Failure to regulate: counterproductive recruitment of top-down prefrontal-subcortical circuitry in major depression. Export

@article{citeulike:2821398, abstract = {Although depressed mood is a normal occurrence in response to adversity in all individuals, what distinguishes those who are vulnerable to major depressive disorder (MDD) is their inability to effectively regulate negative mood when it arises. Investigating the neural underpinnings of adaptive emotion regulation and the extent to which such processes are compromised in MDD may be helpful in understanding the pathophysiology of depression. We report results from a functional magnetic resonance imaging study demonstrating left-lateralized activation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) when downregulating negative affect in nondepressed individuals, whereas depressed individuals showed bilateral PFC activation. Furthermore, during an effortful affective reappraisal task, nondepressed individuals showed an inverse relationship between activation in left ventrolateral PFC and the amygdala that is mediated by the ventromedial PFC (VMPFC). No such relationship was found for depressed individuals, who instead show a positive association between VMPFC and amygdala. Pupil dilation data suggest that those depressed patients who expend more effort to reappraise negative stimuli are characterized by accentuated activation in the amygdala, insula, and thalamus, whereas nondepressed individuals exhibit the opposite pattern. These findings indicate that a key feature underlying the pathophysiology of major depression is the counterproductive engagement of right prefrontal cortex and the lack of engagement of left lateral-ventromedial prefrontal circuitry important for the downregulation of amygdala responses to negative stimuli.}, address = {Waisman Laboratory for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA. itjohnstone@wisc.edu}, author = {Johnstone, T. and van Reekum, C. M. and Urry, H. L. and Kalin, N. H. and Davidson, R. J.}, citeulike-article-id = {2821398}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2063-07.2007}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17699669}, citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=17699669}, comment = {http://www.physorg.com/news106406304.html}, day = {15}, doi = {10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2063-07.2007}, issn = {1529-2401}, journal = {J Neurosci}, keywords = {depression, fmri}, month = {August}, number = {33}, pages = {8877--8884}, posted-at = {2008-05-21 22:32:49}, priority = {2}, title = {Failure to regulate: counterproductive recruitment of top-down prefrontal-subcortical circuitry in major depression.}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2063-07.2007}, volume = {27}, year = {2007} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:2821398 L3 - citeulike-article-id:2821398 N2 - Although depressed mood is a normal occurrence in response to adversity in all individuals, what distinguishes those who are vulnerable to major depressive disorder (MDD) is their inability to effectively regulate negative mood when it arises. Investigating the neural underpinnings of adaptive emotion regulation and the extent to which such processes are compromised in MDD may be helpful in understanding the pathophysiology of depression. We report results from a functional magnetic resonance imaging study demonstrating left-lateralized activation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) when downregulating negative affect in nondepressed individuals, whereas depressed individuals showed bilateral PFC activation. Furthermore, during an effortful affective reappraisal task, nondepressed individuals showed an inverse relationship between activation in left ventrolateral PFC and the amygdala that is mediated by the ventromedial PFC (VMPFC). No such relationship was found for depressed individuals, who instead show a positive association between VMPFC and amygdala. Pupil dilation data suggest that those depressed patients who expend more effort to reappraise negative stimuli are characterized by accentuated activation in the amygdala, insula, and thalamus, whereas nondepressed individuals exhibit the opposite pattern. These findings indicate that a key feature underlying the pathophysiology of major depression is the counterproductive engagement of right prefrontal cortex and the lack of engagement of left lateral-ventromedial prefrontal circuitry important for the downregulation of amygdala responses to negative stimuli. IS - 33 JF - J Neurosci SN - 1529-2401 AD - Waisman Laboratory for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA. itjohnstone@wisc.edu EP - 8884 TI - Failure to regulate: counterproductive recruitment of top-down prefrontal-subcortical circuitry in major depression. VL - 27 SP - 8877 KW - depression KW - fmri N1 - http://www.physorg.com/news106406304.html AU - Johnstone, T AU - van Reekum, CM AU - Urry, HL AU - Kalin, NH AU - Davidson, RJ PY - 2007/08/15/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2063-07.2007 ER -