Sun, 27 Jul 2008 07:36:58 BST CiteULike: p2pstreaming's video http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/tag/video CiteULike.org en-gb Copyright © 2004-2008 citeulike.org http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/3038186 <i>Image Processing, 2004. ICIP '04. 2004 International Conference on, Vol. 3 (2004), pp. 1751-1754 Vol. 3.</i><br /><br />We present a video distortion model analyzing the performance of multi-path routing for low latency video streaming, in congestion-limited ad hoc networks. In such environments, a single node transmitting multimedia data may have an impact on the overall network conditions and may need to limit its rate to achieve the highest sustainable video quality. For this purpose, optimal routing which seeks to minimize congestion and distributes traffic over multiple paths is attractive. To predict the end-to-end rate-distortion tradeoff, we develop a model which captures the impact of quantization and of packet loss on the overall video quality. Network simulations are performed to confirm the validity of the model in different streaming scenarios over different numbers of paths. Minimizing distortion for multi-path video streaming over ad hoc networks E Setton Xiaoqiny Zhu B Girod doi:10.1109/ICIP.2004.1421412 Image Processing, 2004. ICIP '04. 2004 International Conference on, Vol. 3 (2004), pp. 1751-1754 Vol. 3. 2008-07-24T03:49:14-00:00 2004 Image Processing, 2004. ICIP '04. 2004 International Conference on 3 1751 1754 Vol. 3 ad distortion hoc streaming video http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/2985978 <i>http://vandyvideo.com/</i> VandyVideo http://vandyvideo.com/ 2008-07-10T20:02:51-00:00 http://vandyvideo.com/ p2p video web http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/2985977 <i>http://youtube.com/</i> YouTube http://youtube.com/ 2008-07-10T20:02:03-00:00 http://youtube.com/ video http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/2831646 <i>Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 17, No. 9. (2007), pp. 1103-1120.</i><br /><br />With the introduction of the H.264/AVC video coding standard, significant improvements have recently been demonstrated in video compression capability. The Joint Video Team of the ITU-T VCEG and the ISO/IEC MPEG has now also standardized a Scalable Video Coding (SVC) extension of the H.264/AVC standard. SVC enables the transmission and decoding of partial bit streams to provide video services with lower temporal or spatial resolutions or reduced fidelity while retaining a reconstruction quality that is high relative to the rate of the partial bit streams. Hence, SVC provides functionalities such as graceful degradation in lossy transmission environments as well as bit rate, format, and power adaptation. These functionalities provide enhancements to transmission and storage applications. SVC has achieved significant improvements in coding efficiency with an increased degree of supported scalability relative to the scalable profiles of prior video coding standards. This paper provides an overview of the basic concepts for extending H.264/AVC towards SVC. Moreover, the basic tools for providing temporal, spatial, and quality scalability are described in detail and experimentally analyzed regarding their efficiency and complexity. Overview of the Scalable Video Coding Extension of the H.264/AVC Standard H Schwarz D Marpe T Wiegand doi:10.1109/TCSVT.2007.905532 Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 17, No. 9. (2007), pp. 1103-1120. 2008-05-25T21:05:24-00:00 2007 Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on 17 9 1103 1120 coding h264 scalable video http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/1269699 <i>Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 13, No. 7. (2003), pp. 560-576.</i><br /><br />H.264/AVC is newest video coding standard of the ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group and the ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group. The main goals of the H.264/AVC standardization effort have been enhanced compression performance and provision of a "network-friendly" video representation addressing "conversational" (video telephony) and "nonconversational" (storage, broadcast, or streaming) applications. H.264/AVC has achieved a significant improvement in rate-distortion efficiency relative to existing standards. This article provides an overview of the technical features of H.264/AVC, describes profiles and applications for the standard, and outlines the history of the standardization process. Overview of the H.264/AVC video coding standard T Wiegand GJ Sullivan G Bjntegaard A Luthra doi:10.1109/TCSVT.2003.815165 Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 13, No. 7. (2003), pp. 560-576. 