Sun, 27 Jul 2008 06:21:37 BST CiteULike: brownstudy's library [54 articles] http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy CiteULike.org en-gb Copyright © 2004-2008 citeulike.org http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1081786 <i>(2000)</i><br /><br />Hierarchies have been used for organization, summarization, and access to information, yet a lingering issue is how best to construct them. In this paper, our goal is to automatically create domain specific hierarchies that can be used for browsing a document set and locating relevant documents. We examine methods of automatically generating hierarchies and evaluating them. To this end, we compare and contrast two methods of generating topic hierarchies from the text of documents: one,... Discovering and comparing topic hierarchies D Lawrie W Croft (2000) 2007-02-01T08:42:52-00:00 2000 information_organization http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/2469134 <i>(2002), pp. 630-631.</i> Effects of structure and label ambiguity on information navigation Craig Miller Roger Remington doi:10.1145/506443.506518 (2002), pp. 630-631. 2008-03-05T03:55:26-00:00 2002 630 631 ACM browsing information_navigation http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/2467635 <i>(2002), pp. 371-372.</i> Effective collection metasearch in a hierarchical environment: global vs. localized retrieval performance Jack Conrad Changwen Yang Joanne Claussen doi:10.1145/564376.564449 (2002), pp. 371-372. 2008-03-04T20:36:56-00:00 2002 371 372 ACM browsing information_retrieval http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/2459311 <i>SIGCHI Bull., Vol. 32, No. 1. (January 2000), pp. 23-26.</i> Organizing Web site information: principles and practical experience Kate Dobroth Paul Mcinerney Sharon Smith doi:10.1145/333329.333333 SIGCHI Bull., Vol. 32, No. 1. (January 2000), pp. 23-26. 2008-03-03T04:10:22-00:00 2000 SIGCHI Bull. 0736-6906 32 1 23 26 ACM browsing clustering information_organization usability http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/867093 <i></i><br /><br />This dissertation investigates the use of categorized overviews of web search results, based on meaningful and stable categories, to support exploratory search. When searching in digital libraries and on the Web, users are challenged by the lack of effective overviews. Adding categorized overviews to search results can provide substantial benefits when searchers need to explore, understand, and assess their results. When information needs are evolving or imprecise, categorized overviews can stimulate relevant ideas, provoke illuminating questions, and guide searchers to useful information they might not otherwise find. When searchers need to gather information from multiple perspectives or sources, categorized overviews can make those aspects visible for interactive filtering and exploration. However, they add visual complexity to the interface and increase the number of tactical decisions to be made while examining search results. Supporting exploratory web search with meaningful and stable categorized overviews Bill Kules 2006-09-24T21:41:05-00:00 information_retrieval searching http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/577224 <i>Commun. ACM, Vol. 49, No. 4. (April 2006), pp. 59-61.</i> Clustering versus faceted categories for information exploration Marti Hearst doi:10.1145/1121949.1121983 Commun. ACM, Vol. 49, No. 4. (April 2006), pp. 59-61. 2006-04-05T17:31:32-00:00 2006 Commun. ACM 0001-0782 49 4 59 61 ACM Press clustering facets information_retrieval http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/815424 <i>(2005), pp. 131-140.</i><br /><br />Long web search result lists can be hard to browse. We demonstrated experimentally, in a previous study, the usefulness of a categorization algorithm and filtering interface. However, the nature of interaction in real settings is not known from an experiment in laboratory settings. To address this problem, we provided our categorizing web search user interface to 16 users for a two month period. The interactions with the system were logged and the users' opinions were elicited with two questionnaires. The results show that categories are successfully used as part of users' search habits. They are helpful when the result ranking of the search engine fails. In those cases, the users are able to access results that locate far in the rank order list with the categories. Users can also formulate simpler queries and find needed results with the help of the categories. In addition, the categories are beneficial when more than one result is needed like in an exploratory or undirected search task. Findex: search result categories help users when document ranking fails Mika Kaki doi:10.1145/1054972.1054991 (2005), pp. 131-140. 2006-08-24T10:25:37-00:00 2005 131 140 ACM Press information_retrieval searching http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/983578 <i>Information Processing and Management, Vol. 43, No. 1. (January 2007), pp. 10-29.</i><br /><br />Recording search histories, presenting them to the searcher, and building additional interface tools on them offer many opportunities for supporting user tasks in information seeking and use. This study investigated the use of search history information in legal information seeking. Qualitative methods were used to explore how attorneys and law librarians used their memory and external memory aids while searching for information and in transferring to information use. Based on the findings, interface design recommendations were made for information systems. Results of the study from the legal user group presented evidence of the usefulness of search histories and history-based interface tools. Both user manifestations and researcher observations revealed that searchers need historical information in information seeking. Search histories were found to be useful in many user tasks: memory support, search system use, information seeking, information use, task management, task integration, and collaboration. Integrating information across various user tasks and collaborating with others are extensions of traditional information-seeking and use models. These findings encouraged the design of user interface tools and guidelines building on search history information. Search history support for finding and using information: User interface design recommendations from a user study Anita Komlodia Gary Marchionini Dagobert Soergel doi:10.1016/j.ipm.2006.05.017 Information Processing and Management, Vol. 43, No. 1. (January 2007), pp. 10-29. 2006-12-07T17:21:47-00:00 2007 Information Processing and Management 43 1 10 29 searching user_studies http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/2457725 <i>J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci., Vol. 51, No. 13. (November 2000), pp. 1211-1231.