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Nature, Vol. 445, No. 7124. (11 January 2007), pp. 153-153, doi:10.1038/445153a Key: citeulike:1035488
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A memory-based immune system may have evolved in vertebrates because of the need to recognize and manage complex communities of beneficial microbes. All vertebrates have a type of immunity known as adaptive immunity, which allows them to respond to each fresh encounter with the microbial world on the basis of past interactions. Invertebrates, however, rely entirely on the innate immune system, an ancient mechanism present in all animals that does not typically 'remember' previous encounters.
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