Experiment and modeling of exit-selecting behaviors during a building evacuation Export

@article{Fang09, abstract = {The evacuation process in a teaching building with two neighboring exits is investigated by means of experiment and modeling. The basic parameters such as flow, density and velocity of pedestrians in the exit area are measured. The exit-selecting phenomenon in the experiment is analyzed, and it is found that pedestrians prefer selecting the closer exit even though the other exit is only a little far. In order to understand the phenomenon, we reproduce the experiment process with a modified biased random walk model, in which the preference of closer exit is achieved using the drift direction and the drift force. Our simulation results afford a calibrated value of the drift force, especially when it is 0.56, there is good agreement between the simulation results and the experimental results on the number of pedestrians selecting the closer exit, the average velocity through the exits, the cumulative distribution of the instantaneous velocity and the fundamental diagram of the flow through exits. According to the further simulation results, it is found that pedestrians tend to select the exit with shorter distance to them, especially when the people density is small or medium. But if the density is large enough, the flow rates of the two exits will become comparable because of the detour behaviors. It reflects the fact that a crowd of people may not be rational to optimize the usage of multi-exits, especially in an emergency.}, author = {Fang, Zhiming and Song, Weiguo and Zhang, Jun and Wu, Hao}, citeulike-article-id = {5977128}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2009.10.019}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378437109008693}, day = {17}, doi = {10.1016/j.physa.2009.10.019}, issn = {03784371}, journal = {Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications}, keywords = {collective-behavior, crowd, data, decision-making, experiments, model, panic, pedestrian}, month = {October}, posted-at = {2009-10-28 14:39:59}, priority = {2}, title = {Experiment and modeling of exit-selecting behaviors during a building evacuation}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2009.10.019}, year = {2009} }

TY - JOUR ID - Fang09 L3 - citeulike-article-id:5977128 N2 - The evacuation process in a teaching building with two neighboring exits is investigated by means of experiment and modeling. The basic parameters such as flow, density and velocity of pedestrians in the exit area are measured. The exit-selecting phenomenon in the experiment is analyzed, and it is found that pedestrians prefer selecting the closer exit even though the other exit is only a little far. In order to understand the phenomenon, we reproduce the experiment process with a modified biased random walk model, in which the preference of closer exit is achieved using the drift direction and the drift force. Our simulation results afford a calibrated value of the drift force, especially when it is 0.56, there is good agreement between the simulation results and the experimental results on the number of pedestrians selecting the closer exit, the average velocity through the exits, the cumulative distribution of the instantaneous velocity and the fundamental diagram of the flow through exits. According to the further simulation results, it is found that pedestrians tend to select the exit with shorter distance to them, especially when the people density is small or medium. But if the density is large enough, the flow rates of the two exits will become comparable because of the detour behaviors. It reflects the fact that a crowd of people may not be rational to optimize the usage of multi-exits, especially in an emergency. JF - Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications SN - 03784371 TI - Experiment and modeling of exit-selecting behaviors during a building evacuation KW - collective-behavior KW - crowd KW - data KW - decision-making KW - experiments KW - model KW - panic KW - pedestrian AU - Fang, Zhiming AU - Song, Weiguo AU - Zhang, Jun AU - Wu, Hao PY - 2009/10/17/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2009.10.019 ER -