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Next Generation Hairpin Polyamides with (R)-3,4-Diaminobutyric Acid Turn Unit Export

J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol. 130, No. 21. (28 May 2008), pp. 6859-6866.

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dna domain gal4 polyamide

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Abstract: The characterization of a new class of pyrroleimidazole hairpin polyamides with ²-amino-³-turn units for recognition of the DNA minor groove is reported. A library of eight hairpins containing (R)- and (S)-3,4-diaminobutyric acid (²-amino-³-turn) has been synthesized, and the impact of the molecules on DNA-duplex stabilization was studied for comparison with the parent ³-aminobutyric acid (³-turn) and standard (R)-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (±-amino-³-turn)-linked eight-ring polyamides. For some, but not all, sequence compositions, melting temperature analyses have revealed that both enantiomeric forms of the ²-amino-³-turn increase the DNA-binding affinity of polyamides relative to the (R)-±-amino-³-turn. The (R)-²-amine residue may be an attractive alternative for constructing hairpin polyamide conjugates. Biological assays have shown that (R)-²-amino-³-turn hairpins are able to inhibit androgen receptor-mediated gene expression in cell culture similar to hairpins bearing the standard (R)-±-amino-³-turn, from which we infer they are cell-permeable.


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