Fragrances: from essential oils to the human body and atmospheric aerosols

An overview of the extraction methods is given by comparing headspace, liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction, solid-phase microextraction, sorptive tape extraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction, pressurized-liquid extraction and matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction (MSPD) for determination of 26 fragrance allergens in essential oils, cosmetics, indoor air and environmental water samples. I also present a description of allergic contact dermatitis caused by fragrances, and an assessment of percutaneous absorption or inhalation of fragrance allergens in cosmetics and indoor air is presented.