Spontaneous symmetry breaking at finite temperature is studied. We show that for the class of theories discussed; symmetry is restored above a critical temperature β c -1 . We determine β c by a functional-diagrammatic evaluation of the effective potential and the effective mass. A formula for β c is obtained in terms of the renormalized parameters of the theory. By examining a large subset of graphs; we show that the formula is accurate for weak coupling. An approximate gap equation is derived whose solutions describe the theory near the critical point. For gauge theories; special attention is given to ensure gauge invariance of physical quantities. When symmetry is violated dynamically; it is argued that no critical point exists.