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Photochemical Preparation of Highly Functionalized 1-Indanones Export

J. Org. Chem., Vol. 69, No. 22. (29 October 2004), pp. 7582-7591.

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diplom indanon norrish photochemistry shift spincenter young

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Abstract: A series of o-alkylphenyl alkyl ketones 1 were synthesized by different methods. The presence of a leaving group X adjacent to the carbonyl group is the special peculiarity of these ketones. Upon irradiation the keto carbonyl group of these compounds undergoes an n-* excitation followed by a 1,5-hydrogen migration from the o-alkyl substituent to the carbonyl oxygen atom. The thus formed 1,4-diradicals are subject to a very rapid elimination of acid HX, giving 1,5-diradicals. We called this process spin center shift. After intersystem crossing these diradicals cyclize to 1-indanones 20 in good yields. Depending on the solvent and on substituents, o-alkoxyalkyl ketones 22 or benzo[c]furanes 21 are obtained as byproducts. The mechanism of the cyclization was elucidated by quantum chemical calculations and kinetic measurements.


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