87 113 lexical-processing semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2358713 <i>NeuroImage, Vol. 40, No. 1. (1 March 2008), pp. 367-388.</i><br /><br />To make sense of a sentence, we must compute morphosyntactic and semantic-thematic relationships between its verbs and arguments and evaluate the resulting propositional meaning against any preceding context and our real-world knowledge. Recent electrophysiological studies suggest that, in comparison with non-violated verbs (e.g. "...at breakfast the boys would eat..."), animacy semantic-thematically violated verbs (e.g. "...at breakfast the eggs would eat...") and morphosyntactically violated verbs (e.g. "...at breakfast the boys would eats...") evoke a similar neural response. This response is distinct from that evoked by verbs that only violate real-world knowledge (e.g. "...at breakfast the boys would plant..."). Here we used fMRI to examine the neuroanatomical regions engaged in response to these three violations. Real-world violations, relative to other sentence types, led to increased activity within the left anterior inferior frontal cortex, reflecting participants' increased and prolonged efforts to retrieve semantic knowledge about the likelihood of events occurring in the real world. In contrast, animacy semantic-thematic violations of the actions depicted by the central verbs engaged a frontal/inferior parietal/basal ganglia network known to mediate the execution and comprehension of goal-directed action. We suggest that the recruitment of this network reflected a semantic-thematic combinatorial process that involved an attempt to determine whether the actions described by the verbs could be executed by their NP Agents. Intriguingly, this network was also activated to morphosyntactic violations between the verbs and their subject NP arguments. Our findings support the pattern of electrophysiological findings in suggesting (a) that a clear division within the semantic system plays out during sentence comprehension, and (b) that semantic-thematic and syntactic violations of verbs within simple active sentences are treated similarly by the brain. Neuroanatomical distinctions within the semantic system during sentence comprehension: Evidence from functional magnetic resonance imaging Gina Kuperberg Tatiana Sitnikova Balaji Lakshmanan doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.10.009 NeuroImage, Vol. 40, No. 1. (1 March 2008), pp. 367-388. 2008-02-10T01:18:42-00:00 2008 NeuroImage 40 1 367 388 fmri lexical-processing semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2354771 <i>(submitted)</i> Is there preferential attachment in the growth of early semantic noun networks? Thomas Hills Mounir Maouene Josita Maouene Adam Sheya Linda Smith (submitted) 2008-02-08T21:13:59-00:00 networks semantic-development semantic-features semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/233131 <i>Journal of Memory and Language, Vol. 53, No. 2. (August 2005), pp. 258-276.</i><br /><br />It is generally accepted that children have sensorimotor mental representations for concepts even before they learn the words for those concepts. We argue that these prelinguistic and embodied concepts direct and ground word learning, such that early concepts provide scaffolding by which later word learning, and even grammar learning, is enabled and facilitated. We gathered numerical ratings of the sensorimotor features of many early words (352 nouns, 90 verbs) using adult human participants. We analyzed the ratings to demonstrate their ability to capture the embodied meaning of the underlying concepts. Then using a simulation experiment we demonstrated that with language corpora of sufficient complexity, neural network (SRN) models with sensorimotor features perform significantly better than models without features, as evidenced by their ability to perform word prediction, an aspect of grammar. We also discuss the possibility of indirect acquisition of grounded meaning through "propagation of grounding" for novel words in these networks. A model of grounded language acquisition: Sensorimotor features improve lexical and grammatical learning Steve Howell Damian Jankowicz Suzanna Becker doi:10.1016/j.jml.2005.03.002 Journal of Memory and Language, Vol. 53, No. 2. (August 2005), pp. 258-276. 2005-06-21T09:18:01-00:00 2005 Journal of Memory and Language 53 2 258 276 semantic-development semantic-features semantic-measures semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2351819 <i>Neuropsychology, Vol. 17, No. 2. (2003), pp. 306-309.</i> Structure versus processing deficits in Alzheimer's disease, a matter of degree: A comment on Storms et al (2003) Keith Hutchison David Balota Neuropsychology, Vol. 17, No. 2. (2003), pp. 306-309. 2008-02-08T03:25:30-00:00 2003 Neuropsychology 17 2 306 309 semantic-degradation semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2343195 <i>Cognition, Vol. 85, No. 3. (October 2002), pp. 251-275.