</i> Empirical studies of end-user information searching AG Sutcliffe M Ennis SJ Watkinson doi:10.1002/1097-4571(2000)9999:9999<::AID-ASI1033>3.0.CO;2-5 J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci., Vol. 51, No. 13. (November 2000), pp. 1211-1231. 2008-03-02T17:33:43-00:00 2000 J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. 0002-8231 51 13 1211 1231 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. searching user_studies http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1351600 <i>J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol., Vol. 57, No. 6. (April 2006), pp. 788-791.</i> Designing a search user interface for a digital library Lynne Davis doi:10.1002/asi.v57:6 J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol., Vol. 57, No. 6. (April 2006), pp. 788-791. 2007-05-31T15:01:58-00:00 2006 J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. Technol. 1532-2882 57 6 788 791 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. information_retrieval user_interfaces http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/332471 <i>(2005), pp. 75-82.</i> Genre, task, topic and time: facets of personal digital document management Sarah Henderson doi:10.1145/1073943.1073957 (2005), pp. 75-82. 2005-09-26T16:14:44-00:00 2005 75 82 ACM Press document_management information_management information_retrieval personal_information_management http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/867069 <i>Commun. ACM, Vol. 45, No. 9. (September 2002), pp. 42-49.</i> Finding the flow in web site search Marti Hearst Ame Elliott Jennifer English Rashmi Sinha Kirsten Swearingen Ka-Ping Yee doi:10.1145/567498.567525 Commun. ACM, Vol. 45, No. 9. (September 2002), pp. 42-49. 2006-09-24T19:12:41-00:00 2002 Commun. ACM 0001-0782 45 9 42 49 ACM Press information_retrieval usability http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/901979 <i>Inf. Process. Manage., Vol. 35, No. 3. (May 1999), pp. 227-243.</i> What are digital libraries? Competing visions Christine Borgman doi:10.1016/S0306-4573(98)00059-4 Inf. Process. Manage., Vol. 35, No. 3. (May 1999), pp. 227-243. 2006-10-17T15:56:40-00:00 1999 Inf. Process. Manage. 0306-4573 35 3 227 243 Pergamon Press, Inc. digital_libraries http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1332585 <i>(2003), pp. 125-127.</i><br /><br />In this paper, we describe an interactive system, built within the context of CLiMB project, which permits a user to locate the occurrences of named entities within a given text. The named entity tool was developed to identify references to a single art object (e.g. a particular building) with high precision in text related to images of that object in a digital collection. We start with an authoritative list of art objects, and seek to match variants of these named entities in related text. Our approach is to “decay” entities into progressively more general variants while retaining high precision. As variants become more general, and thus more ambiguous, we propose methods to disambiguate intermediate results. Our results will be used to select records into which automatically generated metadata will be loaded. Methods for precise named entity matching in digital collections Peter Davis David Elson Judith Klavans (2003), pp. 125-127. 2007-05-25T15:56:57-00:00 2003 125 127 IEEE Computer Society digital_libraries metadata http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1433688 <i>(2007), pp. 396-397.</i> Induced tagging: promoting resource discovery and recommendation in digital libraries Alfredo Sánchez Adriana Arzamendi-Pétriz Omar Valdiviezo doi:10.1145/1255175.1255252 (2007), pp. 396-397. 2007-07-04T18:04:37-00:00 2007 396 397 ACM Press digital_libraries tagging http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1650240 <i>Digital Libraries, 2004. Proceedings of the 2004 Joint ACM/IEEE Conference on (2004), pp. 11-20.</i><br /><br />We focus on the multifaceted use of the OAI-PMH in a repository architecture designed to store digital assets at the Research Library of the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), and to make the stored assets available in a uniform way to various downstream applications. In the architecture, the MPEG-21 digital item declaration language is used as the XML-based format to represent complex digital objects. Upon ingestion, these objects are stored in a multitude of autonomous OAI-PMH repositories. An OAI-PMH compliant repository index keeps track of the creation and location of all those repositories, whereas an identifier resolver keeps track of the location of individual objects. An OAI-PMH Federator is introduced as a single-point-of-access to downstream harvesters. It hides the complexity of the environment to those harvesters, and allows them to obtain transformations of stored objects. While the proposed architecture is described in the context of the LANL library, also touch on its more general applicability. The multi-faceted use of the OAI-PMH in the LANL repositor HN Jerez X Liu P Hochstenbach H Van de Sompel Digital Libraries, 2004. Proceedings of the 2004 Joint ACM/IEEE Conference on (2004), pp. 11-20. 2007-09-13T03:15:07-00:00 2004 Digital Libraries, 2004. Proceedings of the 2004 Joint ACM/IEEE Conference on 11 20 digital_repositories http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1043208 <i>D-Lib Magazine, Vol. 12, No. 10. (October 2006)</i><br /><br />In order to support these and other user demands, content managers, such as librarians, sponsored programs administrators, thesis office personnel, communications staff, web site managers, and IT professionals, must be able to send/receive, store, organize, and archive content. Therefore, scholarly content needs to be easy to find and broadcast as well as be interoperable from one system to the next. Content users, creators, and managers increasingly will link, copy, move, integrate, transfer, harvest, and possibly even revise scholarly content in digital environments other than the content's original "digital home." As librarians decide how to enhance IRs with value-added services, they need to do so based on a guiding principle: first determine university goals and faculty needs and then develop products, services, and capabilities with these in mind. If the university community sees the IR as adding an indispensable component to the educational activities of the campus, then IRs will gain support and thrive. The "growth industry" for IRs may very well depend upon identifying and implementing creative ways for researchers, students, and other campus professionals to use the scholarly information these repositories contain. Strategies and Frameworks for Institutional Repositories and the New Support Infrastructure for Scholarly Communications Tyler Walters Associate Georgia <tyler D-Lib Magazine, Vol. 12, No. 10. (October 2006) 2007-01-15T19:43:33-00:00 2006 D-Lib Magazine 12 10 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1650225 <i>(2003)</i><br /><br />As more and more information is created in digital formats at the individual, desktop level, institutions are beginning to turn their attention to how to identify and manage these digital assets for long-term use and preservation. This requires an understanding of the knowledge management movement and the associated maturing digital asset management technology. Institutional Repositories (2003) 2007-09-13T03:08:56-00:00 2003 digital_repositories http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/408204 <i>New Review of Information Networking, Vol. 11, No. 1. (May 2005), pp. 65-82.