PURPOSE: To assess public reactions to the June 26, 2000, announcement that scientists had nearly finished mapping the human genome. METHODS: We conducted a random-digit telephone survey of 407 Maryland residents as well as a content analysis of 55 relevant media reports. RESULTS: African Americans were more likely than Caucasians to report a negative reaction (P < 0.001) to the genome announcement. Overall, privacy/discrimination (16%) and human cloning (14%) were the most commonly mentioned concerns regarding the impact of the genome mapping. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the need for continued public discourse, including through the media, to address concerns regarding the Human Genome Project.