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Recognition of a CXCR4 Sulfotyrosine by the Chemokine Stromal Cell-derived Factor-1[alpha] (SDF-1[alpha]/CXCL12) Export

Journal of Molecular Biology, Vol. 359, No. 5. (23 June 2006), pp. 1400-1409.

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cxcr4 tys

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Tyrosine sulfation of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 enhances its interaction with the chemokine SDF-1[alpha]. Given similar post-translational modification of other receptors, including CCR5, CX3CR1 and CCR2b, tyrosine sulfation may be of universal importance in chemokine signaling. N-terminal domains from seven transmembrane chemokine receptors have been employed for structural studies of chemokine-receptor interactions, but never in the context of proper post-translational modifications known to affect function. A CXCR4 peptide modified at position 21 by expressed tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase-1 and unmodified peptide are both disordered in solution, but bind SDF-1[alpha] with low micromolar affinities. NMR and fluorescence polarization measurements showed that the CXCR4 peptide stabilizes dimeric SDF-1[alpha], and that sulfotyrosine 21 binds a specific site on the chemokine that includes arginine 47. We conclude that the SDF-1[alpha] dimer preferentially interacts with receptor peptide, and residues beyond the extreme N-terminal region of CXCR4, including sulfotyrosine 21, make specific contacts with the chemokine ligand.


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