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Chemically Derived, Ultrasmooth Graphene Nanoribbon Semiconductors Export

Science, Vol. 319, No. 5867. (29 February 2008), pp. 1229-1232.

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experiment graphene graphene-nanoribbon science

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We developed a chemical route to produce graphene nanoribbons (GNR) with width below 10 nanometers, as well as single ribbons with varying widths along their lengths or containing lattice-defined graphene junctions for potential molecular electronics. The GNRs were solution-phase-derived, stably suspended in solvents with noncovalent polymer functionalization, and exhibited ultrasmooth edges with possibly well-defined zigzag or armchair-edge structures. Electrical transport experiments showed that, unlike single-walled carbon nanotubes, all of the sub-10-nanometer GNRs produced were semiconductors and afforded graphene field effect transistors with on-off ratios of about 107 at room temperature. 10.1126/science.1150878


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