Bacterial Endosymbiosis Is Widely Present among Zygomycetes but Does Not Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Mucormycosis Export

@article{citeulike:5996491, abstract = {doi: 10.1086/591461 PMID: 18694335 Environmental isolates of the fungus Rhizopus have been shown to harbor a bacterial endosymbiont (Burkholderia) that produces rhixozin, a plant mycotoxin. We sought to define the role of rhizoxin production by endosymbionts in the pathogenesis of mucormycosis. Endosymbiotic bacteria were identified by polymerase chain reaction in 15 (54\%) of 28 clinical isolates of Zygomycetes, with 33\% of the bacterial strains showing ⩾87\% identity to Burkholderia 16S rDNA. The presence of rhizoxin in myclial extracts from fungi harboring bacteria was confirmed by high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis. However, fungal strains with or without endosymbionts did not differ in their ability to cause endothelial cell injury in vitro, nor did antibiotic‐mediated eradication of endosymbionts and rhizoxin production decrease the virulence of fungal strains in mice or flies. In summary, although bacterial endosymbiosis is widely detected in clinical isolates of Zygomycetes, including Rhizopus oryzae strains, we found no evidence that bacterial endosymbionts and rhizoxin contribute to the pathogenesis of mucormycosis in the models studied.}, author = {Ibrahim, Ashraf S. and Gebremariam, Teclegiorgis and Liu, Mingfu and Chamilos, Georgios and Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios P. and Mink, Richard and Kwon‐Chung, Kyung J. and Fu, Yue and Skory, Christopher D. and Edwards, Jr and Spellberg, Brad}, citeulike-article-id = {5996491}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/591461}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/591461}, day = {1}, doi = {10.1086/591461}, journal = {The Journal of Infectious Diseases}, keywords = {bacteria, clinical, endosymbiont, medical, rhizopus, toxin}, month = {October}, number = {7}, pages = {1083--1090}, posted-at = {2009-10-23 05:15:36}, priority = {2}, title = {Bacterial Endosymbiosis Is Widely Present among Zygomycetes but Does Not Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Mucormycosis}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/591461}, volume = {198}, year = {2008} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:5996491 L3 - citeulike-article-id:5996491 N2 - doi: 10.1086/591461 PMID: 18694335 Environmental isolates of the fungus Rhizopus have been shown to harbor a bacterial endosymbiont (Burkholderia) that produces rhixozin, a plant mycotoxin. We sought to define the role of rhizoxin production by endosymbionts in the pathogenesis of mucormycosis. Endosymbiotic bacteria were identified by polymerase chain reaction in 15 (54%) of 28 clinical isolates of Zygomycetes, with 33% of the bacterial strains showing ⩾87% identity to Burkholderia 16S rDNA. The presence of rhizoxin in myclial extracts from fungi harboring bacteria was confirmed by high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis. However, fungal strains with or without endosymbionts did not differ in their ability to cause endothelial cell injury in vitro, nor did antibiotic‐mediated eradication of endosymbionts and rhizoxin production decrease the virulence of fungal strains in mice or flies. In summary, although bacterial endosymbiosis is widely detected in clinical isolates of Zygomycetes, including Rhizopus oryzae strains, we found no evidence that bacterial endosymbionts and rhizoxin contribute to the pathogenesis of mucormycosis in the models studied. IS - 7 JF - The Journal of Infectious Diseases EP - 1090 TI - Bacterial Endosymbiosis Is Widely Present among Zygomycetes but Does Not Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Mucormycosis VL - 198 SP - 1083 KW - bacteria KW - clinical KW - endosymbiont KW - medical KW - rhizopus KW - toxin AU - Ibrahim, Ashraf AU - Gebremariam, Teclegiorgis AU - Liu, Mingfu AU - Chamilos, Georgios AU - Kontoyiannis, Dimitrios AU - Mink, Richard AU - Kwon‐Chung, Kyung AU - Fu, Yue AU - Skory, Christopher AU - Edwards, Jr AU - Spellberg, Brad PY - 2008/10/01/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/591461 ER -