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Sources of Cognitive Exploration: Genetic Variation in the Prefrontal Dopamine System Predicts Openness/Intellect.

by: Colin G. Deyoung, Dante Cicchetti, Fred A. Rogosch, Jeremy R. Gray, Maria Eastman, Elena L. Grigorenko
Journal of research in personality, Vol. 45, No. 4. (1 August 2011), pp. 364-371, doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2011.04.002  Key: citeulike:9257672

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Abstract

The personality trait Openness/Intellect reflects the tendency to be imaginative, curious, perceptive, artistic, and intellectual-all characteristics that involve cognitive exploration. Little is known about the biological basis of Openness/Intellect, but the trait has been linked to cognitive functions of prefrontal cortex, and the neurotransmitter dopamine plays a key role in motivation to explore. The hypothesis that dopamine is involved in Openness/Intellect was supported by examining its association with two genes that are central components of the prefrontal dopaminergic system. In two demographically different samples (children: N = 608; adults: N = 214), variation in the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) and the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene (COMT) predicted Openness/Intellect, as main effects in the child sample and in interaction in adults.


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