Transcription, Translation, and the Evolution of Specialists and Generalists Export

@article{citeulike:6095179, abstract = {We used DNA microarrays to measure transcription and iTRAQ 2D liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (a mass-tag labeling proteomic technique) to measure protein expression in 14 strains of Escherichia coli adapted for hundreds of generations to growth-limiting concentrations of either lactulose, methylgalactoside, or a 72:28 mixture of the two. The two ancestors, TD2 and TD10, differ only in their lac operons and have similar transcription and protein expression profiles. Changes in transcription and protein expression are observed at 30-250 genes depending on the evolved strain. Lactulose specialists carry duplications of the lac operon and show increased transcription and translation at lac. Methylgalactoside specialists are galS- and so constitutively transcribe and translate mgl, which encodes a transporter of methylgalactoside. However, there are two strains that carry lac duplications, are galS-, and show increased transcription and translation at both operons. One is a generalist, the other a lactulose specialist. The generalist fails to sweep to fixation because its lac+, galS+ competitor expresses the csg adhesin and sticks to the chemostat wall, thereby preventing complete washout. Transcription and translation are sometimes decoupled. Lactulose-adapted strains show increased protein expression at fru, a fructose transporter, without evidence of increased transcription. This suggests that fructose, produced by the action of {beta}-galactosidase on lactulose, may leach from cells before being recouped. Reduced expression, at "late" flagella genes and the constitutive gat operon, is an adaptation to starvation. A comparison with two other long-term evolution experiments suggests that certain aspects of adaptation are predictable, some are characteristic of an experimental system, whereas others seem erratic. 10.1093/molbev/msp187}, author = {Zhong, Shaobin and Miller, Stephen P. and Dykhuizen, Daniel E. and Dean, Antony M.}, citeulike-article-id = {6095179}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msp187}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/content/26/12/2661.abstract}, citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/content/26/12/2661.full.pdf}, citeulike-linkout-3 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19706726}, citeulike-linkout-4 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=19706726}, day = {1}, doi = {10.1093/molbev/msp187}, journal = {Mol Biol Evol}, keywords = {bacteria, e\_coli, evolution, gene\_expression, stress\_response, transcription, translation}, month = {December}, number = {12}, pages = {2661--2678}, posted-at = {2009-11-10 16:14:56}, priority = {2}, title = {Transcription, Translation, and the Evolution of Specialists and Generalists}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msp187}, volume = {26}, year = {2009} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:6095179 L3 - citeulike-article-id:6095179 N2 - We used DNA microarrays to measure transcription and iTRAQ 2D liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (a mass-tag labeling proteomic technique) to measure protein expression in 14 strains of Escherichia coli adapted for hundreds of generations to growth-limiting concentrations of either lactulose, methylgalactoside, or a 72:28 mixture of the two. The two ancestors, TD2 and TD10, differ only in their lac operons and have similar transcription and protein expression profiles. Changes in transcription and protein expression are observed at 30-250 genes depending on the evolved strain. Lactulose specialists carry duplications of the lac operon and show increased transcription and translation at lac. Methylgalactoside specialists are galS- and so constitutively transcribe and translate mgl, which encodes a transporter of methylgalactoside. However, there are two strains that carry lac duplications, are galS-, and show increased transcription and translation at both operons. One is a generalist, the other a lactulose specialist. The generalist fails to sweep to fixation because its lac+, galS+ competitor expresses the csg adhesin and sticks to the chemostat wall, thereby preventing complete washout. Transcription and translation are sometimes decoupled. Lactulose-adapted strains show increased protein expression at fru, a fructose transporter, without evidence of increased transcription. This suggests that fructose, produced by the action of {beta}-galactosidase on lactulose, may leach from cells before being recouped. Reduced expression, at "late" flagella genes and the constitutive gat operon, is an adaptation to starvation. A comparison with two other long-term evolution experiments suggests that certain aspects of adaptation are predictable, some are characteristic of an experimental system, whereas others seem erratic. 10.1093/molbev/msp187 IS - 12 JF - Mol Biol Evol EP - 2678 TI - Transcription, Translation, and the Evolution of Specialists and Generalists VL - 26 SP - 2661 KW - bacteria KW - e_coli KW - evolution KW - gene_expression KW - stress_response KW - transcription KW - translation AU - Zhong, Shaobin AU - Miller, Stephen AU - Dykhuizen, Daniel AU - Dean, Antony PY - 2009/12/01/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msp187 ER -