2007-05-01T05:30:12-00:00 2003 Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on 13 7 560 576 coding video http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/2824395 <i>Image Processing, 1999. ICIP 99. Proceedings. 1999 International Conference on, Vol. 3 (1999), pp. 817-821 vol.3.</i><br /><br />This paper investigates the bit-rate conversion and bit re-allocation for video combining in a Multipoint Control Unit (MCU). To combine the pre-encoded multiple video sequences into a single sequence, the total bit-rate may overwhelm the outgoing channel bandwidth. Instead of multiplexing, we apply the transcoding approach to control the bit-rate and reallocate the bits in order to improve the pictures quality. To speed up the operation, a video transcoder usually reuses the decoded motion vectors to reencode the video sequences. Those decoded motion vectors also serve as a good indication of the picture activities. In this paper we uniformly distribute the bit-rate to the combined sequence and then use the motion information and the Lagrange optimization method to reallocate the bits to each sub-picture. The simulation results show that the PSNR distribution of the sub-sequence is more uniform and the video qualities of the active subsequences are much improved Dynamic bit rate conversion in multipoint video transcoding Tzong-Der Wu Jenq-Neng Hwang doi:10.1109/ICIP.1999.817237 Image Processing, 1999. ICIP 99. Proceedings. 1999 International Conference on, Vol. 3 (1999), pp. 817-821 vol.3. 2008-05-23T03:53:27-00:00 1999 Image Processing, 1999. ICIP 99. Proceedings. 1999 International Conference on 3 817 821 vol.3 transcoding video http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/2822435 <i>IEEE/ACM Trans. Netw., Vol. 4, No. 3. (June 1996), pp. 340-351.</i> Videoconferencing on the Internet Thierry Turletti Christian Huitema doi:10.1109/90.502233 IEEE/ACM Trans. Netw., Vol. 4, No. 3. (June 1996), pp. 340-351. 2008-05-22T06:46:42-00:00 1996 IEEE/ACM Trans. Netw. 1063-6692 4 3 340 351 IEEE Press conferencing video http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/2822419 <i>Circuits and Systems, 2000. Proceedings. ISCAS 2000 Geneva. The 2000 IEEE International Symposium on, Vol. 2 (2000), pp. 17-20 vol.2.</i><br /><br />This paper presents a dynamic rate control method for video transcoding to enhance the visual quality of the participants and regions of interest in multipoint video conferencing. This method firstly identifies the active conferees from the multiple incoming video streams by calculating the temporal and the spatial activities of the conferee sub-windows. The sub-windows of inactive participants are dropped and the saved bits are reallocated to the active sub-windows by using a rate-distortion optimized bit allocation approach. The simulation results show that the visual quality of the active sub-windows is significantly improved with the cost of degrading the temporal resolution of the inactive sub-windows which is relatively invisible to human perception. In addition, we also propose a dynamic distortion weighting adjustment based on H.263 TMN-8 framework to improve the quality of the regions of interest such as the face regions, since the face regions are usually the main focuses in video conferencing. The quality of face regions can be effectively enhanced at most frames in our simulation results. The computational complexity of the proposed algorithm is pretty low thus making it well suited for real-time applications Dynamic rate control in multipoint video transcoding Chia-Wen Lin Te-Jen-Liou Yung-Chang Chen doi:10.1109/ISCAS.2000.856247 Circuits and Systems, 2000. Proceedings. ISCAS 2000 Geneva. The 2000 IEEE International Symposium on, Vol. 2 (2000), pp. 17-20 vol.2. 2008-05-22T06:25:21-00:00 2000 Circuits and Systems, 2000. Proceedings. ISCAS 2000 Geneva. The 2000 IEEE International Symposium on 2 17 20 vol.2 rate transcoding video http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/2822354 <i>Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 10, No. 1. (2000), pp. 63-67.</i><br /><br />We propose an analytically tractable approach to model compressed video traffic called C-DAR(1). The C-DAR(1) model combines an approach utilizing a discrete-time Markov chain with a continuous-time Markov chain. We show that this approach accurately models the distribution and exponential autocorrelation characteristics of video conferencing traffic. Also, we show that by comparing our analytical results against a simulation using actual video conferencing data, our model provides realistic results. In addition to presenting this new approach, we address the effects of long-range dependencies (LRD) in the video traffic. Based on our analytical and simulation results, we are able to conclude that the LRD have minimal impact on videoconference traffic modeling An analytically tractable model for video conference traffic Shugong Xu Zailu Huang Yan Yao doi:10.1109/76.825860 Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 10, No. 1. (2000), pp. 63-67. 