Graphene-based composite materials Export

@article{citeulike:766486, abstract = {Graphene sheets—one-atom-thick two-dimensional layers of sp2-bonded carbon—are predicted to have a range of unusual properties. Their thermal conductivity and mechanical stiffness may rival the remarkable in-plane values for graphite (3,000 W m-1 K-1 and 1,060 GPa, respectively); their fracture strength should be comparable to that of carbon nanotubes for similar types of defects1, 2, 3; and recent studies have shown that individual graphene sheets have extraordinary electronic transport properties4, 5, 6, 7, 8. One possible route to harnessing these properties for applications would be to incorporate graphene sheets in a composite material. The manufacturing of such composites requires not only that graphene sheets be produced on a sufficient scale but that they also be incorporated, and homogeneously distributed, into various matrices. Graphite, inexpensive and available in large quantity, unfortunately does not readily exfoliate to yield individual graphene sheets. Here we present a general approach for the preparation of graphene-polymer composites via complete exfoliation of graphite9 and molecular-level dispersion of individual, chemically modified graphene sheets within polymer hosts. A polystyrene–graphene composite formed by this route exhibits a percolation threshold10 of 0.1 volume per cent for room-temperature electrical conductivity, the lowest reported value for any carbon-based composite except for those involving carbon nanotubes11; at only 1 volume per cent, this composite has a conductivity of 0.1 S m-1, sufficient for many electrical applications12. Our bottom-up chemical approach of tuning the graphene sheet properties provides a path to a broad new class of graphene-based materials and their use in a variety of applications.}, author = {Stankovich, Sasha and Dikin, Dmitriy A. and Dommett, Geoffrey H. B. and Kohlhaas, Kevin M. and Zimney, Eric J. and Stach, Eric A. and Piner, Richard D. and Nguyen, SonBinh T. and Ruoff, Rodney S.}, citeulike-article-id = {766486}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04969}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04969}, citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16855586}, citeulike-linkout-3 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=16855586}, day = {20}, doi = {10.1038/nature04969}, issn = {0028-0836}, journal = {Nature}, keywords = {2006, flexible-electronics, graphene, graphene-oxide, macroelectronics, nature, ruoff}, month = {July}, number = {7100}, pages = {282--286}, posted-at = {2008-06-30 16:59:34}, priority = {2}, publisher = {Nature Publishing Group}, title = {Graphene-based composite materials}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04969}, volume = {442}, year = {2006} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:766486 L3 - citeulike-article-id:766486 N2 - Graphene sheets—one-atom-thick two-dimensional layers of sp2-bonded carbon—are predicted to have a range of unusual properties. Their thermal conductivity and mechanical stiffness may rival the remarkable in-plane values for graphite (3,000 W m-1 K-1 and 1,060 GPa, respectively); their fracture strength should be comparable to that of carbon nanotubes for similar types of defects1, 2, 3; and recent studies have shown that individual graphene sheets have extraordinary electronic transport properties4, 5, 6, 7, 8. One possible route to harnessing these properties for applications would be to incorporate graphene sheets in a composite material. The manufacturing of such composites requires not only that graphene sheets be produced on a sufficient scale but that they also be incorporated, and homogeneously distributed, into various matrices. Graphite, inexpensive and available in large quantity, unfortunately does not readily exfoliate to yield individual graphene sheets. Here we present a general approach for the preparation of graphene-polymer composites via complete exfoliation of graphite9 and molecular-level dispersion of individual, chemically modified graphene sheets within polymer hosts. A polystyrene–graphene composite formed by this route exhibits a percolation threshold10 of 0.1 volume per cent for room-temperature electrical conductivity, the lowest reported value for any carbon-based composite except for those involving carbon nanotubes11; at only 1 volume per cent, this composite has a conductivity of 0.1 S m-1, sufficient for many electrical applications12. Our bottom-up chemical approach of tuning the graphene sheet properties provides a path to a broad new class of graphene-based materials and their use in a variety of applications. IS - 7100 JF - Nature SN - 0028-0836 EP - 286 TI - Graphene-based composite materials PB - Nature Publishing Group VL - 442 SP - 282 KW - 2006 KW - flexible-electronics KW - graphene KW - graphene-oxide KW - macroelectronics KW - nature KW - ruoff AU - Stankovich, Sasha AU - Dikin, Dmitriy AU - Dommett, Geoffrey AU - Kohlhaas, Kevin AU - Zimney, Eric AU - Stach, Eric AU - Piner, Richard AU - Nguyen, SonBinh AU - Ruoff, Rodney PY - 2006/07/20/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04969 ER -