Nanoscale avalanche photodiodes for highly sensitive and spatially resolved photon detection Export

@article{citeulike:2410492, abstract = {Integrating nanophotonics with electronics could enhance and/or enable opportunities in areas ranging from communications and computing to novel diagnostics1, 2. Light sources and detectors are important elements for integration1, and key progress has been made using semiconducting nanowires3, 4, 5 and carbon nanotubes to yield electrically driven sources6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and photoconductor detectors13, 14, 15, 16, 17. Detection with photoconductors has relatively poor sensitivity at the nanometre scale, and thus large amplification is required to detect low light levels and ultimately single photons with reasonable response time. Here, we report avalanche multiplication of the photocurrent in nanoscale p–n diodes consisting of crossed silicon–cadmium sulphide nanowires. Electrical transport and optical measurements demonstrate that the nanowire avalanche photodiodes (nanoAPDs) have ultrahigh sensitivity with detection limits of less than 100 photons, and subwavelength spatial resolution of at least 250 nm. Crossed nanowire arrays also show that nanoAPDs are reproducible and can be addressed independently without cross-talk. NanoAPDs and arrays could open new opportunities for ultradense integrated systems, sensing and imaging applications.}, address = {Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.}, author = {Hayden, Oliver and Agarwal, Ritesh and Lieber, Charles M.}, citeulike-article-id = {2410492}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat1635}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat1635}, citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16617344}, citeulike-linkout-3 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=16617344}, day = {16}, doi = {10.1038/nmat1635}, issn = {1476-1122}, journal = {Nature Materials}, keywords = {avalanche, nanowire, photodiode}, month = {April}, number = {5}, pages = {352--356}, posted-at = {2009-11-04 20:09:16}, priority = {2}, publisher = {Nature Publishing Group}, title = {Nanoscale avalanche photodiodes for highly sensitive and spatially resolved photon detection}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat1635}, volume = {5}, year = {2006} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:2410492 L3 - citeulike-article-id:2410492 N2 - Integrating nanophotonics with electronics could enhance and/or enable opportunities in areas ranging from communications and computing to novel diagnostics1, 2. Light sources and detectors are important elements for integration1, and key progress has been made using semiconducting nanowires3, 4, 5 and carbon nanotubes to yield electrically driven sources6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and photoconductor detectors13, 14, 15, 16, 17. Detection with photoconductors has relatively poor sensitivity at the nanometre scale, and thus large amplification is required to detect low light levels and ultimately single photons with reasonable response time. Here, we report avalanche multiplication of the photocurrent in nanoscale p–n diodes consisting of crossed silicon–cadmium sulphide nanowires. Electrical transport and optical measurements demonstrate that the nanowire avalanche photodiodes (nanoAPDs) have ultrahigh sensitivity with detection limits of less than 100 photons, and subwavelength spatial resolution of at least 250 nm. Crossed nanowire arrays also show that nanoAPDs are reproducible and can be addressed independently without cross-talk. NanoAPDs and arrays could open new opportunities for ultradense integrated systems, sensing and imaging applications. IS - 5 JF - Nature Materials SN - 1476-1122 AD - Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA. EP - 356 TI - Nanoscale avalanche photodiodes for highly sensitive and spatially resolved photon detection PB - Nature Publishing Group VL - 5 SP - 352 KW - avalanche KW - nanowire KW - photodiode AU - Hayden, Oliver AU - Agarwal, Ritesh AU - Lieber, Charles PY - 2006/04/16/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat1635 ER -