Membrane-based amplification in hearing Export

@article{citeulike:5929044, abstract = {Acoustic vibrations enter and neuronal action potentials leave the inner ear. An interplay of mechanical and electrical energy results in hair cell receptor potentials that ultimately trigger neurotransmitter release at the afferent synapse. The diffusion of neurotransmitter across the synaptic cleft depolarizes 8 th nerve terminals and initiates action potentials that travel to the central nervous system. The action potentials encode information about the spectral and temporal content of environmental sounds. The ability to localize predator or prey is improved by analyzing sounds over a wide range of frequencies resulting in an evolutionary selection pressure for detecting ever higher frequencies. Nature has incorporated diverse strategies to overcome physical constraints for high frequency hearing. These constraints include: 1) viscous damping by inner ear fluids; 2) electrical filtering by cell membranes; and 3) temporal limitations imposed by chemical cascades at the synapse. The mechanisms that overcome viscous damping have been called the ” cochlear amplifier” in mammalian ears and an ” active process” in vestibular and other hair cell systems. These must work in concert with mechanisms for increasing membrane bandwidth and assuring the temporal precision of afferent fiber action potentials if high frequency hearing is to be achieved.}, author = {Brownell, William E.}, citeulike-article-id = {5929044}, citeulike-linkout-0 = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heares.2009.09.016}, citeulike-linkout-1 = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378595509002408}, day = {08}, doi = {10.1016/j.heares.2009.09.016}, issn = {03785955}, journal = {Hearing Research}, keywords = {auditory, manuscript, review, system}, month = {October}, posted-at = {2009-10-13 19:52:59}, priority = {2}, title = {Membrane-based amplification in hearing}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heares.2009.09.016}, year = {2009} }

TY - JOUR ID - citeulike:5929044 L3 - citeulike-article-id:5929044 N2 - Acoustic vibrations enter and neuronal action potentials leave the inner ear. An interplay of mechanical and electrical energy results in hair cell receptor potentials that ultimately trigger neurotransmitter release at the afferent synapse. The diffusion of neurotransmitter across the synaptic cleft depolarizes 8 th nerve terminals and initiates action potentials that travel to the central nervous system. The action potentials encode information about the spectral and temporal content of environmental sounds. The ability to localize predator or prey is improved by analyzing sounds over a wide range of frequencies resulting in an evolutionary selection pressure for detecting ever higher frequencies. Nature has incorporated diverse strategies to overcome physical constraints for high frequency hearing. These constraints include: 1) viscous damping by inner ear fluids; 2) electrical filtering by cell membranes; and 3) temporal limitations imposed by chemical cascades at the synapse. The mechanisms that overcome viscous damping have been called the “cochlear amplifier” in mammalian ears and an “active process” in vestibular and other hair cell systems. These must work in concert with mechanisms for increasing membrane bandwidth and assuring the temporal precision of afferent fiber action potentials if high frequency hearing is to be achieved. JF - Hearing Research SN - 03785955 TI - Membrane-based amplification in hearing KW - auditory KW - manuscript KW - review KW - system AU - Brownell, William PY - 2009/10/08/ UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heares.2009.09.016 ER -