</i> The new frontier of institutional repositories: A common destination with different paths1 Charles Thomas Robert Mcdonald Anthony Smith Tyler Walters doi:10.1080/13614570500269314 New Review of Information Networking, Vol. 11, No. 1. (May 2005), pp. 65-82. 2005-11-25T12:38:40-00:00 2005 New Review of Information Networking 1361-4576 11 1 65 82 Routledge, part of the Taylor & Francis Group digital_repositories http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1650214 <i>D-Lib Magazine, Vol. 13, No. 3/4. (March 2007)</i><br /><br />Problem: While there has been considerable attention dedicated to the development and implementation of institutional repositories, there has been little done to evaluate them, especially with regards to faculty participation. Purpose: This article reports on a three-part evaluative study of institutional repositories. We describe the contents and participation in Cornell's DSpace and compare these results with seven university DSpace installations. Through in-depth interviews with eleven faculty members in the sciences, social sciences and humanities, we explore their attitudes, motivations, and behaviors for non-participation in institutional repositories. Results: Cornell's DSpace is largely underpopulated and underused by its faculty. Many of its collections are empty, and most collections contain few items. Those collections that experience steady growth are collections in which the university has made an administrative investment, such are requiring deposits of theses and dissertations into DSpace. Cornell faculty have little knowledge of and little motivation to use DSpace. Many faculty use alternatives to institutional repositories, such as their personal Web pages and disciplinary repositories, which are perceived to have higher community salience than one's affiliate institution. Faculty gave many reasons for not using repositories: redundancy with other modes of disseminating information, the learning curve, confusion with copyright, fear of plagiarism and having one's work scooped, associating one's work with inconsistent quality, and concerns about whether posting a manuscript constitutes "publishing". Conclusion: While some librarians perceive a crisis in scholarly communication as a crisis in access to the literature, Cornell faculty perceive this essentially as a non-issue. Each discipline has a normative culture, largely defined by their reward system and traditions. If the goal of institutional repositories is to capture and preserve the scholarship of one's faculty, institutional repositories will need to address this cultural diversity. Institutional Repositories: Evaluating the Reasons for Non-use of Cornell University's Installation of DSpace Philip Davis Cornell University <pmd8@cornell Matthew Connolly Cornell University <mjc12@cornell D-Lib Magazine, Vol. 13, No. 3/4. (March 2007) 2007-09-13T03:00:33-00:00 2007 D-Lib Magazine 13 3/4 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1119466 <i>International Journal on Digital Libraries, Vol. V6, No. 2. (April 2006), pp. 124-138.</i> Fedora: an architecture for complex objects and their relationships Carl Lagoze Sandy Payette Edwin Shin Chris Wilper doi:10.1007/s00799-005-0130-3 International Journal on Digital Libraries, Vol. V6, No. 2. (April 2006), pp. 124-138. 2007-02-23T23:15:15-00:00 2006 International Journal on Digital Libraries V6 2 124 138 digital_repositories http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1650110 <i>Digital Libraries, 2003. Proceedings. 2003 Joint Conference on (2003), pp. 87-97.</i><br /><br />We describe DSpace/sup /spl trade//, an open source system that acts as a repository for digital research and educational material produced by an organization or institution. DSpace was developed during two years' collaboration between the Hewlett-Packard Company and MIT Libraries. The development team worked closely with MIT Libraries staff and early adopter faculty members to produce a 'breadth-first' system, providing all of the basic features required by a digital repository service. As well as functioning as a live service, DSpace is intended as a base for extending repository functionality, particularly to address long-term preservation concerns. We describe the functionality of the current DSpace system, and briefly describe its technical architecture. We conclude with some remarks about the future development and operation of the DSpace system. The DSpace institutional digital repository system: current functionality R Tansley M Bass D Stuve M Branschofsky D Chudnov G Mcclellan M Smith Digital Libraries, 2003. Proceedings. 2003 Joint Conference on (2003), pp. 87-97. 2007-09-13T01:35:43-00:00 2003 Digital Libraries, 2003. Proceedings. 2003 Joint Conference on 87 97 digital_repositories http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1650101 <i>D-Lib Magazine, Vol. 9, No. 1. (January 2003)</i><br /><br />Abstract For the past two years the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Libraries and Hewlett-Packard Labs have been collaborating on the development of an open source system called DSpace™ that functions as a repository for the digital research and educational material produced by members of a research university or organization. Running such an institutionally-based, multidisciplinary repository is increasingly seen as a natural role for the libraries and archives of research and teaching organizations. As their constituents produce increasing amounts of original material in digital formats—much of which is never published by traditional means—the repository becomes vital to protect the significant assets of the institution and its faculty. The first part of this article describes the DSpace system including its functionality and design, and its approach to various problems in digital library and archives design. The second part discusses the implementation of DSpace at MIT, plans for federating the system, and issues of sustainability. Metadata DSpace uses a qualified Dublin Core metadata standard for describing items intellectually (specifically, the Libraries Working Group Application Profile). Only three fields are required: title, language, and submission date, all other fields are optional. There are additional fields for document abstracts, keywords, technical metadata and rights metadata, among others. This metadata is displayed in the item record in DSpace, and is indexed for browsing and searching the system (within a collection, across collections, or across Communities). For the Dissemination Information Packages (DIPs) of the OAIS framework, the system currently exports metadata and digital material in a custom XML schema while we work with the METS [3] community to develop the necessary extension schemas for the technical and rights metadata about arbitrary digital formats. DSpace: An Open Source Dynamic Digital Repository Mackenzie Smith Mary Barton Mick Bass Margret Branschofsky Greg Mcclellan Dave Stuve Robert Tansley Julie Walker D-Lib Magazine, Vol. 9, No. 1. (January 2003) 2007-09-13T01:29:27-00:00 2003 D-Lib Magazine 9 1 digital_repositories metadata http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1326017 <i>International Journal of Metadata, Semantics and Ontologies, Vol. 1, No. 1. (2006), pp. 3-20.