2008-05-22T06:02:15-00:00 2000 Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on 10 1 63 67 analysis conferencing video http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/2822178 <i>Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 13, No. 10. (2003), pp. 982-992.</i><br /><br />This paper presents a region of interest transcoding scheme for multipoint video conferencing to enhance visual quality. In a multipoint video conference, usually there are only one or two active conferees at one time, which are the regions of interest to the other conferees involved. We propose a dynamic sub-window skipping scheme to firstly identify the active participants from the multiple incoming encoded video streams by calculating the motion activity of each sub-window and then dynamically reduce the frame rates of the motion inactive participants by skipping these less-important sub-windows. The bits saved from the skipping operation are reallocated to the active sub-windows to enhance the regions of interest. We also propose a low-complexity scheme to compose, as well as trace, the unavailable motion vectors with a good accuracy in the dropped inactive sub-windows after performing sub-window skipping. Simulation results show that the proposed methods not only significantly improve the visual quality of the active sub-windows without introducing serious visual quality degradation in the inactive ones, but also reduce the computational complexity and avoid whole-frame skipping. Moreover, the proposed algorithm is fully compatible with the H.263 video coding standard. Dynamic region of interest transcoding for multipoint video conferencing Chia-Wen Lin Yung-Chang Chen Ming-Ting Sun doi:10.1109/TCSVT.2003.816505 Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 13, No. 10. (2003), pp. 982-992. 2008-05-22T04:55:40-00:00 2003 Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on 13 10 982 992 conferencing transcoding video http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/2822071 <i>Image Processing. 2002. Proceedings. 2002 International Conference on, Vol. 2 (2002), pp. II-501-II-504 vol.2.</i><br /><br />A unified approach to the coder control of video coding standards such as MPEG-2, H.263, MPEG-4, and the draft video coding standard JVT/H.26L/AVC is presented. Using this unified framework, the performance of the various standards is compared by means of PSNR and subjective testing results. The results indicate that JVT/H.26L/AVC compliant encoding can typically achieve essentially the same objective PSNR reproduction quality as encoders that are compliant with previous standards while requiring as little as 60% or less of the bit rate of the next best standard, particularly for higher-latency applications and particularly for more difficult source material. Subjective testing shows that the bit savings produced by this draft standard are even larger than the PSNR results indicate. Performance comparison of video coding standards using Lagrangian coder control A Joch F Kossentini H Schwarz T Wiegand GJ Sullivan doi:10.1109/ICIP.2002.1039997 Image Processing. 2002. Proceedings. 2002 International Conference on, Vol. 2 (2002), pp. II-501-II-504 vol.2. 2008-05-22T04:30:29-00:00 2002 Image Processing. 2002. Proceedings. 2002 International Conference on 2 II-501 II-504 vol.2 coding video http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/2821395 <i>(1992)</i> Why Do Users Like Video? Studies of Multimedia-Supported Collaboration John Tang (1992) 2008-05-21T21:29:02-00:00 1992 Sun Microsystems, Inc. multimedia video http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/2821378 <i>IEEE MultiMedia, Vol. 10, No. 1. (January 2003), pp. 22-33.</i> Adaptive Video Multicast over the Internet Jiangchuan Liu Bo Li Ya-Qin Zhang IEEE MultiMedia, Vol. 10, No. 1. (January 2003), pp. 22-33. 2008-05-21T21:19:25-00:00 2003 IEEE MultiMedia 10 1 22 33 IEEE Computer Society Press multicast transcoding video http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/2821177 <i>ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Commun. Appl., Vol. 1, No. 1. (February 2005), pp. 110-125.</i> The berkeley software MPEG-1 video decoder Ketan Mayer-Patel Brian Smith Lawrence Rowe doi:10.1145/1047936.1047944 ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Commun. Appl., Vol. 1, No. 1. (February 2005), pp. 110-125. 2008-05-21T19:51:10-00:00 2005 ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Commun. Appl. 1551-6857 1 1 110 125 ACM decoding video http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/2795217 <i>Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 15, No. 8. (2005), pp. 994-1006.