Leadership, consensus decision making and collective behaviour in humans Export

@article{Dyer08, abstract = {10.1098/rstb.2008.0233 This paper reviews the literature on leadership in vertebrate groups, including recent work on human groups, before presenting the results of three new experiments looking at leadership and decision making in small and large human groups. In experiment 1, we find that both group size and the presence of uninformed individuals can affect the speed with which small human groups (eight people) decide between two opposing directional preferences and the likelihood of the group splitting. In experiment 2, we show that the spatial positioning of informed individuals within small human groups (10 people) can affect the speed and accuracy of group motion. We find that having a mixture of leaders positioned in the centre and on the edge of a group increases the speed and accuracy with which the group reaches their target. In experiment 3, we use large human crowds (100 and 200 people) to demonstrate that the trends observed from earlier work using small human groups can be applied to larger crowds. We find that only a small minority of informed individuals is needed to guide a large uninformed group. These studies build upon important theoretical and empirical work on leadership and decision making in animal groups.}, author = {Dyer, John R. and Johansson, Anders and Helbing, Dirk and Couzin, Iain D. and Krause, Jens}, citeulike-article-id = {3797683}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0233}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/364/1518/781.abstract}, citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/364/1518/781.full.pdf}, citeulike-linkout-3 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19073481}, citeulike-linkout-4 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=19073481}, citeulike-linkout-5 = {http://journals.royalsociety.org/content/uh15152k105g8672}, citeulike-linkout-6 = {http://journals.royalsociety.org/content/uh15152k105g8672/?p=13e7e3e2551f4283801cbb4e1dc91505&pi=0}, day = {27}, doi = {10.1098/rstb.2008.0233}, journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences}, keywords = {controlled-experiment, decision-making, human, pedestrian, simulation}, month = {March}, number = {1518}, pages = {781--789}, posted-at = {2009-01-08 09:15:52}, priority = {2}, title = {Leadership, consensus decision making and collective behaviour in humans}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0233}, volume = {364}, year = {2008} }

TY - JOUR ID - Dyer08 L3 - citeulike-article-id:3797683 N2 - 10.1098/rstb.2008.0233 This paper reviews the literature on leadership in vertebrate groups, including recent work on human groups, before presenting the results of three new experiments looking at leadership and decision making in small and large human groups. In experiment 1, we find that both group size and the presence of uninformed individuals can affect the speed with which small human groups (eight people) decide between two opposing directional preferences and the likelihood of the group splitting. In experiment 2, we show that the spatial positioning of informed individuals within small human groups (10 people) can affect the speed and accuracy of group motion. We find that having a mixture of leaders positioned in the centre and on the edge of a group increases the speed and accuracy with which the group reaches their target. In experiment 3, we use large human crowds (100 and 200 people) to demonstrate that the trends observed from earlier work using small human groups can be applied to larger crowds. We find that only a small minority of informed individuals is needed to guide a large uninformed group. These studies build upon important theoretical and empirical work on leadership and decision making in animal groups. IS - 1518 JF - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences EP - 789 TI - Leadership, consensus decision making and collective behaviour in humans VL - 364 SP - 781 KW - controlled-experiment KW - decision-making KW - human KW - pedestrian KW - simulation AU - Dyer, John AU - Johansson, Anders AU - Helbing, Dirk AU - Couzin, Iain AU - Krause, Jens PY - 2008/03/27/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0233 ER -