</i><br /><br />This paper reports on the automatic metadata generation applications (AMeGA) project's metadata expert survey. Automatic metadata generation research is reviewed and the study's methods, key findings and conclusions are presented. Participants anticipate greater accuracy with automatic techniques for technical metadata (e.g., ID, language, and format metadata) compared to metadata requiring intellectual discretion (e.g., subject and description metadata). Support for implementing automatic techniques paralleled anticipated accuracy results. Metadata experts are in favour of using automatic techniques, although they are generally not in favour of eliminating human evaluation or production for the more intellectually demanding metadata. Results are incorporated into Version 1.0 of the Recommended Functionalities for automatic metadata generation applicatio Functionalities for automatic metadata generation applications: a survey of metadata experts' opinions J Greenberg K Spurgin A Crystal International Journal of Metadata, Semantics and Ontologies, Vol. 1, No. 1. (2006), pp. 3-20. 2007-05-24T21:55:57-00:00 2006 International Journal of Metadata, Semantics and Ontologies 1 1 3 20 metadata http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/185522 <i>(7 March 2005)</i><br /><br />This paper introduces the write-once/read-many XMLtape/ARC storage approach for Digital Objects and their constituent datastreams. The approach combines two interconnected file-based storage mechanisms that are made accessible in a protocol-based manner. First, XML-based representations of multiple Digital Objects are concatenated into a single, valid XML file named an XMLtape. The creation of indexes for both the identifier and the creation datetime of the XML-based representation of the Digital Objects, facilitates OAI-PMH-based access. Second, ARC files, as introduced by the Internet Archive, are used to contain the constituent datastreams of the Digital Objects in a concatenated manner. An index for the identifier of the datastream facilitates OpenURL-based access. The interconnection between XMLtapes and ARC files is provided by conveying the identifiers of ARC files associated with an XMLtape as administrative information in the XMLtape, and by including OpenURL references to constituent datastreams of a Digital Object in the XML-based representation of that Digital Object. File-based storage of Digital Objects and constituent datastreams: XMLtapes and Internet Archive ARC files Xiaoming Liu Lyudmila Balakireva Herbert Van de Sompel (7 March 2005) 2005-05-06T22:46:42-00:00 2005 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1602707 <i>OCLC Systems & Services, Vol. 23, No. 3. (2007), pp. 254-261.</i> Digital repository implementation: a toolbox for streamlined success Bennett J Michael doi:10.1108/10650750710776387 OCLC Systems & Services, Vol. 23, No. 3. (2007), pp. 254-261. 2007-08-29T02:52:02-00:00 2007 OCLC Systems & Services 1065-075X 23 3 254 261 Emerald Group Publishing Limited digital_repositories http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1646554 <i>Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, Vol. 40, No. 3/4. (9 September 2005)</i><br /><br />Metadata are used to organize and control a wide range of different types of information object collections, most of which are accessed via the World Wide Web. This chapter presents a brief introduction to the purpose of metadata and how it has developed, and an overview of the steps to be taken and the functional expertise required in planning for and implementing the creation, storage, and use of metadata for resource discovery in a local repository of information objects. Planning and Implementing a Metadata-Driven Digital Repository Michael Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, Vol. 40, No. 3/4. (9 September 2005) 2007-09-12T04:24:39-00:00 2005 Cataloging & Classification Quarterly 40 3/4 digital_repositories metadata http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1646534 <i>OCLC Systems & Services, Vol. 23, No. 3. (2007), pp. 254-261.</i><br /><br />The purpose of this paper is to describe the tools and strategies that were employed by C/W MARS to successfully develop and implement the Digital Treasures digital repository. Design/methodology/approach – This paper outlines the planning and subsequent technical issues that arise when implementing a digitization project on the scale of the large, multi-type, automated library network. Workflow solutions addressed include synchronous online metadata record submissions from multiple library sources and the delivery of collection-level use statistics to participating library administrators. The importance of standards-based descriptive metadata and the role of project collaboration are also discussed. Findings – From the time of its initial planning, the Digital Treasures repository was fully implemented in six months. The discernable and statistically quantified online discovery and access of actual digital objects greatly assisted libraries unsure of their own staffing costs/benefits to join the repository. Originality/value – This case study may serve as a possible example of initial planning, workflow and final implementation strategies for new repositories in both the general and library consortium environment. Keywords: Data handling, Digital storage, Library networks Article Type: Case study Digital repository implementation: a toolbox for streamlined success Michael Bennett OCLC Systems & Services, Vol. 23, No. 3. (2007), pp. 254-261. 2007-09-12T04:03:47-00:00 2007 OCLC Systems & Services 23 3 254 261 digital_repositories http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1646529 <i>Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries (2004), pp. 38-44.