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The Hellmann-Feynman theorem in a pure ensemble is extended to a quasidegenerate mixed ensemble (canonical) as an ensemble average value. The theorem is also extended to a grand canonical ensemble wherein average particle number is conserved. Connections with the thermodynamic observables are made. An approximate relation between ∂[Ĥ]C∕∂λ and ∂[Ĥ]G∕∂λ is established at the leading order of the saddle-point approximation.
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