Convergent adaptation of human lactase persistence in Africa and Europe. Export

@article{citeulike:1013170, abstract = {A SNP in the gene encoding lactase (LCT) (C/T-13910) is associated with the ability to digest milk as adults (lactase persistence) in Europeans, but the genetic basis of lactase persistence in Africans was previously unknown. We conducted a genotype-phenotype association study in 470 Tanzanians, Kenyans and Sudanese and identified three SNPs (G/C-14010, T/G-13915 and C/G-13907) that are associated with lactase persistence and that have derived alleles that significantly enhance transcription from the LCT promoter in vitro. These SNPs originated on different haplotype backgrounds from the European C/T-13910 SNP and from each other. Genotyping across a 3-Mb region demonstrated haplotype homozygosity extending >2.0 Mb on chromosomes carrying C-14010, consistent with a selective sweep over the past approximately 7,000 years. These data provide a marked example of convergent evolution due to strong selective pressure resulting from shared cultural traits-animal domestication and adult milk consumption.}, address = {[1] Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA. [2] These authors contributed equally to this work.}, author = {Tishkoff, Sarah A A. and Reed, Floyd A A. and Ranciaro, Alessia and Voight, Benjamin F F. and Babbitt, Courtney C C. and Silverman, Jesse S S. and Powell, Kweli and Mortensen, Holly M M. and Hirbo, Jibril B B. and Osman, Maha and Ibrahim, Muntaser and Omar, Sabah A A. and Lema, Godfrey and Nyambo, Thomas B B. and Ghori, Jilur and Bumpstead, Suzannah and Pritchard, Jonathan K K. and Wray, Gregory A A. and Deloukas, Panos}, citeulike-article-id = {1013170}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng1946}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng1946}, citeulike-linkout-2 = {http://view.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17159977}, citeulike-linkout-3 = {http://www.hubmed.org/display.cgi?uids=17159977}, day = {10}, doi = {10.1038/ng1946}, issn = {1061-4036}, journal = {Nat Genet}, keywords = {adaptation, bos-taurus, convergent, culture, farming, homo, lactasepersistance, selection}, month = {December}, posted-at = {2007-10-07 20:17:34}, priority = {0}, title = {Convergent adaptation of human lactase persistence in Africa and Europe.}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng1946}, year = {2006} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:1013170 L3 - citeulike-article-id:1013170 N2 - A SNP in the gene encoding lactase (LCT) (C/T-13910) is associated with the ability to digest milk as adults (lactase persistence) in Europeans, but the genetic basis of lactase persistence in Africans was previously unknown. We conducted a genotype-phenotype association study in 470 Tanzanians, Kenyans and Sudanese and identified three SNPs (G/C-14010, T/G-13915 and C/G-13907) that are associated with lactase persistence and that have derived alleles that significantly enhance transcription from the LCT promoter in vitro. These SNPs originated on different haplotype backgrounds from the European C/T-13910 SNP and from each other. Genotyping across a 3-Mb region demonstrated haplotype homozygosity extending >2.0 Mb on chromosomes carrying C-14010, consistent with a selective sweep over the past approximately 7,000 years. These data provide a marked example of convergent evolution due to strong selective pressure resulting from shared cultural traits-animal domestication and adult milk consumption. JF - Nat Genet SN - 1061-4036 AD - [1] Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA. [2] These authors contributed equally to this work. TI - Convergent adaptation of human lactase persistence in Africa and Europe. KW - adaptation KW - bos-taurus KW - convergent KW - culture KW - farming KW - homo KW - lactasepersistance KW - selection AU - Tishkoff, Sarah A AU - Reed, Floyd A AU - Ranciaro, Alessia AU - Voight, Benjamin F AU - Babbitt, Courtney C AU - Silverman, Jesse S AU - Powell, Kweli AU - Mortensen, Holly M AU - Hirbo, Jibril B AU - Osman, Maha AU - Ibrahim, Muntaser AU - Omar, Sabah A AU - Lema, Godfrey AU - Nyambo, Thomas B AU - Ghori, Jilur AU - Bumpstead, Suzannah AU - Pritchard, Jonathan K AU - Wray, Gregory A AU - Deloukas, Panos PY - 2006/12/10/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng1946 ER -