Monitoring of Organochlorine Pesticides in Fresh Water Samples by Gas Chromatography and Bioremediation Approaches

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are one of the toxic synthetic organic pollutants which are being used for various purposes globally. The monitoring of OCPs has become important and urgent requirement of the time due to their bioaccumulation in living organisms either aquatic or wild life through food chain in ecosystem. OCPs are also termed as persistent organic pollutants due to their persistent nature. Therefore, their analysis has been reviewed in fresh water samples by gas chromatographic (GC) technique due to the advantages of GC method such as inexpensive, reliable, reproducibility of results and lower level detection over the other available techniques. Moreover, attempts have also been made to highlight the various types of interactions of analyte molecules with stationary phase i.e. the resolution mechanism in GC analysis of OCPs. Furthermore, various bioremediation approaches through different microbial species and plants, to decontaminate the drinking water resources and for environmental safety, are also discussed in the article due to the increasing demand of safe water on the planet.