</i><br /><br />The DSpace TM digital repository system was released as open source software in November of 2002. In the year since then it has been adopted by a large number of research universities and other organizations world-wide that need a digital repository solution for a number of content types: research articles, gray literature, e-theses, cultural materials, scientific datasets, institutional records, educational materials, and more. The DSpace platform and its various applications are becoming better understood with experience and time. As one result of a recent meeting of the DSpace user community, we are now venturing into the territory of broad, community-based open source development and management, and gaining insights from the experience of the Apache Foundation, Global Grid Forum, and other successful open source projects about how to build open source software for the digital library domain. DSpace: A Year in the Life of an Open Source Digital Repository System Mackenzie Smith Richard Rodgers Julie Walker Robert Tansley Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries (2004), pp. 38-44. 2007-09-12T03:58:10-00:00 2004 Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries 38 44 digital_repositories http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1433641 <i>(2007), pp. 398-399.</i> Standards alignment for metadata assignment Anne Diekema Ozgur Yilmazel Jennifer Bailey Sarah Harwell Elizabeth Liddy doi:10.1145/1255175.1255253 (2007), pp. 398-399. 2007-07-04T17:30:52-00:00 2007 398 399 ACM Press metadata http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1645552 <i>ALT-J, Vol. 12, No. 1. (2004), pp. 5-20.</i><br /><br />Metadata enables users to find the resources they require, therefore it is an important component of any digital learning object repository. Much work has already been done within the learning technology community to assure metadata quality, focused on the development of metadata standards, specifications and vocabularies and their implementation within repositories. The metadata creation process has thus far been largely overlooked. There has been an assumption that metadata creation will be straightforward and that where machines cannot generate metadata effectively, authors of learning materials will be the most appropriate metadata creators. However, repositories are reporting difficulties in obtaining good quality metadata from their contributors, and it is becoming apparent that the issue of metadata creation warrants attention. This paper surveys the growing body of evidence, including three UK-based case studies, scopes the issues surrounding human-generated metadata creation and identifies questions for further investigation. Collaborative creation of metadata by resource authors and metadata specialists, and the design of tools and processes, are emerging as key areas for deeper research. Research is also needed into how end users will search learning object repositories. Quality assurance for digital learning object repositories: issues for the metadata creation process Sarah Currier Jane Barton Rónán O’beirne Ben Ryan doi:10.1080/0968776042000211494 ALT-J, Vol. 12, No. 1. (2004), pp. 5-20. 2007-09-11T20:53:38-00:00 2004 ALT-J 12 1 5 20 Routledge digital_repositories metadata http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/834985 <i>Online Information Review, Vol. 30, No. 4. (2006), pp. 395-412.</i><br /><br />Purpose ? The purpose of this study is to determine user suggestions for digital libraries' functionality and features. Design/methodology/approach ? A survey was conducted as part of this study, in which users' suggestions for digital libraries were solicited, as well as their ranking opinions on a range of suggested digital library features. Findings ? The study revealed that, regardless of users' information technology (IT) backgrounds, their expectations of digital libraries' functionality are the same. However, based on users' previous experiences with digital libraries, their requirements with respect to specific features may change. Practical implications ? Involving users in digital library design should be an integral step in the process of building a digital library ? in addition to the classic roles of evaluation and testing. Originality/value ? In previous digital library user studies, users were involved implicitly (e.g. observed) or explicitly (e.g. diary notes). However, they were never asked to suggest digital library features or functionalities, as this was left to usability and domain experts. This study approached digital library design from a new perspective, giving users an opportunity to express their suggestions on future functionality and features of digital libraries. Moreover, in contrast to previous work, this study has explicitly taken into account the IT abilities of those interacting with a digital library. Digital libraries: what do users want? Kani-Zabihi Elahe Ghinea Gheorghita Chen Y Sherry doi:10.1108/14684520610686292 Online Information Review, Vol. 30, No. 4. (2006), pp. 395-412. 2006-09-08T06:39:16-00:00 2006 Online Information Review 1468-4527 30 4 395 412 Emerald Group Publishing Limited digital_libraries user_interfaces user_studies http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/433360 <i>OCLC Systems & Services, Vol. 21, No. 4. (January 2005), pp. 285-299.</i><br /><br />Purpose â–“ To demonstrate the value in conducting a usability study and following an iterative design process to create a more user-centered and sustainable digital library. Design/methodology/approach â–“ After identifying three key user groups, a series of usability tests and focus groups were conducted to assess how users interact with the site's interface. An iterative design process followed involving the development and testing of prototypes by representative users and stakeholders. Findings â–“ Users' interaction with a digital library is task-oriented and context dependent. Serving the needs of multiple audiences is an iterative process and requires an ongoing dialog with users. Research limitations/implications â–“ Like most usability studies, the results are not generalizable. Practical implications â–“ It offers an example of how an informal usability study and iterative design process can be conducted to create a more user-centered digital library. Originality/value â–“ This paper provides new insights into the information needs and behaviors of users of cultural heritage digital libraries and builds on the literature on usability and iterative design. Sustainable design for multiple audiences: The usability study and iterative redesign of the Documenting the American South digital library Lisa Norberg Kim Vassiliadis Jean Ferguson Natasha Smith OCLC Systems & Services, Vol. 21, No. 4. (January 2005), pp. 285-299. 2005-12-11T22:43:22-00:00 2005 OCLC Systems & Services 1065-075X 21 4 285 299 Emerald Group Publishing Limited case_study digital_libraries usability http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1351475 <i>(2001), pp. 416-425.