Factors affecting residents' attachments to their communities are investigated using data collected from telephone interviews with 1620 adults in three U.S. cities. Two dimensions of community attachment are identified: social bonding and physical rootedness. A typology based on these two dimensions yields four key patterns of community attachment; profiles are presented of demograhpics and community-related attitudinal and behavioral correlates of each of the four patterns. Implications are discussed for the development of natural helping networks and the proliferation of professional services as strategies for promoting mental well-being within communities.