</i><br /><br />Based on the observation that a Cauchy density is more accurate in estimating the distribution of the ac coefficients than the traditional Laplacian density, rate and distortion models with improved accuracy are developed. The entropy and distortion models for quantized discrete cosine transform coefficients are justified in a frame bit-allocation application for H.264. Extensive analysis with carefully selected anchor video sequences demonstrates a 0.24-dB average peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) improvement over the JM 8.4 rate control algorithm, and a 0.33-dB average PSNR improvement over the TM5-based bit-allocation algorithm that has recently been proposed for H.264 by Li et al. The analysis also demonstrates 20% and 60% reductions in PSNR variation among the encoded pictures when compared to the JM 8.4 rate control algorithm and the TM5-based bit-allocation algorithm, respectively. Frame bit allocation for the H.264/AVC video coder via Cauchy-density-based rate and distortion models N Kamaci Y Altunbasak RM Mersereau doi:10.1109/TCSVT.2005.852400 Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 15, No. 8. (2005), pp. 994-1006. 2008-05-13T14:48:17-00:00 2005 Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on 15 8 994 1006 cauchy coder density distortion h264 model rate video http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/2776726 <i>(2008)</i> Video Multicast over Wireless Mesh Networks with Scalable Video Coding (SVC) X Zhu T Schierl T Wiegand B Girod (2008) 2008-05-09T21:59:02-00:00 2008 distortion mesh multicast scalable video http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/2774334 <i>Multimedia, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 8, No. 2. (2006), pp. 207-218.</i><br /><br />We consider the problem of distributed packet selection and scheduling for multiple video streams sharing a communication channel. An optimization framework is proposed, which enables the multiple senders to coordinate their packet transmission schedules, such that the average quality over all video clients is maximized. The framework relies on rate-distortion information that is used to characterize a video packet. This information consists of two quantities: the size of the packet in bits, and its importance for the reconstruction quality of the corresponding stream. A distributed streaming strategy then allows for trading off rate and distortion, not only within a single video stream, but also across different streams. Each of the senders allocates to its own video packets a share of the available bandwidth on the channel in proportion to their importance. We evaluate the performance of the distributed packet scheduling algorithm for two canonical problems in streaming media, namely adaptation to available bandwidth and adaptation to packet loss through prioritized packet retransmissions. Simulation results demonstrate that, for the difficult case of scheduling nonscalably encoded video streams, our framework is very efficient in terms of video quality, both over all streams jointly and also over the individual videos. Compared to a conventional streaming system that does not consider the relative importance of the video packets, the gains in performance range up to 6 dB for the scenario of bandwidth adaptation, and even up to 10 dB for the scenario of random packet loss adaptation. Rate-distortion optimized distributed packet scheduling of multiple video streams over shared communication resources J Chakareski P Frossard doi:10.1109/TMM.2005.864284 Multimedia, IEEE Transactions on, Vol. 8, No. 2. (2006), pp. 207-218. 2008-05-09T05:06:07-00:00 2006 Multimedia, IEEE Transactions on 8 2 207 218 distortion scheduling video http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/643622 <i>(2003), pp. 327-330.</i> Studying streaming video quality: from an application point of view Zhiheng Wang Sujata Banerjee Sugih Jamin doi:10.1145/957013.957083 (2003), pp. 327-330. 2006-05-18T04:00:40-00:00 2003 327 330 ACM Press perceived quality video http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/669081 <i>(1998), pp. 55-60.</i> Measuring perceived quality of speech and video in multimedia conferencing applications Anne Watson Angela Sasse doi:10.1145/290747.290755 (1998), pp. 55-60. 2006-05-24T21:30:00-00:00 1998 55 60 ACM Press conferencing multimedia perceived quality video http://www.citeulike.org/user/p2pstreaming/article/334442 <i>Commun. ACM, Vol. 34, No. 4. (April 1991), pp. 46-58.</i> MPEG: a video compression standard for multimedia applications Didier Le Gall doi:10.1145/103085.103090 Commun. ACM, Vol. 34, No. 4. (April 1991), pp. 46-58. 2005-09-28T21:47:18-00:00 1991 Commun. ACM 0001-0782 34 4 46 58 ACM Press mpeg multimedia video