</i><br /><br />The need for information systems to support the dissemination and reus e of educational resources has sparked a number of large-scale digital library efforts. This article describes usability findings from one such project - the Digital Library for Earth System Education (DLESE) - focusing on its role in the process of educational resource reuse. Drawing upon a reuse model developed in the domain of software engineering, the reuse cycle is broken down into five stages: formulation of a reuse intention, location, comprehension, modification, and sharing. Using this model to analyze user studies in the DLESE project, several implications for library system design and library outreach activities are highlighted. One finding is that resource reuse occurs at different stages in the educational design process, and each stage imposes different and possibly conflicting requirements on digital library design. Another finding is that reuse is a distributed process across several artifacts, both within and outside of the library itself. In order for reuse to be successful, a usability line cannot be drawn at the library boundary, but instead must encompass both the library system and the educational resources themselves. Looking at digital library usability from a reuse perspective Tamara Sumner Melissa Dawe doi:10.1145/379437.379742 (2001), pp. 416-425. 2007-05-31T13:44:45-00:00 2001 416 425 ACM Press digital_libraries usability http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1351532 <i>Digital Libraries, 2004. Proceedings of the 2004 Joint ACM/IEEE Conference on (2004), pp. 37-46.</i><br /><br />The Alexandria digital earth prototype (ADEPT) Project (1999-2004) builds upon the Alexandria digital library project (1994-1999) to add functions and services for undergraduate teaching to a digital library of geospatial resources. The "digital learning environment" (DLE) services are being developed and evaluated iteratively over the course of this research project. In the 2002-2003 academic year, the DLE was implemented during the fall and spring terms in undergraduate geography courses at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB). Evaluation of the fall term implementation identified design issues of time and complexity for creating and organizing course domain knowledge. The spring term implementation added new services to integrate course content into class presentation formats. The implementation was evaluated via interviews with the course instructor, development staff, and students, and by observations (in person and videotaped) of the course. Results indicated that usability and functionality for the instructor had increased between the two course offerings. Students found classroom presentations to be useful for understanding concepts, and Web access to the presentations useful for study and review. Assessments of student learning suggest modest improvements over time. Developers are now applying lessons learned during these implementations to improve the system for subsequent implementation in the 2003-2004 academic year. Developing a digital learning environment: an evaluation of design and implementation processes L Champeny CL Borgman GH Leazer AJ Gilliland-Swetland KA Millwood L D'Avolio JR Finley LJ Smart PD Mautone RE Mayer RA Johnson Digital Libraries, 2004. Proceedings of the 2004 Joint ACM/IEEE Conference on (2004), pp. 37-46. 2007-05-31T14:15:13-00:00 2004 Digital Libraries, 2004. Proceedings of the 2004 Joint ACM/IEEE Conference on 37 46 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1352388 <i>Document Analysis Systems VII (2006), pp. 425-436.</i><br /><br />This paper describes the challenges for document image analysis community for building large digital libraries with diverse document categories. The challenges are identified from the experience of the on-going activities toward digitizing and archiving one million books. Smooth workflow has been established for archiving large quantity of books, with the help of efficient image processing algorithms. However, much more research is needed to address the challenges arising out of the diversity of the content in digital libraries. Digitizing a Million Books: Challenges for Document Analysis K Sankar Vamshi Ambati Lakshmi Pratha CV Jawahar doi:10.1007/11669487_38 Document Analysis Systems VII (2006), pp. 425-436. 2007-05-31T18:52:34-00:00 2006 Document Analysis Systems VII 425 436 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1356240 <i>(2004), pp. 347-350.</i><br /><br />For many years metadata has been recognised as a significant component of the digital information environment. Substantial work has gone into creating complex metadata schemes for describing digital content. Yet increasingly Web search engines, and Google in particular, are the primary means of discovering and selecting digital resources, although they make little use of metadata. This article considers how digital libraries can gain more value from their metadata by adapting it for Google users, while still following well-established principles and standards for cataloguing and digital preservation. Creating metadata that work for digital libraries and Google Alan Dawson (2004), pp. 347-350. 2007-06-01T19:47:46-00:00 2004 347 350 metadata http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1368851 <i>(2006), pp. 103-104.</i><br /><br />This paper describes the processing of digitised works at the National Library of Portugal, as done in the scope of the National Digital Library initiate (BND). This comprises the normalization of the names of the images, the creation of technical metadata, image processing, OCR, indexing, and the creation of derived copies for preservation and copies for access in PNG, JPG, GIF, and PDF. The structural descriptions of all the objects are done in METS. The processing of digitized works Jos&\#233; Borbinha Jo&\#227;o Gil Gilberto Pedrosa Jo&\#227;o Penas doi:10.1145/1141753.1141772 (2006), pp. 103-104. 2007-06-06T18:43:30-00:00 2006 103 104 ACM Press digitization metadata http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1370964 <i>Web Information Systems – WISE 2006 Workshops (2006), pp. 239-250.</i><br /><br />This paper discusses the use of intelligent information access (IIA) technologies in the development and services of digital libraries. After an introduction of the definition, subfields, and the characteristics of IIA, this paper reviews IIA-related research that has been recently published at leading digital library conferences. The authors suggest that applying IIA technologies to digital libraries may have the potential to greatly speed up the development of digital libraries and to improve the quality of user services. Digital library developers should consider collaborating with IIA researchers in order to build sustainable digital libraries. The paper concludes with a framework for integrating IIA technologies into digital library development and services. Keywords: Intelligent Information Access, Digital Libraries. The Use of Intelligent Information Access Technologies in Digital Libraries Jiangping Chen Yuhua Li Gang Li doi:10.1007/11906070_24 Web Information Systems – WISE 2006 Workshops (2006), pp. 239-250. 