Glycine increases mRNA adiponectin and diminishes pro-inflammatory adipokines expression in 3T3-L1 cells. Export

@article{citeulike:2831032, abstract = {Obesity and type 2 diabetes course with chronic low-grade inflammation, where adiponectin is down-regulated and pro-inflammatory markers, like interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and C-reactive protein (CRP), are up-regulated. A treatment option to improve the micro- and macro-complications in type 2 diabetes is the use of glycine, which has been demonstrated previously to increase the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in monocytes and down-regulate the expression of TNF-alpha in monocytes and Kupffer cells. Recently, our group demonstrated that glycine decreases the pro-inflammatory plasmatic cytokines in type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to test the effect of glycine on adipokines expression in 3T3-L1 cells. Cells were grown and differentiated in the presence of 10 mM glycine. After 2 days of confluence, cells were differentiated to adipocytes in the same medium supplemented with insulin, dexamethasone, and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine. The RNA was extracted at days 0 and 8 of differentiation (fibroblasts and mature adipocyte phenotypes, respectively). The expression of PPAR-gamma (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma), adiponectin, resistin, IL-6 and TNF-alpha were analyzed by real-time PCR. We demonstrated that when 3T3-L1 cells were treated with glycine, IL-6, resistin and TNF-alpha mRNA expression was decreased, but surprisingly adiponectin and PPAR-gamma were up-regulated. In all cases the values were statistically significant (P<0.05) between glycine treatment and controls. These results show that glycine improves the pro-inflammatory profile and up-regulates adiponectin gene expression. Therefore, glycine could be useful as a modulator of the pro-inflammatory state observed in obesity and type 2 diabetes.}, address = {Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Bioquimica, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico, D.F., Mexico.}, author = {Garcia-Macedo, Rebeca and Sanchez-Mu\~{n}oz, Fausto and Almanza-Perez, Julio Cesar C. and Duran-Reyes, Genoveva and Alarcon-Aguilar, Francisco and Cruz, Miguel}, citeulike-article-id = {2831032}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.03.051}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18499099}, citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=18499099}, day = {8}, doi = {10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.03.051}, issn = {0014-2999}, journal = {European journal of pharmacology}, keywords = {adiponectin, macrophage}, month = {April}, posted-at = {2008-05-25 18:10:31}, priority = {2}, title = {Glycine increases mRNA adiponectin and diminishes pro-inflammatory adipokines expression in 3T3-L1 cells.}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.03.051}, year = {2008} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:2831032 L3 - citeulike-article-id:2831032 N2 - Obesity and type 2 diabetes course with chronic low-grade inflammation, where adiponectin is down-regulated and pro-inflammatory markers, like interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and C-reactive protein (CRP), are up-regulated. A treatment option to improve the micro- and macro-complications in type 2 diabetes is the use of glycine, which has been demonstrated previously to increase the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in monocytes and down-regulate the expression of TNF-alpha in monocytes and Kupffer cells. Recently, our group demonstrated that glycine decreases the pro-inflammatory plasmatic cytokines in type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to test the effect of glycine on adipokines expression in 3T3-L1 cells. Cells were grown and differentiated in the presence of 10 mM glycine. After 2 days of confluence, cells were differentiated to adipocytes in the same medium supplemented with insulin, dexamethasone, and 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine. The RNA was extracted at days 0 and 8 of differentiation (fibroblasts and mature adipocyte phenotypes, respectively). The expression of PPAR-gamma (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma), adiponectin, resistin, IL-6 and TNF-alpha were analyzed by real-time PCR. We demonstrated that when 3T3-L1 cells were treated with glycine, IL-6, resistin and TNF-alpha mRNA expression was decreased, but surprisingly adiponectin and PPAR-gamma were up-regulated. In all cases the values were statistically significant (P<0.05) between glycine treatment and controls. These results show that glycine improves the pro-inflammatory profile and up-regulates adiponectin gene expression. Therefore, glycine could be useful as a modulator of the pro-inflammatory state observed in obesity and type 2 diabetes. JF - European journal of pharmacology SN - 0014-2999 AD - Unidad de Investigacion Medica en Bioquimica, Centro Medico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico, D.F., Mexico. TI - Glycine increases mRNA adiponectin and diminishes pro-inflammatory adipokines expression in 3T3-L1 cells. KW - adiponectin KW - macrophage AU - Garcia-Macedo, Rebeca AU - Sanchez-Muñoz, Fausto AU - Almanza-Perez, Julio Cesar AU - Duran-Reyes, Genoveva AU - Alarcon-Aguilar, Francisco AU - Cruz, Miguel PY - 2008/04/08/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.03.051 ER -