Factors Associated With Death or Hospitalization Due to Pandemic 2009 Influenza A(H1N1) Infection in California Export

@article{citeulike:6083447, abstract = {Context Pandemic influenza A(H1N1) emerged rapidly in California in April 2009. Preliminary comparisons with seasonal influenza suggest that pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) disproportionately affects younger ages and causes generally mild disease. Objective To describe the clinical and epidemiologic features of pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) cases that led to hospitalization or death. Design, Setting, and Participants Statewide enhanced public health surveillance of California residents who were hospitalized or died with laboratory evidence of pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) infection reported to the California Department of Public Health between April 23 and August 11, 2009. Main Outcome Measure Characteristics of hospitalized and fatal cases. Results During the study period there were 1088 cases of hospitalization or death due to pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) infection reported in California. The median age was 27 years (range, <1-92 years) and 68\% (741/1088) had risk factors for seasonal influenza complications. Sixty-six percent (547/833) of those with chest radiographs performed had infiltrates and 31\% (340/1088) required intensive care. Rapid antigen tests were falsely negative in 34\% (208/618) of cases evaluated. Secondary bacterial infection was identified in 4\% (46/1088). Twenty-one percent (183/884) received no antiviral treatment. Overall fatality was 11\% (118/1088) and was highest (18\%-20\%) in persons aged 50 years or older. The most common causes of death were viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Conclusions In the first 16 weeks of the current pandemic, the median age of hospitalized infected cases was younger than is common with seasonal influenza. Infants had the highest hospitalization rates and persons aged 50 years or older had the highest mortality rates once hospitalized. Most cases had established risk factors for complications of seasonal influenza. 10.1001/jama.2009.1583}, author = {Louie, Janice K. and Acosta, Meileen and Winter, Kathleen and Jean, Cynthia and Gavali, Shilpa and Schechter, Robert and Vugia, Duc and Harriman, Kathleen and Matyas, Bela and Glaser, Carol A. and Samuel, Michael C. and Rosenberg, Jon and Talarico, John and Hatch, Douglas and for the California Pandemic H1N1 Working Group}, citeulike-article-id = {6083447}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.1583}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/302/17/1896.abstract}, citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/302/17/1896.full.pdf}, citeulike-linkout-3 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19887665}, citeulike-linkout-4 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=19887665}, day = {4}, doi = {10.1001/jama.2009.1583}, journal = {JAMA}, keywords = {factors, flu, for, new, pandemic, risk}, month = {November}, number = {17}, pages = {1896--1902}, posted-at = {2009-11-09 05:09:23}, priority = {5}, title = {Factors Associated With Death or Hospitalization Due to Pandemic 2009 Influenza A(H1N1) Infection in California}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.1583}, volume = {302}, year = {2009} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:6083447 L3 - citeulike-article-id:6083447 N2 - Context Pandemic influenza A(H1N1) emerged rapidly in California in April 2009. Preliminary comparisons with seasonal influenza suggest that pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) disproportionately affects younger ages and causes generally mild disease. Objective To describe the clinical and epidemiologic features of pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) cases that led to hospitalization or death. Design, Setting, and Participants Statewide enhanced public health surveillance of California residents who were hospitalized or died with laboratory evidence of pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) infection reported to the California Department of Public Health between April 23 and August 11, 2009. Main Outcome Measure Characteristics of hospitalized and fatal cases. Results During the study period there were 1088 cases of hospitalization or death due to pandemic 2009 influenza A(H1N1) infection reported in California. The median age was 27 years (range, <1-92 years) and 68% (741/1088) had risk factors for seasonal influenza complications. Sixty-six percent (547/833) of those with chest radiographs performed had infiltrates and 31% (340/1088) required intensive care. Rapid antigen tests were falsely negative in 34% (208/618) of cases evaluated. Secondary bacterial infection was identified in 4% (46/1088). Twenty-one percent (183/884) received no antiviral treatment. Overall fatality was 11% (118/1088) and was highest (18%-20%) in persons aged 50 years or older. The most common causes of death were viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Conclusions In the first 16 weeks of the current pandemic, the median age of hospitalized infected cases was younger than is common with seasonal influenza. Infants had the highest hospitalization rates and persons aged 50 years or older had the highest mortality rates once hospitalized. Most cases had established risk factors for complications of seasonal influenza. 10.1001/jama.2009.1583 IS - 17 JF - JAMA EP - 1902 TI - Factors Associated With Death or Hospitalization Due to Pandemic 2009 Influenza A(H1N1) Infection in California VL - 302 SP - 1896 KW - factors KW - flu KW - for KW - new KW - pandemic KW - risk AU - Louie, Janice AU - Acosta, Meileen AU - Winter, Kathleen AU - Jean, Cynthia AU - Gavali, Shilpa AU - Schechter, Robert AU - Vugia, Duc AU - Harriman, Kathleen AU - Matyas, Bela AU - Glaser, Carol AU - Samuel, Michael AU - Rosenberg, Jon AU - Talarico, John AU - Hatch, Douglas AU - for the California Pandemic H1N1 Working Group PY - 2009/11/04/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.1583 ER -