Sun, 27 Jul 2008 07:13:05 BST CiteULike: neils's Singh http://www.citeulike.org/user/neils/author/Singh CiteULike.org en-gb Copyright © 2004-2008 citeulike.org http://www.citeulike.org/user/neils/article/2974032 <i>Genome Biology, Vol. 9, No. 7. (2008)</i><br /><br />BACKGROUND:Enterococcus faecalis has emerged as a major hospital pathogen. To explore its diversity, we sequenced E. faecalis strain OG1RF that is commonly used for molecular manipulation and virulence studies. RESULTS:The 2,739,625 base pair chromosome of OG1RF was found to contain ~232 kilobases unique to this strain compared to V583, the only publically available sequenced strain. Almost no mobile genetic elements were found in OG1RF. The 64 areas of divergence were classified into three categories. First, OG1RF carries 39 unique regions, including two CRISPR loci and a new WxL locus. Second, we found 9 replacements where a sequence specific to V583 was substituted by a sequence specific to OG1RF. For example, the iol operon of OG1RF replaces a possible prophage and the vanB transposon in V583. Finally, we found 16 regions that were present in V583 but missing from OG1RF including the proposed pathogenicity island, several probable prophages, and the cpsCDEFGHIJK capsular polysaccharide operon. OG1RF was more rapidly but less frequently lethal than V583 in the mouse peritonitis model and considerably outcompeted V583 in a murine model of urinary tract infections.CONCLUSION:In conclusion, E. faecalis OG1RF carries a number of unique loci compared to V583, but the almost complete lack of mobile genetic elements demonstrates that this is not a defining feature of the species. Additionally, OG1RF's effect in experimental models suggests that mediators of virulence may be diverse between different E. faecalis strains and that virulence is not dependent of the presence of mobile genetic elements. Large scale variation in Enterococcus faecalis illustrated by the genome analysis of strain OG1RF Agathe Bourgogne Danielle Garsin Xiang Qin Kavindra Singh Jouko Sillanpaa Shailaja Yerrapragada Yan Ding Shannon Rocha Christian Buhay Hua Shen Guan Chen Gabrielle Williams Donna Muzny Arash Maadani Kristina Fox Jason Gioia Lei Chen Yue Shang Cesar Arias Sreedhar Nallapareddy Meng Zhao Vittal Prakash Shahreen Chowdhury Huaiyang Jiang Richard Gibbs Barbara Murray Sarah Highlander George Weinstock doi:10.1186/gb-2008-9-7-r110 Genome Biology, Vol. 9, No. 7. (2008) 2008-07-09T02:41:38-00:00 2008 Genome Biology 9 7 bacteria enterococcus genomics pathogen virulence http://www.citeulike.org/user/neils/article/2709869 <i>Nature, Vol. 452, No. 7190. (24 April 2008), pp. 991-996.</i> The draft genome of the transgenic tropical fruit tree papaya (Carica papaya Linnaeus) Ray Ming Shaobin Hou Yun Feng Qingyi Yu Alexandre Dionne-Laporte Jimmy Saw Pavel Senin Wei Wang Benjamin Ly Kanako Lewis Steven Salzberg Lu Feng Meghan Jones Rachel Skelton Jan Murray Cuixia Chen Wubin Qian Junguo Shen Peng Du Moriah Eustice Eric Tong Haibao Tang Eric Lyons Robert Paull Todd Michael Kerr Wall Danny Rice Henrik Albert Ming-Li Wang Yun Zhu Michael Schatz Niranjan Nagarajan Ricelle Acob Peizhu Guan Andrea Blas Ching Wai Christine Ackerman Yan Ren Chao Liu Jianmei Wang Jianping Wang Jong-Kuk Na Eugene Shakirov Brian Haas Jyothi Thimmapuram David Nelson Xiyin Wang John Bowers Andrea Gschwend Arthur Delcher Ratnesh Singh Jon Suzuki Savarni Tripathi Kabi Neupane Hairong Wei Beth Irikura Maya Paidi Ning Jiang Wenli Zhang Gernot Presting Aaron Windsor Rafael Navajas-Perez Manuel Torres Alex Feltus Brad Porter Yingjun Li Max Burroughs Ming-Cheng Luo Lei Liu David Christopher Stephen Mount Paul Moore Tak Sugimura Jiming Jiang Mary Schuler Vikki Friedman Thomas Mitchell-Olds Dorothy Shippen Claude Depamphilis Jeffrey Palmer Michael Freeling Andrew Paterson Dennis Gonsalves Lei Wang Maqsudul Alam doi:10.1038/nature06856 Nature, Vol. 452, No. 7190. (24 April 2008), pp. 991-996. 2008-04-23T19:37:29-00:00 2008 Nature 452 7190 991 996 Nature Publishing Group genome genomics papaya plant sequence