Dual dual-use research of concern: publish and perish?

New life sciences discoveries reported in the public domain have widely considered to have helped us in myriad ways: protecting public health, multiplying agricultural yields, fostering technological development and economic growth, and enhancing global stability and security. Scientists typically report their research in learned journals and strive hard for widest dissemination to potential users. As the renowned nuclear physicist Oppenhiemer said.“It is not possible to be a scientist unless you think that it is of the highest value to share your knowledge, to share it with everyone that is interested” and that …“Secrecy,”… “strikes at the very root of what science is, and what science is for”1. He was referring to the publication and dissemination of research and development of nuclear fission and the chain reaction that could (and did) led towards the creation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD). Nuclear science and technology continues to be the most closely guarded all over the world.