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Crystal Structure of a Ternary FGF-FGFR-Heparin Complex Reveals a Dual Role for Heparin in FGFR Binding and Dimerization Export

Molecular Cell, Vol. 6, No. 3. (September 2000), pp. 743-750.

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The crystal structure of a dimeric 2:2:2 FGF:FGFR:heparin ternary complex at 3 Å resolution has been determined. Within each 1:1 FGF:FGFR complex, heparin makes numerous contacts with both FGF and FGFR, thereby augmenting FGF-FGFR binding. Heparin also interacts with FGFR in the adjoining 1:1 FGF:FGFR complex to promote FGFR dimerization. The 6-O-sulfate group of heparin plays a pivotal role in mediating both interactions. The unexpected stoichiometry of heparin binding in the structure led us to propose a revised model for FGFR dimerization. Biochemical data in support of this model are also presented. This model provides a structural basis for FGFR activation by small molecule heparin analogs and may facilitate the design of heparin mimetics capable of modulating FGF signaling.


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