Treatment with Protein Synthesis Inhibitors Improves Outcomes of Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia after Influenza

@article{citeulike:3837764, abstract = {doi: 10.1086/596051 PMID: 19113989 Pneumonia occurring as a secondary infection after influenza is a major cause of excess morbidity and mortality, despite the availability and use of antibiotics active against Streptococcus pneumoniae. We hypothesized that the use of a bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor would improve outcomes by reducing the inflammatory response. BALB/cJ mice infected with influenza virus and superinfected with S. pneumoniae were treated with either the cell-wall-active antibiotic ampicillin or the protein synthesis inhibitor clindamycin or azithromycin. In the model, ampicillin therapy performed significantly worse (survival rate, 56\%) than (1) clindamycin therapy used either alone (82\%) or in combination with ampicillin (80\%) and (2) azithromycin (92\%). Improved survival appeared to be mediated by decreased inflammation manifested as lower levels of inflammatory cells and proinflammatory cytokines in the lungs and by observation of less-severe histopathologic findings. These data suggest that beta-lactam therapy may not be optimal as a first-line treatment for community-acquired pneumonia when it follows influenza.}, author = {Karlstrom, Asa and Boyd, Kelli L. and English, Keith B. and Mccullers, Jonathan A.}, citeulike-article-id = {3837764}, doi = {10.1086/596051}, journal = {The Journal of Infectious Diseases}, keywords = {influenza, pneumonia, protein\_synthesis\_inhibitor}, number = {0}, pages = {000}, posted-at = {2009-01-06 06:13:19}, priority = {2}, title = {Treatment with Protein Synthesis Inhibitors Improves Outcomes of Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia after Influenza}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/596051}, volume = {0}, year = {0000} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:3837764 L3 - citeulike-article-id:3837764 N2 - doi: 10.1086/596051 PMID: 19113989 Pneumonia occurring as a secondary infection after influenza is a major cause of excess morbidity and mortality, despite the availability and use of antibiotics active against Streptococcus pneumoniae. We hypothesized that the use of a bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor would improve outcomes by reducing the inflammatory response. BALB/cJ mice infected with influenza virus and superinfected with S. pneumoniae were treated with either the cell-wall-active antibiotic ampicillin or the protein synthesis inhibitor clindamycin or azithromycin. In the model, ampicillin therapy performed significantly worse (survival rate, 56%) than (1) clindamycin therapy used either alone (82%) or in combination with ampicillin (80%) and (2) azithromycin (92%). Improved survival appeared to be mediated by decreased inflammation manifested as lower levels of inflammatory cells and proinflammatory cytokines in the lungs and by observation of less-severe histopathologic findings. These data suggest that beta-lactam therapy may not be optimal as a first-line treatment for community-acquired pneumonia when it follows influenza. IS - 0 JF - The Journal of Infectious Diseases EP - 000 TI - Treatment with Protein Synthesis Inhibitors Improves Outcomes of Secondary Bacterial Pneumonia after Influenza VL - 0 SP - 000 KW - influenza KW - pneumonia KW - protein_synthesis_inhibitor AU - Karlstrom, Asa AU - Boyd, Kelli AU - English, Keith AU - Mccullers, Jonathan PY - 2000/// UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/596051 ER -