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Alzheimer's amyloid fibrils: structure and assembly Export

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease, Vol. 1502, No. 1. (26 July 2000), pp. 16-30.

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amyloids

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Structural studies of Alzheimer’s amyloid fibrils have revealed information about the structure at different levels. The amyloid-β peptide has been examined in various solvents and conditions and this has led to a model by which a conformational switching occurs from α-helix or random coil, to a β-sheet structure. Amyloid fibril assembly proceeds by a nucleation dependent pathway leading to elongation of the fibrils. Along this pathway small oligomeric intermediates and short fibrillar structures (protofibrils) have been observed. In cross-section the fibril appears to be composed of several subfibrils or protofilaments. Each of these protofilaments is composed of β-sheet structure in which hydrogen bonding occurs along the length of the fibre and the β-strands run perpendicular to the fibre axis. This hierarchy of structure is discussed in this review.


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