Review: Autonomic neuropathy: a marker of cardiovascular risk Export

@article{citeulike:5998357, abstract = {Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) represents a serious complication as it carries an approximately five-fold risk of mortality in patients with diabetes just as in those with chronic liver diseases. The high mortality rate may be related to silent myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory instability and to other causes not yet explained. Resting tachycardia due to parasympathetic damage may represent one of the earliest signs. Typical findings referring to autonomic dysfunction may include exercise intolerance, orthostatic hypotension and cardiac dysfunction to rest or exercise. Severe autonomic neuropathy may be responsible for spontaneous respiratory arrest and unexplained sudden death. A relationship between the presence and/or severity of CAN and corrected QT interval prolongation is well documented. Better understanding of the prognostic importance of autonomic neuropathy followed the use of simple non-invasive cardiovascular reflex tests. These most commonly include heart rate variation in response to deep breathing, standing, the Valsalva maneouvre and blood pressure response to standing and sustained handgrip. Near normoglycaemia is now generally accepted as the primary approach to the prevention of diabetic neuropathy, but is not achievable in most patients. Our experience of the use of the antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid in the treatment of cardiac autonomic neuropathy is described. 10.1177/14746514030030020201}, author = {Kempler, Peter}, citeulike-article-id = {5998357}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14746514030030020201}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://intl-dvd.sagepub.com/content/3/2/84.abstract}, citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://intl-dvd.sagepub.com/content/3/2/84.full.pdf}, day = {1}, doi = {10.1177/14746514030030020201}, journal = {British Journal of Diabetes Vascular Disease}, keywords = {autonomic\_ns, can, dan, deep\_breathing, infarction, neuropathy, qt\_interval, review\_article}, month = {March}, number = {2}, pages = {84--90}, posted-at = {2009-10-23 18:42:45}, priority = {2}, title = {Review: Autonomic neuropathy: a marker of cardiovascular risk}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14746514030030020201}, volume = {3}, year = {2003} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:5998357 L3 - citeulike-article-id:5998357 N2 - Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) represents a serious complication as it carries an approximately five-fold risk of mortality in patients with diabetes just as in those with chronic liver diseases. The high mortality rate may be related to silent myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory instability and to other causes not yet explained. Resting tachycardia due to parasympathetic damage may represent one of the earliest signs. Typical findings referring to autonomic dysfunction may include exercise intolerance, orthostatic hypotension and cardiac dysfunction to rest or exercise. Severe autonomic neuropathy may be responsible for spontaneous respiratory arrest and unexplained sudden death. A relationship between the presence and/or severity of CAN and corrected QT interval prolongation is well documented. Better understanding of the prognostic importance of autonomic neuropathy followed the use of simple non-invasive cardiovascular reflex tests. These most commonly include heart rate variation in response to deep breathing, standing, the Valsalva maneouvre and blood pressure response to standing and sustained handgrip. Near normoglycaemia is now generally accepted as the primary approach to the prevention of diabetic neuropathy, but is not achievable in most patients. Our experience of the use of the antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid in the treatment of cardiac autonomic neuropathy is described. 10.1177/14746514030030020201 IS - 2 JF - British Journal of Diabetes Vascular Disease EP - 90 TI - Review: Autonomic neuropathy: a marker of cardiovascular risk VL - 3 SP - 84 KW - autonomic_ns KW - can KW - dan KW - deep_breathing KW - infarction KW - neuropathy KW - qt_interval KW - review_article AU - Kempler, Peter PY - 2003/03/01/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14746514030030020201 ER -