Body size and joint posture in primates Export

@article{polk_09_body, abstract = {Body mass has been shown in experimental and comparative morphological studies to have a significant effect on joint posture in major limb joints. The generalizability of experimental studies is limited by their use of small sample sizes and limited size ranges. In contrast, while comparative morphological studies often have increased sample sizes, the connection between joint posture and morphological variables is often indirect. The current study infers joint postures for a large sample of primates using an experimentally validated method, and tests whether larger primates use more extended joint postures than smaller species. Postures are inferred through the analysis of patterns of subchondral bone apparent density on the medial femoral condyle. Femora from 94 adult wild-shot individuals of 28 species were included. Apparent density measurements were obtained from CT scans using AMIRA software, and the angular position of the anterior-most extent of the region of maximum apparent density on the medial femoral condyle was recorded. In general, the hypothesis that larger-bodied primates use more extended knee posture was supported, but it should be noted that considerable variation exists, particularly at small body sizes. This indicates that smaller species are less constrained by their body size, and their patterns of apparent density are consistent with a wide range of knee postures. The size-related increase in inferred joint posture was observed in most major groups of primates, and this observation attests to the generalizability of Biewener's model that relates body size and joint posture. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2009. {\copyright} 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.}, address = {Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Anthropology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182}, author = {Polk, John D. and Williams, Scott A. and Peterson, Jeffrey V.}, citeulike-article-id = {4498453}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.21083}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/abstract/122377296/ABSTRACT}, doi = {10.1002/ajpa.21083}, issn = {1096-8644}, journal = {American Journal of Physical Anthropology}, keywords = {biomechanics, body\_size, joint, locomotion}, number = {2}, pages = {359--367}, posted-at = {2009-10-30 19:42:17}, priority = {2}, title = {Body size and joint posture in primates}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.21083}, volume = {140}, year = {2009} }

TY - JOUR ID - polk_09_body L3 - citeulike-article-id:4498453 N2 - Body mass has been shown in experimental and comparative morphological studies to have a significant effect on joint posture in major limb joints. The generalizability of experimental studies is limited by their use of small sample sizes and limited size ranges. In contrast, while comparative morphological studies often have increased sample sizes, the connection between joint posture and morphological variables is often indirect. The current study infers joint postures for a large sample of primates using an experimentally validated method, and tests whether larger primates use more extended joint postures than smaller species. Postures are inferred through the analysis of patterns of subchondral bone apparent density on the medial femoral condyle. Femora from 94 adult wild-shot individuals of 28 species were included. Apparent density measurements were obtained from CT scans using AMIRA software, and the angular position of the anterior-most extent of the region of maximum apparent density on the medial femoral condyle was recorded. In general, the hypothesis that larger-bodied primates use more extended knee posture was supported, but it should be noted that considerable variation exists, particularly at small body sizes. This indicates that smaller species are less constrained by their body size, and their patterns of apparent density are consistent with a wide range of knee postures. The size-related increase in inferred joint posture was observed in most major groups of primates, and this observation attests to the generalizability of Biewener's model that relates body size and joint posture. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. IS - 2 JF - American Journal of Physical Anthropology SN - 1096-8644 AD - Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801; Department of Anthropology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California 92182 EP - 367 TI - Body size and joint posture in primates VL - 140 SP - 359 KW - biomechanics KW - body_size KW - joint KW - locomotion AU - Polk, John AU - Williams, Scott AU - Peterson, Jeffrey PY - 2009/// UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajpa.21083 ER -