2007-06-07T16:58:55-00:00 2006 Web Information Systems – WISE 2006 Workshops 239 250 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1371620 <i>Digital Libraries: International Collaboration and Cross-Fertilization (2004), pp. 95-103.</i><br /><br />Information retrieval is an important component of digital libraries, and there is a high degree of synergy between the two research communities. Much of the current research in information retrieval is potentially relevant to digital libraries, and digital libraries present a challenging environment in which to incorporate new information retrieval methods. Information Retrieval Challenges for Digital Libraries Edie Rasmussen Digital Libraries: International Collaboration and Cross-Fertilization (2004), pp. 95-103. 2007-06-08T01:21:14-00:00 2004 Digital Libraries: International Collaboration and Cross-Fertilization 95 103 information_retrieval http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1372865 <i>Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Vol. 29, No. 2. (2003), pp. 16-19.</i><br /><br />Metadata generation is the act of creating or producing metadata. Generating good quality metadata in an efficient manner is essential for organizing and making accessible the growing number of rich resources available on the Web. The success of digital libraries, the sustenance of interoperability – as promoted by the Open Archives Initiative – and the evolution of Semantic Web all rely on efficient metadata generation. This article sketches a metadata generation framework that involves processes, people and tools. It also presents selected research initiatives and highlights the goals of the Metadata Generation Research Project Metadata Generation: Processes, People and Tools J Greenberg Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, Vol. 29, No. 2. (2003), pp. 16-19. 2007-06-08T13:46:17-00:00 2003 Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 29 2 16 19 metadata http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1373236 <i>International Journal on Digital Libraries, Vol. 6, No. 2. (April 2006), pp. 148-158.</i><br /><br />Abstract  METS is an XML document format intended for the encoding of complex objects within digital libraries. It provides the means to record all of the descriptive, administrative, structural and behavioral metadata needed to manage and provide access to complex digital content. While it was designed to promote interoperability of digital content between digital library systems and contribute to the preservation of digital library materials, a variety of practical barriers to achieving these goals remain. However, many of these obstacles are shared by other communities of practice, such as the eLearning community working on the IMS content packaging standards and the MPEG-21 community, and the digital library community faces a unique opportunity at the moment to work closely with others to try to improve the interoperability of our content not only with our own repository systems, but those being used by others. METS: standardized encoding for digital library objects Jerome Mcdonough doi:10.1007/s00799-005-0132-1 International Journal on Digital Libraries, Vol. 6, No. 2. (April 2006), pp. 148-158. 2007-06-08T18:13:12-00:00 2006 International Journal on Digital Libraries 6 2 148 158 no-tag http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1373332 <i>Digital Libraries, 2003. Proceedings. 2003 Joint Conference on (2003), pp. 303-305.</i><br /><br />The lack of a standard formalism for expressing the semantics of an XML vocabulary is a major obstacle to the development of high-function interoperable digital libraries. XML document type definitions (DTDs) provide a mechanism for specifying the syntax of an XML vocabulary, but there is no comparable mechanism for specifying the semantics of that vocabulary - where semantics simply means the basic facts and relationships represented by the occurrence of XML constructs. A substantial loss of functionality and interoperability in digital libraries results from not having a common machine-readable formalism for expressing these relationships for the XML vocabularies currently being used to encode content. Recently a number of projects and standards have begun taking up related topics. We describe the problem and our own project. XML semantics and digital libraries A Renear D Dubin CM Sperberg-Mcqueen C Huitfeldt Digital Libraries, 2003. Proceedings. 2003 Joint Conference on (2003), pp. 303-305. 2007-06-08T19:27:03-00:00 2003 Digital Libraries, 2003. Proceedings. 2003 Joint Conference on 303 305 digital_libraries http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1373382 <i>(6 November 2003)</i><br /><br />SIMILE, a joint project between HP, MIT Libraries and the W3C, is investigating applying Semantic Web tools, such as RDF (Resource Definition Framework) and associated schema languages, to the problem of dealing with heterogeneous metadata. Currently creating schemas involves writing them by hand using a text editor. As one of the aims of SIMILE is to simplify the deployment of heterogeneous data, it is desirable to investigate the applicability of schema authoring tools that reduce the need for expert knowledge and the risk of schema errors. This report reviews existing applications that support the creation of metadata schemas and graphical user interfaces for entering instance data based on those definitions. It also compares and contrasts these applications with existing applications used for the creation of thesauri, which have many similarities with schemas and ontologies. Review of existing tools for working with schemas, metadata, and thesauri John Gilbert Mark Butler (6 November 2003) 2007-06-08T19:59:53-00:00 2003 digital_libraries metadata http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/523004 <i>(2005), pp. 423-423.</i><br /><br />This tutorial will cover a set of Standards and defacto Standards that can play a role in the design and development of Digital Library applications. The Standards that will be discussed are the ISO MPEG-21 Digital Item Declaration, the ISO MPEG-21 Digital Item Identification, the ISO MPEG-21 Digital Item Processing, the Open Archives Protocol for Metadata Harvesting, the Internet Archive ARC file format, the NISO OpenURL Framework for Context-Sensitive Services, and the proposed info URI scheme. The tutorial will discuss these Standards by illustrating how they have been used in the context of the aDORe Digital Object repository. aDORe [8] has been designed and implemented for ingesting, storing, and accessing a vast collection of Digital Objects at the Research Library of the Los Alamos National Laboratory. Since aDORe is not a product, the tutorial is not a product advertisement. Rather, it is an opportunity for designers and developers to learn about Standards that can help addressing real-life challenges in DL design and development, and help increase interoperability across systems. The presenters are actively involved in all of the standardization efforts that are discussed. Using standards in digital library design & development Jeroen Bekaert Xiaoming Liu Herbert Van de Sompel doi:10.1145/1065385.1065528 (2005), pp. 423-423. 