Dietary energy density predicts the risk of incident type 2 diabetes: the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk Study. Export

@article{citeulike:3458764, abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Accumulating evidence suggests that energy-dense foods predispose to obesity and that such foods may also be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, but there is limited evidence. Our aim was to investigate whether there is an independent association between dietary energy density and incidence of diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk Cohort Study was a population-based prospective study of individuals aged 40-79 years at baseline. We calculated energy density for overall diet (all solids and drinks) using food frequency questionnaires. During 12 years of follow-up, we documented 725 new-onset cases of diabetes among 21,919 participants without diabetes, cancer, or cardiovascular disease at baseline. RESULTS: Baseline energy density (adjusted for age, sex, and baseline BMI) was higher in those who developed type 2 diabetes (mean 3.08 kJ/g [95\% CI 3.03-3.13]) than in those who remained nondiabetic (3.01 kJ/g [3.00-3.02]) (P = 0.012). Energy density was positively associated with incident diabetes (odds ratio 1.21 per unit increase [95\% CI 1.06-1.38]) adjusted for known risk factors. There was a 60\% higher risk of diabetes (1.60 [1.19-2.16]) in the highest quintile of energy density (range 3.55-7.97 kJ/g) compared with the lowest quintile (1.04-2.43 kJ/g) in adjusted analysis. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first large population-based prospective study to report that an energy-dense diet may be associated with increased risk of development of diabetes, independent of baseline obesity. The potential public health impact of a low-energy-dense diet on reducing the risk of diabetes deserves further study.}, author = {Wang, Jing and Luben, Robert and Khaw, Kay-Tee T. and Bingham, Sheila and Wareham, Nicholas J. and Forouhi, Nita G.}, citeulike-article-id = {3458764}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc08-1085}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://care.diabetesjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/31/11/2120}, citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18689693}, citeulike-linkout-3 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=18689693}, day = {1}, doi = {10.2337/dc08-1085}, issn = {1935-5548}, journal = {Diabetes care}, keywords = {adults, energy\_density, epic, longitudinal, type\_2\_diabetes}, month = {November}, number = {11}, pages = {2120--2125}, posted-at = {2009-10-26 11:02:26}, priority = {2}, title = {Dietary energy density predicts the risk of incident type 2 diabetes: the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk Study.}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc08-1085}, volume = {31}, year = {2008} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:3458764 L3 - citeulike-article-id:3458764 N2 - OBJECTIVE: Accumulating evidence suggests that energy-dense foods predispose to obesity and that such foods may also be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, but there is limited evidence. Our aim was to investigate whether there is an independent association between dietary energy density and incidence of diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk Cohort Study was a population-based prospective study of individuals aged 40-79 years at baseline. We calculated energy density for overall diet (all solids and drinks) using food frequency questionnaires. During 12 years of follow-up, we documented 725 new-onset cases of diabetes among 21,919 participants without diabetes, cancer, or cardiovascular disease at baseline. RESULTS: Baseline energy density (adjusted for age, sex, and baseline BMI) was higher in those who developed type 2 diabetes (mean 3.08 kJ/g [95% CI 3.03-3.13]) than in those who remained nondiabetic (3.01 kJ/g [3.00-3.02]) (P = 0.012). Energy density was positively associated with incident diabetes (odds ratio 1.21 per unit increase [95% CI 1.06-1.38]) adjusted for known risk factors. There was a 60% higher risk of diabetes (1.60 [1.19-2.16]) in the highest quintile of energy density (range 3.55-7.97 kJ/g) compared with the lowest quintile (1.04-2.43 kJ/g) in adjusted analysis. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first large population-based prospective study to report that an energy-dense diet may be associated with increased risk of development of diabetes, independent of baseline obesity. The potential public health impact of a low-energy-dense diet on reducing the risk of diabetes deserves further study. IS - 11 JF - Diabetes care SN - 1935-5548 EP - 2125 TI - Dietary energy density predicts the risk of incident type 2 diabetes: the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk Study. VL - 31 SP - 2120 KW - adults KW - energy_density KW - epic KW - longitudinal KW - type_2_diabetes AU - Wang, Jing AU - Luben, Robert AU - Khaw, Kay-Tee AU - Bingham, Sheila AU - Wareham, Nicholas AU - Forouhi, Nita PY - 2008/11/01/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc08-1085 ER -