Anthrax in Western and Central African great apes. Export

@article{citeulike:1000473, abstract = {During the period of December 2004 to January 2005, Bacillus anthracis killed three wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) and one gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) in a tropical forest in Cameroon. While this is the second anthrax outbreak in wild chimpanzees, this is the first case of anthrax in gorillas ever reported. The number of great apes in Central Africa is dramatically declining and the populations are seriously threatened by diseases, mainly Ebola. Nevertheless, a considerable number of deaths cannot be attributed to Ebola virus and remained unexplained. Our results show that diseases other than Ebola may also threaten wild great apes, and indicate that the role of anthrax in great ape mortality may have been underestimated. These results suggest that risk identification, assessment, and management for the survival of the last great apes should be performed with an open mind, since various pathogens with distinct characteristics in epidemiology and pathogenicity may impact the populations. An animal mortality monitoring network covering the entire African tropical forest, with the dual aims of preventing both great ape extinction and human disease outbreaks, will create necessary baseline data for such risk assessments and management plans.}, address = {Great Ape Health Monitoring Unit, c/o Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. LeendertzF@rki.de}, author = {Leendertz, F. H. and Lankester, F. and Guislain, P. and N\'{e}el, C. and Drori, O. and Dupain, J. and Speede, S. and Reed, P. and Wolfe, N. and Loul, S. and Mpoudi-Ngole, E. and Peeters, M. and Boesch, C. and Pauli, G. and Ellerbrok, H. and Leroy, E. M.}, citeulike-article-id = {1000473}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajp.20298}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16900500}, citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=16900500}, doi = {10.1002/ajp.20298}, issn = {0275-2565}, journal = {Am J Primatol}, keywords = {anthrax, cameroon, chimpanzees, disease, gorilla-gorilla-gorilla, gorillas, pan-troglodytes-troglodytes}, month = {September}, number = {9}, pages = {928--933}, posted-at = {2006-12-18 17:59:40}, priority = {2}, title = {Anthrax in Western and Central African great apes.}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajp.20298}, volume = {68}, year = {2006} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:1000473 L3 - citeulike-article-id:1000473 N2 - During the period of December 2004 to January 2005, Bacillus anthracis killed three wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) and one gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) in a tropical forest in Cameroon. While this is the second anthrax outbreak in wild chimpanzees, this is the first case of anthrax in gorillas ever reported. The number of great apes in Central Africa is dramatically declining and the populations are seriously threatened by diseases, mainly Ebola. Nevertheless, a considerable number of deaths cannot be attributed to Ebola virus and remained unexplained. Our results show that diseases other than Ebola may also threaten wild great apes, and indicate that the role of anthrax in great ape mortality may have been underestimated. These results suggest that risk identification, assessment, and management for the survival of the last great apes should be performed with an open mind, since various pathogens with distinct characteristics in epidemiology and pathogenicity may impact the populations. An animal mortality monitoring network covering the entire African tropical forest, with the dual aims of preventing both great ape extinction and human disease outbreaks, will create necessary baseline data for such risk assessments and management plans. IS - 9 JF - Am J Primatol SN - 0275-2565 AD - Great Ape Health Monitoring Unit, c/o Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. LeendertzF@rki.de EP - 933 TI - Anthrax in Western and Central African great apes. VL - 68 SP - 928 KW - anthrax KW - cameroon KW - chimpanzees KW - disease KW - gorilla-gorilla-gorilla KW - gorillas KW - pan-troglodytes-troglodytes AU - Leendertz, FH AU - Lankester, F AU - Guislain, P AU - Néel, C AU - Drori, O AU - Dupain, J AU - Speede, S AU - Reed, P AU - Wolfe, N AU - Loul, S AU - Mpoudi-Ngole, E AU - Peeters, M AU - Boesch, C AU - Pauli, G AU - Ellerbrok, H AU - Leroy, EM PY - 2006/09// UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajp.20298 ER -