2006-02-26T17:36:08-00:00 2005 423 423 ACM Press digital_library http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1433559 <i>(2007), pp. 366-375.</i><br /><br />Creating a collection of metadata records from disparate and diverse sources often results in uneven, unreliable and variable quality subject metadata. Having uniform, consistent and enriched subject metadata allows users to more easily discover material, browse the collection, and limit keyword search results by subject. We demonstrate how statistical topic models are useful for subject metadata enrichment. We describe some of the challenges of metadata enrichment on a huge scale (10 million metadata records from 700 repositories in the OAIster Digital Library) when the metadata is highly heterogeneous (metadata about images and text, and both cultural heritage material and scientific literature). We show how to improve the quality of the enriched metadata, using both manual and statistical modeling techniques. Finally, we discuss some of the challenges of the production environment, and demonstrate the value of the enriched metadata in a prototype portal. Subject metadata enrichment using statistical topic models David Newman Kat Hagedorn Chaitanya Chemudugunta Padhraic Smyth doi:10.1145/1255175.1255248 (2007), pp. 366-375. 2007-07-04T17:21:41-00:00 2007 366 375 ACM Press digital_repositories metadata http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1601770 <i>No. CS-TR-97-1581. (1997)</i><br /><br />We outline the five main research thrusts of the Stanford Digital Library project, and we describe technical details for two specific efforts that have been realized in prototype implementations. First, we describe how we employ distributed object technology to cope with interoperability among emerging digital library services. In particular, we describe how we use CORBA objects as wrappers to handle differences in service interaction models, and we sketch an information access protocol... Towards Interoperability in Digital Libraries: Overview and Selected Highlights of the Stanford Digital Library Project Andreas Paepcke Steve Cousins Hector Molina Scott Hassan Steven Ketchpel Martin Roscheisen Terry Winograd No. CS-TR-97-1581. (1997) 2007-08-28T20:13:56-00:00 1997 CS-TR-97-1581 digital_libraries http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/1433644 <i>Digital Libraries, 2006. JCDL '06. Proceedings of the 6th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on (2006), pp. 1-10.</i><br /><br />Exploring services for digital libraries (DLs) include two major paradigms, browsing and searching, as well as other services such as clustering and visualization. In this paper, we formalize and generalize DL exploring services within a DL theory. We develop theorems to indicate that browsing and searching can be converted or mapped to each other under certain conditions. The theorems guide the design and implementation of exploring services for an integrated archaeological DL, ETANA-DL. Its integrated browsing and searching can support users in moving seamlessly between these operations, minimizing context switching, and keeping users focused. It also integrates browsing and searching into a single visual interface for DL exploration. A user study to evaluate ETANA-DL's exploring services helped validate our hypotheses Exploring digital libraries: integrating browsing, searching, and visualization Srinivas Da Weiguo Fan Rao Shen EA Fox Digital Libraries, 2006. JCDL '06. Proceedings of the 6th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on (2006), pp. 1-10. 2007-07-04T17:33:42-00:00 2006 Digital Libraries, 2006. JCDL '06. Proceedings of the 6th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on 1 10 browsing digital_library searching http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/834995 <i>OCLC Systems & Services, Vol. 22, No. 3. (2006), pp. 166-172.</i><br /><br />urpose ? The purpose of this paper is to explore methods for opening up web content to automated classification using metadata, potentially in the context of library groupware or portals. Design/methodology/approach ? Examines various web sites and meta-searching tools which provides a new means of access for users, and allow users to better document and integrate their research findings. Findings ? This paper is exploratory in nature and highlights trends in the area of library groupware, link routing, and personalized metadata usage. Practical implications ? The vast wealth of information on the web today needs to be exploited by information specialists (librarians) by assisting patrons in organizing, sharing and syndicating content from nearly any information source and empowering patrons via the use of ?folksonomies? which are grass roots taxonomies, in conjunction with traditional controlled vocabularies. Originality/value ? In highlighting the as of yet untapped power of technologies such as openURL and link routing, digital librarians can assist patrons by providing services against traditional and non traditional information sources allowing resources to be organized and shared in order to increase utility. This paper examines innovative means by which this could be accomplished Cataloging for the masses Fox Robert doi:10.1108/10650750610686225 OCLC Systems & Services, Vol. 22, No. 3. (2006), pp. 166-172. 2006-09-08T06:39:44-00:00 2006 OCLC Systems & Services 1065-075X 22 3 166 172 Emerald Group Publishing Limited digital_libraries metadata http://www.citeulike.org/user/brownstudy/article/893979 <i>D-Lib Magazine, Vol. 12, No. 7/8. (July 2006)</i><br /><br />Metadata tools are vital for DLs and digital resource repository growth. Sharable ontologies and metadata schemas supporting a wide range of functions have helped initiate tool development. Project demands and deadlines have made it difficult for tool developers, from different digital initiatives, to share their progress, or users to share their experience. Opportunity is also limited for tool users to learn about applications and to interact with developers, distributors, and other consumers of metadata tools. The workshop created a venue for sharing developments, knowledge, and evaluation methodologies specific to DL metadata tools. Metadata Tools for Digital Resource Repositories: JCDL 2006 Workshop Report Jane Greenberg Thomas Severiens D-Lib Magazine, Vol. 12, No. 7/8. (July 2006) 2006-10-12T03:38:14-00:00 2006 D-Lib Magazine 12 7/8 digital_libraries metadata