Comparative genome and phenotypic analysis of Clostridium difficile 027 strains provides insight into the evolution of a hypervirulent bacterium Export

@article{citeulike:5839971, abstract = {BACKGROUND:The continued rise of Clostridium difficile infections worldwide has been accompanied by the rapid emergence of a highly virulent clone designated PCR-ribotype 027. To understand more about the evolution of this virulent clone, we made a three-way genomic and phenotypic comparison of an 'historic' non-epidemic 027 C. difficile (CD196), a recent epidemic and hypervirulent 027 (R20291) and a previously sequenced PCR-ribotype 012 strain (630).RESULTS:Although the genomes are highly conserved, the 027 genomes have 234 additional genes compared to 630, which may contribute to the distinct phenotypic differences we observe between these strains relating to motility, antibiotic resistance and toxicity. The epidemic 027 strain has five unique genetic regions, absent from both the non-epidemic 027 and strain 630, which include a novel phage island, a two component regulatory system and transcriptional regulators.CONCLUSIONS:A comparison of a series of 027 isolates showed that some of these genes appeared to have been gained by 027 strains over the past two decades. This study provides genetic markers for the identification of 027 strains and offers a unique opportunity to explain the recent emergence of a hypervirulent bacterium.}, author = {Stabler, Richard and He, Miao and Dawson, Lisa and Martin, Melissa and Valiente, Esmeralda and Corton, Craig and Lawley, Trevor and Sebaihia, Mohammed and Quail, Michael and Rose, Graham and Gerding, Dale and Gibert, Maryse and Popoff, Michel and Parkhill, Julian and Dougan, Gordon and Wren, Brendan}, citeulike-article-id = {5839971}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-2009-10-9-r102}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19781061}, citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=19781061}, day = {25}, doi = {10.1186/gb-2009-10-9-r102}, issn = {1465-6906}, journal = {Genome Biology}, keywords = {2}, month = {September}, number = {9}, pages = {R102+}, posted-at = {2009-11-10 12:04:52}, priority = {2}, title = {Comparative genome and phenotypic analysis of Clostridium difficile 027 strains provides insight into the evolution of a hypervirulent bacterium}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-2009-10-9-r102}, volume = {10}, year = {2009} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:5839971 L3 - citeulike-article-id:5839971 N2 - BACKGROUND:The continued rise of Clostridium difficile infections worldwide has been accompanied by the rapid emergence of a highly virulent clone designated PCR-ribotype 027. To understand more about the evolution of this virulent clone, we made a three-way genomic and phenotypic comparison of an 'historic' non-epidemic 027 C. difficile (CD196), a recent epidemic and hypervirulent 027 (R20291) and a previously sequenced PCR-ribotype 012 strain (630).RESULTS:Although the genomes are highly conserved, the 027 genomes have 234 additional genes compared to 630, which may contribute to the distinct phenotypic differences we observe between these strains relating to motility, antibiotic resistance and toxicity. The epidemic 027 strain has five unique genetic regions, absent from both the non-epidemic 027 and strain 630, which include a novel phage island, a two component regulatory system and transcriptional regulators.CONCLUSIONS:A comparison of a series of 027 isolates showed that some of these genes appeared to have been gained by 027 strains over the past two decades. This study provides genetic markers for the identification of 027 strains and offers a unique opportunity to explain the recent emergence of a hypervirulent bacterium. IS - 9 JF - Genome Biology SN - 1465-6906 TI - Comparative genome and phenotypic analysis of Clostridium difficile 027 strains provides insight into the evolution of a hypervirulent bacterium VL - 10 SP - R102 KW - 2 AU - Stabler, Richard AU - He, Miao AU - Dawson, Lisa AU - Martin, Melissa AU - Valiente, Esmeralda AU - Corton, Craig AU - Lawley, Trevor AU - Sebaihia, Mohammed AU - Quail, Michael AU - Rose, Graham AU - Gerding, Dale AU - Gibert, Maryse AU - Popoff, Michel AU - Parkhill, Julian AU - Dougan, Gordon AU - Wren, Brendan PY - 2009/09/25/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-2009-10-9-r102 ER -