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Covering minimum spanning trees of random subgraphs |
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AbstractWe consider the problem of finding a sparse set of edges containing the minimum spanning tree (MST) of a random subgraph of G with high probability. The two random models that we consider are subgraphs induced by a random subset of vertices, each vertex included independently with probability p, and subgraphs generated as a random subset of edges, each edge with probability p.Let n denote the number of vertices, choose p ? (0, 1) possibly depending on n, and let b = 1/(1 - p). We show that in both random models, for any weighted graph G, there is a set of edges Q of cardinality O(n logbn) that contains the minimum spanning tree of a random subgraph of G with high probability. This result is asymptotically optimal. As a consequence, we also give a bound of O(kn) on the size of the union of all minimum spanning trees of G with some k vertices (or edges) removed. More generally, we show a bound of O(n logbn) on the size of a covering set in a matroid of rank n, which contains the minimum-weight basis of a random subset with high probability. Also, we give a randomized algorithm that calls an MST subroutine only a polylogarithmic number of times and finds the covering set with high probability.
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