SLAM: a connectionist model for attention in visual selection tasks. Export

@article{citeulike:3174884, abstract = {SLAM, the SeLective Attention Model, performs visual selective attention tasks, an analysis of which shows that two processes, object and attribute selection, are both necessary and sufficient. It is based upon the McClelland and Rumelhart (1981) model for visual word recognition, with the addition of a response selection and evaluation mechanism. The responses may be correct or incorrect and, in particular conditions, SLAM may not make a response at all. Moreover, it allows for the generation of specific responses in time. SLAM's main characteristics are parallelism restricted by competition within modules, heterarchical processing in a hierarchical structure, and generation of responses as a result of relaxation given the conjoint constraints of stimulation, object, and attribute selection. The model is considered to represent an individual subject performing filtering tasks and demonstrates appropriate selective behavior. It is also tested quantitatively using a single tentative set of model parameters. The study reports simulations of four different filtering experiments, modeling response latencies, and error proportions. Specifications are made to take account of instructions, previous trials, and the effect of a barmarker cue and of asynchronies in stimulus and cue onsets. The model is then extended in order to provide simulations of a number of Stroop experiments, which can be regarded as filtering tasks with nonequivalent stimuli. The extension required for Stroop simulations is the addition of direct connections between compatible stimulus and response aspects. The direct connections do not affect the simulation of simpler filtering tasks. A variety of different experiments carried out by different authors is simulated. The model is discussed in terms of how modular architecture and the interaction of excitation and inhibition generate facilitation or inhibition of response latencies.}, address = {Unit of Experimental and Theoretical Psychology, Leiden University, The Netherlands.}, author = {Phaf, R. H. and Van der Heijden, A. H. and Hudson, P. T.}, citeulike-article-id = {3174884}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2376113}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=2376113}, issn = {0010-0285}, journal = {Cognitive psychology}, keywords = {attention, biased\_competition, competition, comps, connectionism, feedback, models, modules, selection, stroop\_effect, vision}, month = {July}, number = {3}, pages = {273--341}, posted-at = {2009-06-24 19:39:02}, priority = {0}, title = {SLAM: a connectionist model for attention in visual selection tasks.}, url = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2376113}, volume = {22}, year = {1990} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:3174884 L3 - citeulike-article-id:3174884 N2 - SLAM, the SeLective Attention Model, performs visual selective attention tasks, an analysis of which shows that two processes, object and attribute selection, are both necessary and sufficient. It is based upon the McClelland and Rumelhart (1981) model for visual word recognition, with the addition of a response selection and evaluation mechanism. The responses may be correct or incorrect and, in particular conditions, SLAM may not make a response at all. Moreover, it allows for the generation of specific responses in time. SLAM's main characteristics are parallelism restricted by competition within modules, heterarchical processing in a hierarchical structure, and generation of responses as a result of relaxation given the conjoint constraints of stimulation, object, and attribute selection. The model is considered to represent an individual subject performing filtering tasks and demonstrates appropriate selective behavior. It is also tested quantitatively using a single tentative set of model parameters. The study reports simulations of four different filtering experiments, modeling response latencies, and error proportions. Specifications are made to take account of instructions, previous trials, and the effect of a barmarker cue and of asynchronies in stimulus and cue onsets. The model is then extended in order to provide simulations of a number of Stroop experiments, which can be regarded as filtering tasks with nonequivalent stimuli. The extension required for Stroop simulations is the addition of direct connections between compatible stimulus and response aspects. The direct connections do not affect the simulation of simpler filtering tasks. A variety of different experiments carried out by different authors is simulated. The model is discussed in terms of how modular architecture and the interaction of excitation and inhibition generate facilitation or inhibition of response latencies. IS - 3 JF - Cognitive psychology SN - 0010-0285 AD - Unit of Experimental and Theoretical Psychology, Leiden University, The Netherlands. EP - 341 TI - SLAM: a connectionist model for attention in visual selection tasks. VL - 22 SP - 273 KW - attention KW - biased_competition KW - competition KW - comps KW - connectionism KW - feedback KW - models KW - modules KW - selection KW - stroop_effect KW - vision AU - Phaf, RH AU - Van der Heijden, AH AU - Hudson, PT PY - 1990/07// UR - http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2376113 ER -