</i><br /><br />The present paper evaluates different hypotheses for explaining the living/nonliving things dissociation phenomenon in terms of feature type, considering the role of this dimension in the organization of conceptual semantic representations and in the activation of name representations. For this purpose we used Sloman and associates' (Memory and Cognition 27(3) (1999) 526; Cognitive Science 22(2) (1998) 189) name centrality and conceptual centrality tasks and asked subjects to judge functional and perceptual/visual features of living and nonliving items. Conceptual centrality results are more in accordance with a "single feature-domain connection hypothesis" where visual features are more important than functional features for the representation of living things and no feature type advantage is found for nonliving things. Name centrality results show that functional features are more important than sensory/visual features overall, a result that is not predicted by any of the hypotheses considered. The fact that the two judgments diverge emphasizes their importance for evaluating the role of feature type in the living/nonliving dissociation. Implications for explaining this phenomenon are also discussed. Names, concepts, features and the living/nonliving things dissociation Frederico Marques doi:10.1016/S0010-0277(02)00123-3 Cognition, Vol. 85, No. 3. (October 2002), pp. 251-275. 2008-02-06T19:45:20-00:00 2002 Cognition 85 3 251 275 semantic-association semantic-features semantic-measures semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2343108 <i>Brain and Language, Vol. 86, No. 3. (September 2003), pp. 347-365.</i><br /><br />Investigations of patients with semantic category-specific deficits have revealed a wide range of performance and variability in categories that are impaired or spared; this variability presents a challenge to accounts of category specificity. Accounts based only on impairment to semantic features of a particular type (e.g., visual), as well as accounts based only on featural properties (e.g., feature intercorrelations), are insufficient to explain the variability of patients' performance. A first goal of the paper is to discuss how a hybrid account incorporating both a level of organization according to feature types (a level of nonlinguistic conceptual representations) and a level of organization dictated by featural properties may provide a more comprehensive account of the cases reported in the literature. The second and most novel goal of the study reported here is to derive from our hybrid account a series of novel predictions concerning the representation and impairment of a different domain of knowledge: knowledge of actions and events, a domain of knowledge that has received remarkably little attention to date. The breakdown of semantic knowledge: Insights from a statistical model of meaning representation David Vinson Gabriella Vigliocco Stefano Cappa Simona Siri doi:10.1016/S0093-934X(03)00144-5 Brain and Language, Vol. 86, No. 3. (September 2003), pp. 347-365. 2008-02-06T19:17:29-00:00 2003 Brain and Language 86 3 347 365 semantic-features semantic-organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/briordan/article/2326910 <i>J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, Vol. 75, No. 1. (1 January 2004), pp. 61-71.</i><br /><br />Background: There are inconsistencies in published reports regarding the profile of cognitive impairments in vascular dementia, and its differentiation from Alzheimer's disease. Objectives: To identify the overall profile of cognitive impairment in subcortical vascular dementia as compared with Alzheimer's disease; and the tests which best discriminate between these groups. Methods: 57 subjects participated: 19 with subcortical vascular dementia, 19 with Alzheimer's disease, and 19 controls. The dementia groups were matched for age, education, and general levels of cognitive and everyday functioning. Subcortical vascular dementia was defined by clinical features (prominent vascular risk factors plus a previous history of transient ischaemic events or focal neurological signs) and substantial white matter pathology on magnetic resonance imaging. All subjects were given a battery of 33 tests assessing episodic and semantic memory, executive/attentional functioning, and visuospatial and perceptual skills. Results: Despite a minimal degree of overall dementia, both patient groups had impairments in all cognitive domains. The Alzheimer patients were more impaired than those with vascular dementia on episodic memory, while the patients with vascular dementia were more impaired on semantic memory, executive/attentional functioning, and visuospatial and perceptual skills. Logistic regression analyses showed that the two groups could be discriminated with 89% accuracy on the basis of two tests, the WAIS logical memory - delayed recall test and a silhouette naming test. Conclusions: Subcortical vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease produce distinctive profiles of cognitive impairment which can act as an adjunct to diagnosis. Many of the neuropsychological deficits thought to characterise Alzheimer's disease are also found in subcortical vascular dementia. Distinctive cognitive profiles in Alzheimer's disease and subcortical vascular dementia NL Graham T Emery JR Hodges J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, Vol. 75, No. 1. (1 January 2004), pp. 61-71. 2008-02-03T18:47:02-00:00 2004 J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 75 1 61 71 concrete-abstract semantic-organization