Recent human-to-poultry host jump, adaptation, and pandemic spread of Staphylococcus aureus Export

@article{citeulike:6060393, abstract = {10.1073/pnas.0909285106 The impact of globalization on the emergence and spread of pathogens is an important veterinary and public health issue. is a notorious human pathogen associated with serious nosocomial and community-acquired infections. In addition, is a major cause of animal diseases including skeletal infections of poultry, which are a large economic burden on the global broiler chicken industry. Here, we provide evidence that the majority of isolates from broiler chickens are the descendants of a single human-to-poultry host jump that occurred approximately 38 years ago (range, 30 to 63 years ago) by a subtype of the worldwide human ST5 clonal lineage unique to Poland. In contrast to human subtypes of the ST5 radiation, which demonstrate strong geographic clustering, the poultry ST5 clade was distributed in different continents, consistent with wide dissemination via the global poultry industry distribution network. The poultry ST5 clade has undergone genetic diversification from its human progenitor strain by acquisition of novel mobile genetic elements from an avian-specific accessory gene pool, and by the inactivation of several proteins important for human disease pathogenesis. These genetic events have resulted in enhanced resistance to killing by chicken heterophils, reflecting avian host-adaptive evolution. Taken together, we have determined the evolutionary history of a major new animal pathogen that has undergone rapid avian host adaptation and intercontinental dissemination. These data provide a new paradigm for the impact of human activities on the emergence of animal pathogens.}, author = {Lowder, Bethan V. and Guinane, Caitriona M. and Ben Zakour, Nouri L. and Weinert, Lucy A. and Conway-Morris, Andrew and Cartwright, Robyn A. and Simpson, A. John and Rambaut, Andrew and N\~{A}¼bel, Ulrich and Fitzgerald, J. Ross}, citeulike-article-id = {6060393}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0909285106}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2009/10/30/0909285106.abstract}, citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2009/10/30/0909285106.full.pdf}, citeulike-linkout-3 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19884497}, citeulike-linkout-4 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=19884497}, day = {2}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.0909285106}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, keywords = {evolution, microbiology, pathogen, poultry\_industry, staphylococcus\_aureus, toblog}, month = {November}, posted-at = {2009-11-03 14:47:18}, priority = {2}, title = {Recent human-to-poultry host jump, adaptation, and pandemic spread of Staphylococcus aureus}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0909285106}, year = {2009} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:6060393 L3 - citeulike-article-id:6060393 N2 - 10.1073/pnas.0909285106 The impact of globalization on the emergence and spread of pathogens is an important veterinary and public health issue. is a notorious human pathogen associated with serious nosocomial and community-acquired infections. In addition, is a major cause of animal diseases including skeletal infections of poultry, which are a large economic burden on the global broiler chicken industry. Here, we provide evidence that the majority of isolates from broiler chickens are the descendants of a single human-to-poultry host jump that occurred approximately 38 years ago (range, 30 to 63 years ago) by a subtype of the worldwide human ST5 clonal lineage unique to Poland. In contrast to human subtypes of the ST5 radiation, which demonstrate strong geographic clustering, the poultry ST5 clade was distributed in different continents, consistent with wide dissemination via the global poultry industry distribution network. The poultry ST5 clade has undergone genetic diversification from its human progenitor strain by acquisition of novel mobile genetic elements from an avian-specific accessory gene pool, and by the inactivation of several proteins important for human disease pathogenesis. These genetic events have resulted in enhanced resistance to killing by chicken heterophils, reflecting avian host-adaptive evolution. Taken together, we have determined the evolutionary history of a major new animal pathogen that has undergone rapid avian host adaptation and intercontinental dissemination. These data provide a new paradigm for the impact of human activities on the emergence of animal pathogens. JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences TI - Recent human-to-poultry host jump, adaptation, and pandemic spread of Staphylococcus aureus KW - evolution KW - microbiology KW - pathogen KW - poultry_industry KW - staphylococcus_aureus KW - toblog AU - Lowder, Bethan AU - Guinane, Caitriona AU - Ben Zakour, Nouri AU - Weinert, Lucy AU - Conway-Morris, Andrew AU - Cartwright, Robyn AU - Simpson, John AU - Rambaut, Andrew AU - Nübel, Ulrich AU - Fitzgerald, Ross PY - 2009/11/02/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0909285106 ER -