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Démographie des communautés en ligne. Le cas des wikis Export

Réseaux, Vol. 26, No. 152. (2008), pp. 205-240.

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online_communities wikis

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Les wikis et notamment la Wikipedia sont un des exemples les plus saillants de communautés en ligne de construction collective et collaborative de contenus. Si la Wikipedia a à cet égard jusqu’ici concentré l’essentiel des efforts de recherche, l’ensemble des wikis constitue cependant un écosystème d’une grande diversité de contenus, de populations, d’usages et de systèmes de gouvernance. De nombreux wikis luttent ainsi pour survivre et attirer contributeurs et articles de qualité. Notre étude constitue la première analyse quantitative et démographique d’un grand échantillon de wikis. Nous nous intéressons en particulier aux corrélations potentielles entre la dynamique démographique certaines propriétés liées à la structure au mode de gouvernance des wikis. Ceci nous permet finalement d’introduire et de discuter plusieurs axes d’étude de la viabilité des communautés en ligne. Wikis are the most prominent example of online communities of collaborative content creation, of which Wikipedia is the largest and most famous. The primacy of research on Wikipedia in the literature has eclipsed the study of the wiki ecosystem, which actually displays a wide variety of demographics, usage patterns, governance, content and population dynamics. Many wikis struggle to survive, competing against one another for quality and contributors, growing in content and population or, conversely, threatened by inactivity or vandalism. This paper is the first empirical assessment of a large sample of wikis, their structure and their evolution over time. We analyse the correlation of various macroscopic indicators, structural features and governance policies of wikis with specific growth patterns, and discuss possible future research on the viability of online communities.


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